• 수면정신생리
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2004

목 적：본 연구의 목적은 주요우울장애환자를 대상으로 Heart Rate Variability(HRV) 검사를 이용하여 비침습적으로 자율신경계의 기능, 심혈관조절체계 및 항상성을 측정하여 정상대조군과 비교해보고 생리학적, 임상적 의미를 고찰해보는 것이다. 방 법：DSM-Ⅳ의 진단기준에 의하여 주요우울장애로 진단받은 환자 30명과 정상대조군 30명을 대상으로 하였다. 검사는 SA-2000E 기기를 사용하여 HRV parameter를 측정한 후 시(time) 영역과 주파수(frequency)영역별로 분석하였다. 결 과：Heart rate(HR)는 환자군에서 유의하게 증가된 소견을 나타내었으며 the standard deviation of the NN interval(SDNN), the root square of successive differences(RMSSD)도 환자군에서 유의하게 낮은 소견을 보였다. Total power(TP) band, very low frequency(VLF：$0.003{\sim}0.04\;Hz$) band, low frequency(LF：$0.04{\sim}0.15\;Hz$) band, high frequency(HF：$0.15{\sim}0.4\;Hz$) band는 환자군에서 유의하게 낮은 수치를 보였고, LF/HF의 비는 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 결 론：우울증 환자는 심박수의 증가와 HRV의 감소를 보였으며, 교감 신경과 미주 신경의 불균형이 높은 심혈관계 사망률과 부분적으로 연관이 있는 것 같다. 우울증 환자들은 심장에서 자율신경기능의 이상을 나타내며 이렇게 교감/부교감 신경활성 조절능력이 저하되어 균형이 깨짐으로써 높은 심혈관계 사망률을 보인다고 할 수 있다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.301-305
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• 2017

This paper presents a wearable human health-monitoring band. The band consists of a body temperature detector (BTD) and a hear rate detector (HRD). The BTD and HRD are realized using an inkjet-printed flexible temperature sensor and a commercial heart rate sensor module, respectively. The sensitivity of the fabricated BTD was found to be $-31/^{\circ}C$ with a linearity of 99.82%. The HRD using the commercial heart rate sensor module has a good performance with a standard deviation of 0.85 between the data of a commercial smart watch and the fabricated HRD.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.45-54
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• 2008

Objective: To treat psychogenic headache patients, doctors have to amplify on the headache caused by emotional stress to patients, and assist the patients to cope with difficulties. So, we investigated HRV of the headache patients caused by Chiljungsang and would like to apply to the clinical treatment. Method: Our study measured time and frequency domain HRV indicies(5-min resting study) of 123 headache patients caused by emotional stress. Standardized tests of HRV allow a quantitative estimation of autonomic nervous system function. Results & Conclusions: 1. The study classed as aspects of the head pain showed the differences in RMS-SD(square root of mean squared difference of successive NN intervals) band, HF(high frequency) band significantly. 2. The male headache patients showed higher all the indicies except heart rate compared to the female patients, significantly in SDNN(standard deviation of NN interval), TP(total Power), HF band. 3. As the patients grow older, SDNN, RMS-SD band was lower and LF(low frequency) band, LF/HF ratio higher significantly. The beginning age lower, SDNN, RMS-SD band was higher significantly. The duration of the disease longer, LF band, LF/HF ratio was higher significantly.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.33-37
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• 2024

