• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2007

In order to screen the aging related proteins in human normal colon epithelia, the comparative proteomics analysis was applied to get the two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles with high resolution and reproducibility from normal colon epithelial tissues of young and aged people. Differential proteins between the colon epithelia of two age groups were found with PDQuest software. The thirty five differential protein-spots were identified by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF) based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) and database searching. Among them there are sixteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of young people group, which include ATP synthase beta chain, electron transfer flavoprotein alpha-subunit, catalase, glutathione peroxidase 1, annexin A2 and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein, etc.; There are nineteen proteins which are significantly up-regulated in the colonic mucosal epithelia of aged people group, which include far upstream element-binding protein 1, nucleoside diphosphate kinase B, protein disulfide-isomerase precursor and VDAC-2, etc.. The identified differential proteins appear to be involved in metabolism, energy generation, chaperone, antioxidation, signal transduction, protein folding and apoptosis. The data will help to understand the molecular mechanisms of human colon epithelial aging.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Applied Microbiology Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.154-164
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• 2005

Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 is a thermotolerant strain, which can ferment ethanol from wasted papers and starch at 40$^{\circ}C$ with the almost same rate as at 30$^{\circ}C$. This strain showed alcohol fermentation ability to convert wasted papers 200 g (w/v) to ethanol 8.4% (v/v) at 40$^{\circ}C$, meaning that 8.4% ethanol is acceptable enough to ferment in the industrial economy. As well, all kinds of starch that are using in the industry were converted into ethanol at 40$^{\circ}C$ with the almost same rate as at 30$^{\circ}C$. Hyperthermic cell killing kinetics and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) revealed that exponentially growing cells of this yeast strain KNU5377 were more thermotolerant than those of S. cerevisiae ATCC24858 used as a control. This intrinsic thermotolernace did not result from the stability of entire cellular components but possibly from that of a particular target. Heat shock induced similar results in whole cell DSC profiles of both strains and the accumulation of trehalose in the cells of both strains, but the trehalose contents in the strain KNU5377 were 2.6 fold higher than that in the control strain. On the contrary to the trehalose level, the neutral trehalase activity in the KNU5377 cells was not changed after the heat shock. This result made a conclusion that though the trehalose may stabilize cellular components, the surplus of trehalose in KNU5377 strain was not essential for stabilization of whole cellular components. A constitutively thermotolerant yeast, S. cerevisiae KNU5377, was compared with a relatively thermosensitive control, S. cerevisiae ATCC24858, by assaying the fluidity and proton ATPase on the plasma membrane. Anisotropic values (r) of both strains were slightly increased by elevating the incubation temperatures from 25$^{\circ}C$ to 37$^{\circ}C$ when they were aerobically cultured for 12 hours in the YPD media, implying the membrane fluidity was decreased. While the temperature was elevated up to 40$^{\circ}C$, the fluidity was not changed in the KNU5377 cell, but rather increased in the control. This result implies that the plasma membrane of the KNU5377 cell can be characterized into the more stabilized state than control. Besides, heat shock decreased the fluidity in the control strain, but not in the KNU5377 strain. This means also there's a stabilization of the plasma membrane in the KNU5377 cell. Furthermore, the proton ATPase assay indicated the KNU5377 cell kept a relatively more stabilized glucose metabolism at high temperature than the control cell. Therefore, the results were concluded that the stabilization of plasma membrane and growth at high temperature for the KNU5377 cell. Genome wide transcription analysis showed that the heat shock responses were very complex and combinatory in the KNU5377 cell. Induced by the heat shock, a number of genes were related with the ubiquitin mediated proteolysis, metallothionein (prevent ROS production from copper), hsp27 (88-fold induced remarkably, preventing the protein aggregation and denaturation), oxidative stress response (to remove the hydrogen peroxide), and etc.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2020

