• 플랜트 저널
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2014

축열조는 집단에너지를 공급하는 지역의 고도와 열부하에 따라 높이와 용량이 결정된다. 이는 축열조의 수두를 이용하여 열배관망에 압력을 가하고 배관망내의 비등을 방지하며 온도변화에 따라 체적이 팽창하면 이를 흡수하고 수축 시에는 부족한 중온수를 배관망에 공급하는 기능을 해야 하기 때문이다. 또한, 축열조의 역할은 주로 열수요량의 변화가 심한 계절별 주간 야간 시간대에 적절한 용량을 갖추고 잉여 열량을 저장한 후 필요한 시간대에 지역난방 열원으로 이용하면 열생산 설비의 운전 조건에 영향을 받지 않으면서 독자적으로 지역난방 열수요를 공급할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 본 연구는 지역난방에 건설되어 운영 중인 축열조 27기 중 폴리우레탄 폼의 단열 재료로 시공된 18기의 축열조에 대하여 단열재의 재질과 축열조의 운전방법에 따른 단열재의 손상원인에 대한 고찰과 단열재 손상이 축열조 부식에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 고찰하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.110-119
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• 1994

Three dimensional characteristics of fluid flow and heat transfer have been studied numerically around the latent heat storage vessel which was applied to the practical ice-storage system. The result obtained indicates that the value of frictional coefficient decreases with decrease of baffle width. For the baffle spacing. $S/H_D=9.375$, baffle height. $H/H_D=0.5$ and various pressure drop, average Nusselt numbers in heat transfer surface are much dependent on the width of side baffle and middle baffle. that is. Nu_m decreases with decrease of the width of middle baffle when the width of side baffle is 4.375, where as the optimum condition of side baffle for $Nu_m$ exists in the range of 3.5< $B_1/H_D$ <4.375 at the width of middle baffle, $B_2/H_D=6.875$.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2007

This study is conducted to improve the efficiency of a thermal storage tank. The thermal storage tank was designed to store heat energy that obtained from the solar or the others heat sources. However, it has difficulties in storing heat with nonuniform temperature through the entire tank with respect to the vertical direction, This study is focused on the thermal stratification to improve thermal comfort for the resident in house. To enhance temperature stratification of the tank, a distributor was designed and installed in the middle of the storage tank vertically. The vertically designed distributor could supply the return water with stratified temperature in the storage tank with respect to the height. The water velocity from the distributor hole is the same with the other outlet in the distributor. However, gravity effect on the flow in the storage tank is much higher than that of the velocity effect due to that Froude Number is less than 1. During the heat charging process in the storage tank, temperature maintained with little difference with respect to the height. However the charging process takes long time to get a effective temperature for the heating or hot water supply because of all of water in the storage tank needs to be heated.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.130-142
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• 2018

We use heat pumps with thermal storage system to reduce peak usage of electric power during winters and summers. A heat pump stores thermal energy in a thermal storage tank during the night, to meet load requirements during the day. This system stabilizes the supply and demand of electric power; moreover by utilizing the inexpensive midnight electric power, thus making it cost effective. In this study, we propose a system wherein the thermal storage tank and heat pump are modeled using the TRNSYS, whereas the control simulations are performed by (i) conventional control methods (i.e., thermal storage priority method and heat pump priority method); (ii) region control method, which operates at the optimal part load ratio of the heat pump; (iii) load response control method, which minimizes operating cost responding to load; and (iv) dynamic programming method, which runs the system by following the minimum cost path. We observed that the electricity cost using the region control method, load response control approach, and dynamic programing method was lower compared to using conventional control techniques. According to the annual simulation results, the electricity cost utilizing the load response control method is 43% and 4.4% lower than those obtained by the conventional techniques. We can note that the result related to the power cost was similar to that obtained by the dynamic programming method based on the load prediction. We can, therefore, conclude that the load response control method turned out to be more advantageous when compared to the conventional techniques regarding power consumption and electricity costs.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.32-36
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• 2009

