• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.211-219
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• 2010

Purpose: The study was done to measure the effects of maternal heart sound on body weight, physiologic reactions (heart rate [HR] and cortisol) and behavioral states of preterm infants. Methods: Thirty-five preterm infants were recruited from a neonatal intensive care unit at a university hospital. Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent were obtained. The infants were assigned to an experimental group (n=18) with an auditory stimulation for 7 days of life, a continuous delivery of maternal heart sound using MP3 attached inside the incubator, or to a control (n=17) without any auditory stimulation. The outcome variables, daily variations in weight, HR and behavioral states, and differences in cortisol were analyzed. Results: There were differences in variations of daily weights (F=3.431, p=.011) and in cortisol (t=3.184, p=.006) between groups, but no difference in variations of daily HR (F=0.331, p=.933) and behavioral states (F=1.842, p=.323). Conclusion: The findings support the safety of continuous maternal heart sound as no changes in HR and behavioral states occurred, and the efficacy as weight increased and cortisol decreased. This auditory simulation may lead to more efficient utilization of energy in preterm infants by consistently providing familiar sounds from intrauterine life and blocking noxious sounds from NICU environments.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.234-243
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• 2017

With the development of smartphone technologies enable photoplethysmogram (PPG) acquisition by camera and heart rate (HR) measurement. This papers presents improved algorithm to extract HR from PPG signal recorded by smartphone camera and to develop real-time PPG signal processing Android application. 400 video samples recorded by Samsung smartphone camera are imported as input data for further processing and evaluating algorithm on MATLAB. An optimized algorithm is developed and tested on Android platform with different kind of Samsung smartphones. To assess algorithm's performance, medical device Beurer BC08 is used as reference. According to related works, accuracy parameters includes 90% number of samples that has relative errors less than 5%, Person correlation (r) more than 0.9, and standard estimated error (SEE) less than 5 beats-per-minutes (bpm).

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.257-258
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• 2017

Modern society tends to bring excessive labor to people and, therefore, further health management is required. In this paper, by using the clustering technique, one of machine learning methods, we try to bring out the measure of fatigue from heart rate (HR) variation during daytime work, helping people to get high-quality of healthy and calm life.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.529-539
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• 1998

Prematurity is the main cause for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in neonates. The goal in the treatment of RDS is to maintain respiration with adequate oxygenation. ETS needs to be performed to remove lung secretions in the ventilated premature infants with RDS. Oxygen saturation(SpO$_2$) and heart rate(HR) were compared in 22 premature infants with RDS using two types of ETS : open ETS versus close ETS. The results showed there was no significant difference in the SpO$_2$ and HR responses between open ETS and close ETS. The SpO$_2$ and HR returned to the baseline within 1 minute after suctioning. But in some case, there was a significantly greater incidence in the decrease of SpO$_2$ below 90% occured in the open ETS than in the close ETS. It implies that closed ETS may be beneficial to the premature infants who tend to develop desaturation easily.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.51-53
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• 2006

This paper proposes a portable ECG monitoring system, which integrates uptodate PDA and RF communication technology. The aim of the study is to acquire the subject's biomedical signal without any constraint. It has two types of transmission mode, which are total signal transmission mode and HR(heart rate)/SC(step count) transmission mode. In audition, wireless communication technology uses Zigbee Wireless PAN and can work in low-power mode, which is one of the advantages of ZiBbee communication technology. The developed system is composed of a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter has three-axial acceleration sensor. ECG amplifier and Zigbee communication controller. In total signal transmission mode, it can send data 50 packets per second whose transmission speed corresponds to 300 ECG samples and 60 acceleration samples. In HR/SG transmission mode, it can calculate heart rate from EEG data with 216 samples per second and step count from acceleration data and send a packet every cardiac cycle. The receiver forwards the received data to PDA, where the data can be stored and displayed. Therefore, the developed device enables to continuous monitoring for Activities of Daily Living(ADL). Also, this method will reduce medical costs in the aged society.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 1981