Heavy metals are common pollutants in the freshwater environment and have toxicological effect in habitat organisms. The heavy metals highly accumulated in sediment and organism, and observed various physiological responses. In this study, we investigated the molecular response to heavy metal toxicity (Al, Aluminum; Cr, Chromium; Cu, copper; Mn, Manganese; Zn, Zinc) through expression of heat shock protein 40, 70, 90 (HSP40, 70, 90), cytochrome 450 (CYP450), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and Serine-type endopeptidase (SP). HSPs showed up-regulation in Cu and Zn exposures. Furthermore, HSPs expression in treated groups tended to be higher than the control group. The tendency of CYP450 and GST mRNA expression was higher for Cr and Cu than for other exposure group. The expression of SP gene was low at Al exposure and other group were measured to be similar to control. These results suggest that heavy metal toxicity in freshwater ecosystem may affect physiological and molecular process. Also, the comprehensive gene expression in the aquatic midge Chironomus riparius give useful information to potential molecular biomarkers for assessing heavy metal toxicity.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 2000

Determined sequences of 384 randomly selected clones in a PCR-based cDNA library of Antheraea yamamai could identify expressed sequence tags (ESTs) of highly expressed gene. One EST (fibroin) appeared 15 times, one EST (40S ribosomal protein S18) twelve times, one EST (ribosomal protein S24a) eleven times, ten times (ribosomal protein S8), nine times (60S ribosomal protein L10A), seven times (60S ribosomal protein S15A, S17, S17 and seroin), six times (ribosomal protein S8), five times (ribosomal protein S24, mariner transposase and P8 protein), four times (serpin 2), three times (heat shock protein 70 and poly A binding protein), and the remaining 6 ESTs twice (amylase, KIAA1006, elongation factor-1, transposon mag, translation initiation factor 4C, QM protein, transposase). Therefore, the 94 EST make it possible to identify 24 redundant clones that are candidates for highly expressed genes in posterior silk gland of this insect. The 24 redundant EST clones were identified in GenBank, but none of them was related to A. yamamai, suggesting that there are many unidentified genes which are highly expressed in the A. yamamai genome.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.637-642
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• 2001

Hershel found out Infrared for the first time, in the Industrial Revolution the Infrared and FlR had been begun to use making products. FIR with low temperature can deeply penetrate on the human body composed things without troublesome. since FIR has effectively operated on the human body at low temperature (35-40$^{\circ}$C). When FIR penetrated on the human body, it would inhibit the abnormal genes and cells expression, and then information of DNA and RNA would be reexpressed for arranging DNA and RNA abnormal state. As FIR's receptors in the body, it colud be presumed that N-glycosyl linkage of purine and deoxyribose, RNA splicing process. and Heat shock protein. To radiate optimized FIR, in this study, we made the FIR radiation compound and instrument for unharming biological things. According to the results, the FIR radiation to E. coli., it did not induce genetic mutations and change the survival rate of E.coli.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.167-171
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• 2004

This study investigated a HSP70 expression of Puerariae Radix in cerebral ischemia. The global cerebral ischemia was induced by bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion under hypotension (40 mmHg) in Sprague-Dawley rats. After the treatment of Puerariae Radix extract, the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressions were measured immunohistochemically. The upregulation of HSP70 expression in hippocampal regions resulted by cerebral ischemia. Then Puerariae Radix treatment demonstrated significant decrease of HSP70 expressions in CA1 region and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus as compared with control group. These results suggested that Puerariae Radix reveals the neuroprotective effect through the control of noxious stress stimulations to neurons.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.169-173
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• 2001

Objectives: The p53 tumor suppressor gene encodes a nuclear transcription factor that is critical regulator of cell growth and proliferation through its action in cell-cycle checkpoint control. The wide variety of stressful stmuli which include DNA damage, hypoxia, heat shock, metabolic changes activate the p53 protein, which in turn drives a series of events that culminate either in cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Mutations of the p53 gene is the most common genetic alteration in human cancer. This gene is altered in approximately 40-60% of head and neck cancers. Whereas the wild-type form of the p53 protein plays a central role in cell-cycle control in response to DNA damage, most of the mutant forms are unable to do so. The high levels of p53 protein expression in tissues are related to the increased cellular proliferative activity and may be associated with the poor clinical outcome. To determine whether the expression of the p53 protein has prognostic significance and is associated with patterns of treatment failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), We analyzed p53 overexpression in 40 cases of HNSCC. Materials and Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis with a monoclonal antibody (DO7) specific for p53 protein was used to detect expression of the protein in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor samples from 40 HNSCC. We evaluated p53 protein expression and analyzed the relationship between the p53 overexpression and age, sex, primary tumor site, stage, survival rate, recurrence. All reported P values resulted from two-sided statistical tests. Results: Overexpression of p53 was detected in 20 cases(50%) among 40 cases of HNSCC. The p53 overexpression was not associated with age, sex, primary tumor site, stage, recurrence and survival rate. Conclusions: In our results, p53 was not significant prognostic factor in HNSCC. Based on many previous studies, It is evident that p53 has a certain role in tumorigenesis of HNSCC. So, the further study is needed to evaluate the prognostic significance of p53 in HNSCC.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.60-68
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• 2015

NecroX-7 is a novel small compound of the NecroX series based on the indole moiety, which has potent cytoprotective and antioxidant properties. We previously detected potential immune regulatory effects of NecroX-7 in immune related diseases like Graft-versus-Host Disease. However, the function and the underlying mechanisms of immunological effects of NecroX-7 in the immune system have not been well established. In this study, we investigated the immune response characterization of differentially expressed genes of NecroX-7 administration in $CD4^+$ T cells by microarray analysis. $CD4^+$ T cells stimulated with NecroX-7 ($40{\mu}M$) or vehicle for 72 hours resulted in the identification of 337 differentially expressed genes (1.5 fold, P<0.05) by expression profiling analysis. Twenty eight of the explored NecroX-7-regulated genes were related to immune system processes. These genes were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. The most significant genes were glutathione reductase, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1, lymphotoxin-alpha, heat shock protein 9 and chloride intracellular channel protein 4. These findings demonstrate the strongly immune response of NecroX-7 in $CD4^+$ T cells, suggesting that cytoprotection and immune regulation may underlie the critical aspects of NecroX-7 exposure.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.267-274
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• 2017

The patient with end-stage renal disease show several nervous complications. The factors contributing to the nervous complications are still incompletely characterized. Cyanate, known as one of the uremic toxins, is derived spontaneously from urea. To investigate the mechanism of cyanate-induced effect on C6 glioma cells, the glioma cells were treated with 0, 1, 5, 10, 20 and 40 mM cyanate. There was a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability and the decreased number of cell was observed in glioma cells by treatment with cyanate. Western blot showed the down- regulation of procaspase-3, which means up-regulation of caspase-3, and the up-regulation of caspase-8, but the down-regulation by cyanate. In addition, cDNA microarray showed 934 down-regulated genes and 165 up-regulated genes on 1,099 genes in cyanate treated group. Treatment with cyanate led to 16 down-regulated genes and 6 up-regulated genes on apoptosis category, and especially heat shock 70 kD protein 1A gene on the category of apoptosis was significantly up-regulated. These results suggest that cyanate can induce apoptosis through caspase-8 and caspase-3 in glioma cells and decrease of gene expression including apoptosis category in glioma cells. These effects of cyanate may play a role in the nervous complications of patient with end-stage renal disease.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2014

The variation in the level of immune response related gene expression in silkworm, Bombyx mori following infection with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) was analyzed at different time intervals. The occlusion bodies of BmNPV orally inoculated to the two most divergent silkworm races viz., Sarupat (resistant to BmNPV infection) and CSR2 (susceptible to BmNPV infection) were subjected to oral BmNPV inoculation. The expression profile of gp 41 gene of BmNPV in the Sarupat and CSR2 races revealed that the virus could invade the midguts of both susceptible and resistant races. However, its multiplication was significantly less in the midgut of resistant race, while, in the susceptible race, the viral multiplication reached maximum level within 12 h. These findings indicate that potential host genes are involved in the inhibition of viral multiplication within larval midgut. The immune response genes arylphorin, cathepsin B, gloverin, lebocin, serpin, Hsp 19.9, Hsp 20.1, Hsp 20.4, Hsp 20.8, Hsp 21.4, Hsp 23.7, Hsp 40, Hsp 70, Hsp90 revealed differential level of expression on NPV infection. The gloverin, serpin, Hsp 23.7 and Hsp 40 genes are significantly up-regulated in the resistant race after NPV infection. The early up-regulation of these genes suggests that these genes could play an important role in baculovirus resistance in the silkworm, B. mori.