Recently, wearable virtual reality devices are widely used. These instruments include a 3-axis accelerometer. User's heart rate information in virtual reality contents can be useful for measuring user experience. In this paper, we propose a method to measure the heart rate through a 3-axis accelerometer based on the principle of ballistocardiography without additional sensors. The angular velocity was successively measured in a time series by the 3-axis accelerometer mounted to the head. The frequency of the maximum magnitude is determined as the heart rate through frequency transform and band pass filtering of the time series signal. For verification, the heart rate calculated from photoplethysmography sensors acquired at the same time was compared as ground-truth. In the virtual reality, the user's heart rate information can be extracted without additional heart rate sensor, and the emotional state and fatigue can be measured.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.118-129
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to develop ECG electrode materials for the heart rate monitoring smart band, a smart device used for ECG and heart rate measurement. The purpose of the evaluation is to assess properties and conductivity of electrodes of the existing heart rate monitoring smart band, and to determine suitability through a representative conductive sample. Because level of thickness does not differ significantly from value of conductive specimen from thickness of the smart band, it can be used as a conductive electrode. Surface conductivity of conductive samples and smart bands, is expected to be available as electrodes except for conductive film. Also, since the knit have conductivity only in the metal processing layer, it is necessary to use electrodes on the part of the metal processing layer that is conductive when applying the knit. Tensile strength and electrical conductivity of the tensile were generally revealed to have a tendency. Thickness of the specimen that can be used as an electrode for the smart band is suitable for all samples, electrical resistance, conductive woven, conductive knit, and conductive cord. In the case of conductive cord, however, the electrode attached to the human body will not conform to the flat shape of the electrode attached to the human body. Therefore, the conductive woven and the conductive knit will be available as an electrode.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 1989

Korean clothings are admired for their beauty and traditional value. On the other hand, many of Korean women complain of chest restriction. Korean skirts may give high garment pressure to the wearers because the Korean skirt-band do not resolve physical tensions in size or in stretch. This paper aims at the identification of the garment pressure caused by the Korean skirt-band and the cardiopulmonary change caused by garment pressure. The Korean skirt-band were made in 3 kinds of size, and 21 women were selected for wearing test. The garment pressure was measured in front, side, and back parts of the body. The measured cardiopulmonary parameters were vital capacity, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure. The results were as follows: 1. The smaller the size of the Korean skirt-band, the greater the garment pressure. The pressure during inspiration was significantly greater than the pressure during expiration. 2. The pressure in side part was the greatest of the three measurements and the pressure in back part was the smallest. 3. The small size of the Korean skirt-band revealed low vital capcity and great respiratory rate. 4. As the small size grement was dressed, the respiratory rate and the heart rate during walking and rest after walking were significantly high. 5. Subjects felt uncomfortable when they wore small sized garment.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.701-709
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• 2019

최근에 헬스케어와 관련된 다양한 분야에서 생체신호 중 하나인 심박신호가 사용되고 있다. 기존에 제안된 심박신호 검출 방법으로는 접촉식 방법이 대부분이었지만, 피사체가 장치를 접촉하고 있어야 한다는 불편함의 문제가 있었다. 이를 해결하기 위해 최근 비접촉식 방법에 의한 검출 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지정맥 인식을 위해 설계된 손가락 영상 촬영 장치를 이용해 심박 유사 신호를 얻어내는 방법을 제안한다. 검출된 심박 유사 신호는 지정맥의 위조 여부 판단과 심박 신호를 통한 다양한 응용분야에 활용될 수 있다. 제안하는 방법은 적외선을 이용한 지정맥 영상의 시간 도메인상의 밝기 값의 변화로부터 신호를 검출하고 영상처리 기반 알고리즘을 이용해 주파수 도메인으로 변환하였다. 변환 후, 대역 통과 필터링을 통해 심박신호와 관련이 없는 노이즈를 제거하였다. 신호의 정확성을 판단하기 위해 지정맥 획득 장치와 식품의약품안전처로부터 승인을 받은 접촉식 PPG 센서를 이용해 동시에 취득된 두 신호의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 결과적으로, 지정맥 영상을 통해 비접촉식으로 검출된 심박신호가 실제 심박신호의 파형과 일치함을 확인하는 것이 가능했다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