The ice storage system uses water for low temperature latent heat storage. However, a refrigerator capacity is increased and COP is decreased due to supercooling of water in the course of phase change from solid to liquid. This study investigates the cooling characteristics of the TMA-water clathrate compound including TMA (Tri-methyl-amine, $(CH_3)_3N$) of $20{\sim}25wt%$ as a low temperature latent heat storage material. The results showed that the phase change temperature and the specific heat is increased and the supercooling degree is decreased as the weight concentration of TMA increased. Especially, the clathrate compound containing TMA 25 wt% has the average phase change tempera ture of $5.8^{\circ}C$, the supercooling degree of $8.0^{\circ}C$ and the specific heat of 3.499 kJ/kgK in the cooling process. This can lead to reduction of operation time of refrigerator in low temperature latent heat storage system and efficiency improvement of refrigerator COP and overall system. Therefore, energy saving and improvement of utilization efficiency are expected.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.14-20
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• 1992

For the high quality and low cost agricultural crops in greenhouse cultivation, it is necessary to use natural energy as much as possible. In order to reduce the fossil fuel consumption and maximize the solar energy utilization in greenhouse heating, a latent heat storage material was developed as a relatively highly concentrative solar energy storage medium. And a solar energy-latent heat storage system was designed and constructed. The experimental research on greenhouse heating effect of the system was performed.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2017

다공성 구조의 장석과 주택 시방기준으로 제작된 바닥 축열층 모르타르의 열적 특성과 소비전력을 비교하였다. 실험을 위해 온수관이 설치된 2개의 실대형 모형을 제작하였다. 자외선 열화상 온도와 온도센서를 이용하여 가열과 냉각과정에서 축열층의 온도변화를 모니터링하였다. 시험동의 축열층은 $20-30^{\circ}C$ 구간의 온도 범위의 가열조건에서 $2-3.5^{\circ}C$ 높은 온도를 보였고 목표 온도에 도달하는 시간이 단축되었다. 온수관에서 멀어질수록 $4-4.8^{\circ}C$ 이상의 차이를 보였고 이는 장석 기반의 모르타르 축열층이 열적 평형에 빨리 도달하는 것을 지시한다. 가열 온도 $30^{\circ}C$를 기준으로 산정한 소비전력은 2.2배 차이를 보였고 단계별 온도 상승에서 소비전력은 66% 절감되었다. 냉각에서 시험동의 표면온도는 지속해서 $2^{\circ}C$ 이상 높았고 축열로 인해 보일러의 재가동 시간이 연장되는 것을 고려하면 에너지 효율은 더 증가할 것이다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 1998

It is desirable to use the renewable energy for the greenhouse heating in winter season, it make possible not only to save fossil fuel and conserve green environment but also to promote the quality of agricultural products and reduce the agricultural production cost. In this study the heat pump - PCM latent heat storage system has been developed to use the natural energy as much as possible for the thermal environment control of greenhouse. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the heat pump system was 3~4 with the ambient temperature ranging from 8$^{\circ}C$ to -8$^{\circ}C$, and greenhouse heating effect of the heat pump-PCM latent heat storage system on the basis of the ambient temperature was about 12-15$^{\circ}C$.

• 태양에너지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.13-28
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• 1995

온돌의 효시인 화덕은 바닥에 자갈을 깔고 그 위에 진흙을 덮었으며, 주위에 큰돌을 놓아 불을 피워 돌과 흙에 열을 저장하여 이용하였으며, 이는 열저장 측면에서 주시할만한 난방법이었다. 현재의 한국식 주거용 난방시설은 연탄, 석유 및 가스 보일러를 이용한 온수순환온돌로서 전통온돌에서 사용한 돌과 흙같은 축열매체가 사용되고 있지 않다. 축열매체를 사용하고 있지 않기 때문에 온돌바닥면과 난방공간과의 온도차가 심하게 되어 쾌적도가 떨어지므로 난방열을 지속적으로 공급해야 하는 어려움이 있다. 이와 같은 현재의 난방법을 개선기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 잠열축열재와 바이오세라믹으로 구성된 온돌을 개발하였고, 그 난방특성을 실험적으로 분석하였다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.469-476
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• 2015

The purpose of this work is to investigate main factors to design a solid-state hydrogen stroage system with magnesium hydride with 10 wt% graphite using numerical simulation tools. The heat transfer characteristic of this material was measured in order to perform the highly reliable simulation for this system. Based on the measured effective thermal conductivity, a transient heat and mass transfer simulation revealed that the total performance of hydrogen storage system is prone to depend on heat and mass transfer behaviors of hydrogen storage medium instead of its inherent kinetic rate for hydrogen adsorption. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the thermodynamic aspect between equlibrium presssure and temperature is one of key factor to design the hydrogen storage system with high performance using magnesium hydride.