The antihypertensive effect of $\alpha-Methyldopa$ administered concurrently with timolol or labetalol were studied with spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Every drugs were administered orally once a day after prechecking the systolic blood pressure and heart rate of SHR. The blood pressure and heart rate of SHR were significantly decreased in groups of combination while those of non-combination groups were fallen slightly. Compared with control group, the significant changes of blood pressure was obseved in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol(100mg+2mg/kg)and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (100mg+12.5mg/kg). The group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolo 1 (100mg + 1.0mg/kg) reduced blood Pressure in similar degree as manifested in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (100mg + 50mg/kg). In the group that $\alpha-methyldopa$ was administered concurrently with timolol, the maximum antihypertensive effect and heart rate decreasing effect were appeared after 3hr and 1hr of administration respectively and those effects in group of $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol were appeared after 6hr of administration. The acute oral toxicity test was performed using albino mice with $\alpha-methyldopa$ alone, $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol (100:1) and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetatol (4:1), and was found that the $LD_{50}$ of $\alpha-methyldopa$ alone was 1104 mg/kg, $\alpha-methyldopa$ with timolol (100:1) was 1115 mg/kg and $\alpha-methyldopa$ with labetalol (4:1) was 354mg/kg.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is that in coronary artery angiography computed tomography (coronary CTA), to gain high quality of image and to use low dose radiation by administrating normal saline and converting the mode of scanning heart rate (HR) characteristics before infusing contrast media. All patients data (total specimens: 200, male: 108, female: 92) were measured by using appropriate mode of scanning the heart rate (HR) after injection of saline. in addition we measured radiation dose (CTDIvol, effective dose) in all examinations. CT number and noise, and blurring of coronary artery (proximal RCA, middle RCA, proximal LCA) were measured and compared. The result of this study after injection of saline, mean heart rate was decreased about $4.8{\pm}0.3bpm$ (beats per minute). 33 patients (13%) got converting scan mode due to reducing heart rate (HR). In prospective gating mode, radiation dose were measured less $6.0{\pm}1.0mSv$ (54.1%) than retrospective gating mode. Also showed a significant difference in heart rate decrease in image evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.433-441
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was performed to identify effects of pneumoperitoneum on hemodynamic changes of hypertensive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy under general anesthesia. Methods: Data collection was done from January 2 to June 10, 2008. Seventy-six patients, including 38 hypertensive patients, who had taken antihypertensive drugs more than 1 month and 38 normotensive patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy were enrolled in this study. The hemodynamic parameters were heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) which were measured 7 times from before induction of anesthesia to 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum. Collected data were analyzed using Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni comparison method. Results: HR in the hypertensive group was significantly decreased at deflation of the pneumoperitoneum and 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum (p=.012). MAP in the hypertensive group was not different from the normotensive group (p=.756). CO in hypertensive group was significantly lower than normotensive group (p<.001) from immediately after pneumoperitoneum to 5 min after deflation of the pneumoperitoneum. Conclusion: The results indicate that pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic surgery does not lead to clinically negative hemodynamic changes in heart rate, mean arterial pressure or cardiac output of hypertensive patients, who have taken antihypertensive drugs for more than 1 month.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.147-158
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• 2002

Objective : The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of stimulation on different sites of the body on MBP(mean blood pressure) and HR(heart rate). Methods : Six healthy men have participated in this study. Before and after 10 min, exercise on a running machine of l0km/hr, acupressure, plain acupuncture and electroacupuncture(50Hz) stimulation was practiced on GV20, LI4, ST36, BL40 and non-acupoints on T4 and T10 respectively for 20 min. and in a control group without any treatment. The changes of MBP and HR after exercise have been observed for 20 min. at 5 minute intervals. Results : Compared with control, no significant difference was observed in research of the blood pressure measurement regardless of methods nor sites of stimulation. But there were trends of reduction in the heart rates in all experimental groups. Especially, in the group of acupressure on T10 before exercise, GV20, T10 after exercise and electroacupuncture on GV20, LI4, BL40 after exercise there was statistically significant decreases in heart rates. Conclusion : From the present experiment, it is concluded that somatic stimulation has effect on the heart rates but not on the blood pressures, and the presence of effective sites on the decreases of heart rates suggest that this effect may depend on sites of stimulation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 2001

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of KST221085, a newly synthesized antidiabetic agent, on the hearts from streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. In isolated diabetic hearts, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow rate (CFR) were decreased compared to normal control, indicating cardiovascular dysfunction in diabetic heart. The treatment with 10 $\mu$M KST221085 remarkably improved the diabetes-induced contractile impairment, without any influence on HR. Reduced coronary flow in diabetic heart was also significantly increased by treatment with 10 $\mu$M KST221085. In isolated aorta from diabetic rat, treatment with 10 $\mu$M KST221085 increased endothelium-dependent relaxation, suggesting that KST221085 can improve the impaired endothelial function in diabetic aorta. Our results suggest that KST221085 treatment can improve the cardiovascular dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats.