• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 1999

Objectives. This study was carried out to analyze the hearingthreshold levels and relating factors of 1,048 workers with noiseinduced hearing loss$(D_1)$. Methods. We analyzed the hearing-threshold levels and relating factors of 1,048 workers with noise-induced hearing loss$(D_1)$ examined by the summary reports of specific health examination results of industries and personal reports of specific health examination results reported by 58 specific health examination institutes and 8 secondary pneumoconiosis examination institutes in 1996. Results. Among 1,048 workers at 510 workplaces, male workers were 1,009 (96.3%) and female workers were 39 (3.7%). The mean ages of workers initially exposed to noise and at present were 28.7 and 47.2, respectively. The duration of total exposure was 16.5 years. Average hearing-threshold levels analyzed by three-divided classification of the study subjects were 43.7dB(Lt) and 42.6dB(Rt). Those analyzed by six-divided classification were 50.5dB(Lt) and 48.6d8(Rt). Among workers with noise-induced shearing loss$(D_1)$, 16.3% was unilateral hearing loss and 84.6% was classified to compensation case. 8.8%(Rt) and 10.2%(Lt) of them were suspected to be conductive hearing loss by differences of air-bone hearing-threshold levels. Hearing-threshold levels of workers in manufacturing industry were significantly increased during the short exposure compared with the levels in mining industry. Among manufacturing industries, hearing-threshold levels of workers in trailer and other transportation equipment manufacturing industry were significantly increased. Age and duration of total noise exposure were not significantly related to the average hearing-threshold levels analyzed by three-divided classification. Hearing-threshold levels of female workers were significantly increased during the short exposure compared with those of male workers. Hearing-threshold levels of workers at the high risk group, ages of 20s, 30s and total exposure duration of less than 10 years, were not significantly increased compared with those of the other groups. However, they were exposed at young ages. The 3 leading industries of workers at high risk group were trailer and other transportation equipment manufacturing, automobile manufacturing and assemble-metal manufacturing industries. Conclusions. This study was the first nationwide analysis of the hearing-threshold levels and relating factors of workers with noise. induced hearing loss$(D_1)$. We found the differences of the real number by the statistics of the department of labour and the expected number of worker' s compensations for occupationally-induced hearing loss estimated by this study. According to the results of this study, we should carefully examine the methods to narrow this difference.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 1991

To test if exposure history to rifle fire or cannonade training during military duty can induce hearing loss, history of personal military service and histroy of gunshot exposure were asked to 228 male college students with self -administrative questionnaire. Otoscopic examination and Rinne's test were performed if any abnormal finding was detected by pure-tone audiometry. Average hearing threshold levels of 500 Hz, 1,000 Hz, 2,000 Hz, 4,000 Hz and threshold levels at 4,000 Hz were calculated for 112 students who were remained after exclusion of cases with history of ear disease, of ototoxic drug administration, and of neuropsychiatric disease, and mean of those were compared between group of students who have completed military duty (completed group) and group of those who have not (not-completed group), and between group exposed (exposed group) and group unexposed to gunshot sound (unexposed group). Mean of average hearing threshold level and mean of threshold levels at 4,000 Hz of completed group and those of exposed group were higher than those of not-completed group and unexposed group, respectively. Proportion of cases that average threshold level was greater than 40 dB or threshold levels at 4,000 Hz was greater than 50 dB were higher also in completed group and exposed group than in duty not-completed group and unexposed group, respectively Multiple linear regression analysis including age, duration of military service, degree of gunshot sound exposure as independant variables and average hearing threshold level as dependant variable, was performed in order to estimate the effect of age on hearing, and any considerable effect of age on hearing could not be found. In conclusion, hearing impairment can be induced by rifle fire or cannonade training.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.162-167
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• 2011

To identify the relationship between types of job classification (typical and atypical) and the levels of recognition of noise and the hearing threshold shift, a total of 457 workers in a cosmetic company were studied utilizing a questionnaire and the audiometric hearing test. The results were analyzed by factor analysis, t-test, and general linear model, as appropriate. The results showed that atypical workers had higher level of noise recognition but had lower levels of hearing ability, noise exposure, and the knowledge on hearing loss prevention, compared with those of typical workers. The high noise level group of typical workers showed higher threshold shift levels than that of atypical workers. Significant differences were found at 4 kHz for both ears and in right ear only for hearing threshold shift after adjusting age.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.275-282
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to examine the relationship between nursing students' hearing levels and accuracy of blood pressure (BP) measurements. Methods: Participants were 107 students who had finished their fundamental nursing practice and clinical practicum and who used earphones. Data were collected from October 13 to November 30, 2014 and from April 30 to May 19, 2015. Students' hearing thresholds were examined using an audiometer. Students were assigned to take two BP measurements on BP measurement training simulators, but only the second measurement was used for analysis. Results: All nursing students' hearing levels were within normal range, and there was no significant difference found among the settings for diastolic blood pressure. However, there were significant differences between low systolic blood pressure (SBP) (below 120mmHg) and high SBP (over 140mmHg) (z=9.02, p=.011). Measurement error in SBP showed a positive correlation with hearing threshold in the right ear at frequencies of 1000Hz and 500Hz. Conclusion: Findings indicate that BP measurement error is correlated with hearing threshold at some frequencies. To reduce measurement error, nursing students should be provided with health education about hearing and to improve training for students, further studies need to examine other factors influencing BP measurement error.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1974

