• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2012

Silk fabric treated with fluorocarbon resins (Asahi Guard AG-7005 and AG-E061) were washed and subsequently heat treated varying the washing cycles and the temperature. After the processing, the water and oil repellencies, and contact angle to water were evaluated. The water and oil repellencies decreased by the washing and recovered by following heat treatment. Also ESCA measurement was carried out to investigate the surface chemical composition of the treated fiber. The $F_1s$ intensity of the treated fabric decreased by the washing and recovered by the subsequent heat treatment. On the other hand, the $O_1s$ intensity increased by the washing and decreased by following heat treatment. From the results, it is clear that change of the water and oil repellencies of the silk fabric treated with fluorocarbon resin occurred by the washing and subsequent heat treatment. Considering a change of the water repellency of the silk fabric treated with fluorocarbon resin, it seems likely that the fluoroalkyl group of the fluorocarbon resin rotates from surface to inside of the fiber by the washing to adapt to the hydrophilic circumstance, and the orientation of the fluoroalkyl groups of the resin disturbed by the washing recovers the orientation to the fiber surface after the subsequent heat treatment.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.199-202
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• 2016

Processing methods of heat treatment in milk has been developed to increase safety for the consumer by destroying pathogens that may be found in milk. Commercial pasteurization of milk in the market started in the late 1800s in Europe and in the early 1900s in the United States. In 1962, it became a requirement in Korea that all milk for sale should be treated by heat. Nowadays, heat treatment (pasteurization or sterilization) became mandatory for all milk products sold in all over the world. However, since 1987, there was a big debate about the heat-treatment of milk. Korea Society of Dairy Science and Technology (KSDST) complied the 10 scientific articles of milk heat-treatment into the book which titled "Effects of the heat-treatment on the nutritional quality of milk". Almost several hundred copies had been distributed at the symposium KSDST in 1989. Currently, no one was able to find these articles in anywhere including library etc. Thus, author decided to re-write that books in serials because these articles should be pass on their knowledge of milk science to the next generation of milk research.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.16-25
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• 2003

Recently, semi-solid forming (SSF) Process has been applied in many automobile parts for improved weight reduction, better environmental protection and energy savings. SSF process was well developed for high volume production of light weight aluminum components. In this paper, knuckle has been manufactured by SSF and then the microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated followed by various heat-treatment conditions. It was found that the examined microstructure was equiaxed at the whole cross-section area.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2003

Base and saddle feed drive system in machine tool puts in operation for Improvement of life and endure by high frequency heat treatment. In this time, work requirement of establishment to gets by repeat experimentation. In this paper, using the finite elementary method, we predict and revision processing, and gets minimizing of deformation and reduce the progress of Grinding works. Moreover, having high frequency heat treatment, the maximum deformation genesis m the middle parts without slideway length. Take deformation Into finite element program (ANSYS) of taper process in roughing process, after having high frequency heat treatment, existed quantity of deformation can be reduced down to 80 percents.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.458-464
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• 2009

Thermal energy control is a important factor to control properties of large sized product in ingot-forging. Good control of thermal energy helps to increase characteristics and eliminate defects of large cast-forged part, such as large sized forged shell. We have studied about not only large size ring forging process and after heat treatment process by FEM simulation. Changes of temperature and microstructure for forged shell were predicted according to different heat treatment conditions. Therefore, we can choose the proper heat treatment condition by FEA. The sectional properties confirmed by practical experiment and evaluation have presented possibilities of process design by computational analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.223-228
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• 2005

Tube hydroforming provides a number of advantages over conventional stamping process, including fewer secondary operation, weight reduction, assembly simplification, adaptability to forming of complex structural components and improved structural strength and stiffness. It can produce wide range of products such as subframe, engine cradle, and exhaust manifold. In this study, the effect of the heat treatment conditions such as post seam annealing (PSA) and bright annealing (BA) on the ovality and hydro-formability of steel tubes has been investigated. Hydroformabilities have been estimated by the bulging heights obtained at various processing parameters such as internal pressure, axial feeding and heat treatment conditions. The ovality and forming height are strongly influenced by material properties after heat treatments.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2006

The alloys which compositions were represented by the formula, $Ti_{(0.22+X)}Cr_{(0.28+1.5X)}V_{(0.5-2.5X)}$ ($0{\leq}X{\leq}0.12$), had the total hydrogen storage capacity higher than 3 wt% and the effective hydrogen storage capacity higher than 1.4 wt%. Particularly, among all the tested alloys, the $Ti_{0.32}Cr_{0.43}V_{0.25}$ alloy exhibited the best effective hydrogen storage capacity of 1.65 wt%. Furthermore, the reversible bcc${\leftrightarrow}$fcc structural transition was observed with hydrogenation and dehydrogenation, which predicted the possibility of pressure cycling. EDS analysis revealed micro-segregation, which suggested the necessity of microstructure homogenization by heat treatment. The $Ti_{0.32}Cr_{0.43}V_{0.25}$ alloy was selected for heat treatment and for other related studies. The results showed that the total and the effective hydrogen storage capacity increased to 3.7 wt% and 2.3 wt%, respectively. The flatness of the plateau region was also greatly improved and heat of hydride formation was determined to be approximately -36 kJ/mol $H_2$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Laser Processing Conference
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• 한국레이저가공학회 1998년도 춘계학술발표대회 초록개요집
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• pp.40-42
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• 1998

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2007

This study was carried out to assess the dimensional stability of wood material treated by plastic processing for bentwood and compression wood. The evaluation method was different between two wood materials, but the treatments for them were very similar to each other. One of the main methods is heat treatment with sufficient water vapor. In bentwood, the used species were painted maple (Acer mono), bitter wood (Picrasma quassioides) and birch (Betula schmidtii). Steaming was the worst treatment method for dimensional stabilization of bentwood. The best results could be attained with PEG treatment for dimensional stabilization of bentwood. Dimensional stability of bitter wood was found to be conspicuous. However the steaming treatment at lower temperatures, i.e., about $130^{\circ}C$ was not suitable for dimensional stability of bentwood. In compression wood, the used specimen was Italian poplar wood (Populus euramericana). Two heat compressive pressing conditions, an open-press system and an air-tighten closed-press system, were used. The recovery rate was measured after boiling and/or absorbing in water to estimate the dimensional stability of heat compressed wood. The best dimensional stability of compressed wood in the air-tighten closed-press system was found to be better at $200^{\circ}C$ than $180^{\circ}C$. The best compression rate for dimensional stability was 73 percent.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2020

In general, the cause of slab cracking during heat treatment has been analyzed with focus on processing conditions. However, in the present work, the cause of cracking is analyzed based on the microstructural evolution during heat treatment. The microstructural analysis indicates that the structure of the slab consists of three main regions as the top, quarter, and center parts. The tensile properties are investigated in each region of the slab in the temperature range from 25 to 350 ℃. Results demonstrate that the cracking is mainly attributed to the thermal stress and specific morphology of the microstructure. It is proposed that the cracking during the heat treatment is related to the presence of inclusion at the ferrite phase which is located at the boundary of pearlite grains.