UWB(Ultra-wideband)는 송신 안테나에서 UWB 대역을 송신한 신호를 수신 안테나를 통해 받은 신호를 가지고 목표물을 판단하는 고해상도 근거리 초광대역 레이더로 비접촉으로 사람의 호흡 및 심박을 감지할 수 있고, 환경에 영향을 받지 않아 최근 활용도가 높아지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 UWB 레이더 신호를 이용하여 사람의 호흡과 심박수를 감지하는 알고리즘을 구현한다. 인체에서부터 반사되어 들어온 레이더 신호를 메디안 필터, 칼만 필터, 밴드 패스필터 등을 이용하여 처리한다. 또한 호흡수와 심박수를 추출하기 위하여 CZT를 이용한다. 비교하는 심박 데이터로는 ECG(Electrocardiogram)를 사용하였으며, 약 98% 이상 일치함을 확인하였다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.418-425
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 원거리에서 사람의 호흡 및 심박수를 측정할 수 있는 Ku-Band 대역의 도플러 레이더 시스템을 설계하였다. 레이더로 측정을 하는 동시에 ECG(Electrocardiogram)를 이용하여 호흡 및 심박수 측정을 하였다. 수신된 I/Q(Inphase & Quadrature-phase) 신호를 이용한 arctangent demodulation을 적용하였을 때 RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)값을 약 50 % 정도 개선시킬 수 있었다. CW(Continuous Wave) 도플러 레이더는 송수신단이 연속적으로 항상 열려 있기 때문에 송신안테나에서 수신 안테나로 누설되는 전력이 발생하게 된다. 출력 파워가 높아질수록 누설되는 전력은 시스템의 SNR(Signal-to-Noise Ratio)에 영향을 주게 된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원거리에서 감지가 가능하도록 누설 전력의 반대위상을 갖는 신호를 더해줌으로써 누설 전력으로 인한 수신단의 감도 저하를 최소화 시키는 기법을 적용하였다. 위의 leakage cancellation 기법을 적용하여 최대 35 m 거리 대상의 호흡 및 심박 수를 측정하였으며, 이와 비교하여 ECG 값에서 추출한 심박 수 값과 일치함을 볼 수 있다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.305-318
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• 2013

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) at an acupoint, HT8(Sobu), on normal humans by using power spectral analysis. We examined the effect on the Heart Rate Variability(HRV), and the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : Thirty-two healthy volunteers participated in this study. EEG(Electroencephalogram) power spectrum exhibits site-specific and state-related differences in specific frequency bands. A thirty-two channel EEG study was carried out on thirty-two subjects(14 males; mean age=23.5 years old, 18 females; mean age=21.5 years old). HRV and EEG were simultaneously recorded before and after acupuncture. Results : In the ${\alpha}$(alpha) band, during the HT8-acupoint treatment, the power values in the ${\alpha}$(alpha) band significantly decreased(p<0.05) at 28 channels. In the ${\beta}$(beta) band significantly decreased(p<0.05) at 26 channels. In ${\delta}$(delta) band significantly decreased(p<0.05) at 18 channels. In ${\theta}$(theta) band significantly decreased(p<0.05) at 20 channels. ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ values were increased at 6 channels and decreased at 10 channels.${\beta}/{\theta}$ values were increased at 10 channels and decreased at 19 channels. Mean-RR(RR-interval), Complexity, RMSSD(Root mean square of successive differences), SDSD(Standard deviations differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals), norm HF showed a significantly increased and mean-HRV, norm LF, LHR(LF/HF Ratio) showed a significantly decreased after HT8-acupoint treatment(p<0.05). Conclusions : These results suggest that EA at the HT8 mostly causes significant changes on alpha(28 channels), beta(26 channels), delta(18 channels), theta(20 channels) bands and mean-HRV, mean-RR, complexity, RMSSD, SDSD, norm LF, norm HF and LHR. If practicing EA at the HT8, it will regulate the function of the cerebral cortex, decrease activity of the sympathetic and increase parasympathetic nervous activity.