It is generally recognized that the environmental noise of the various working places thought to be the cause of hearing disturbance. This survey was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of noise-induced occupational bearing loss among the weavers of 39 textile industries in Taegu, Korea. For this survey, 432 male workers and 2,023 female workers were examined their hearing acuity by Individual pure tone threshold determination test(air conduction), from November, 1972, to January, 1973. Main findings were as follows : 1. The mean of noise intensity of the 54 weaving rooms was, in over all, $95.6{\pm}4.2dB\;(A),\;95.9{\pm}4.0dB\;(B)\;and\;96.2{\pm}3.9dB\;(C)$. 2. The mean hearing threshold levels by service years in the 4,000 Hz were intensively increased from 1st to 3rd year and slightly decreased. than that of 3rd year, from after 3rd to 5th year, after 5th year that increased slightly. 3. The mean hearing threshold levels by frequencies were highest in the 4,000 Hz(male: $25.0{\pm}11.3dB$, female: $22.0{\pm}10.2dB$) and followed by 6,000, 8,000 and 3,000 Hz. 4. The mean hearing threshold level of the 6,000 Hz (male: 17.0 dB. female: 17.9dB) was higher than that of 4,000Hz (male: 16.4 dB, female: 17.1dB) in tile 1st service year. 5. The mean hearing loss of examinees was $16.2{\pm}8.0dB$ in male and $15.4{\pm}7.8dB$ in female.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2005

The cochlear implantation(CI) as an useful tool for aural rehabilitation in bilateral severe to profound hearing impairment. However, CI prefer to usually one ear in spite of bilateral hearing impaired. because of the various characteristics of hearing loss, the hearing conservation for the future possibility, and socioeconomic condition of hearing impaired person and their families. The unilateral CI has limitations such as a directional loss, a difficult speech understanding in noise and a neural plasticity. These limitations will be overcome by hearing aid(HA) which is familiar with hearing impairer. but HA fitting for bimodal-binaural hearing are difficult because the difference output characteristic of HA and CI. This study will be confirm realities of use of HA in unilateral cochlear implantee. For this goal, 25(m:f=10:15) child participated who are used to HA for 1 to 17 months. We had telephone interviews with their mother about use of HA, change of auditory performance and own voice. As the results, hearing threshold levels of unimplanted ear, the use of a appropriate HA, implanted and aided hearing threshold level(HTL) are must be considered for successful biomodal-binaural hearing. Especially, implanted and aided HTL should be very useful parameter for a prediction of HA effect and a criterion of selection for bilateral cochlear implantation.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.79-90
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• 1996

A research project was conducted to assess the levels of noise exposed to "Noraebang" users and potential hazards to noise-induced hearing loss due to commercial Noraebang noise. A two-way, mixed-factors factorial design was employed for the experiment using independent variables of "noise source" (no- singer, 1-singer, and 2-singer conditions) and "music type" (Trot, Ballad, and Rock music) with 18 normal hearing subjects. Each singer group sang 5 popular songs of each music type in each signing condition, whereas background music was just played for the no-singer condition. For each music played/sung, equivalent continuous sound pressure levels and maximum sound pressure levels were measured for data analysis purposes. Pure-tone audiometry was applied for measuring subjects' hearing threshold levels before and after exposure to Noraebgang noise. The statistical analyses indicate that average continuous noise levels due to Noraebang leisure environment were very serious, especially when two people were singing (higher than 95 dBA). Furthermore, maximum noise levels often exceeded the OSHA's non-premissible 115 dBA level. Worse yet, hearing loss assessment implies that Noraebang facilities may pose a serious threat to noise-induced hearing loss, based on 6-8 dB loss at 125 Hz and 8 dB loss at 4000 Hz after about 1-hour Noraebang noise exposure.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1984

소음작업(騷音作業) 근로자(勤勞者)들의 이보호구장용(耳保護具裝用)의 여부(與否)에 따른 청력보존(聽力保存)의 효과(效果)를 관찰하기 위해 $16{\sim}24$세(歲)사이의 건강(健康)한 여성(女性) 기직공(機織工) 1,237명을 대상(對象)으로 이전(耳栓)을 장용(裝用)하고 있는 자(者)들을 실험군(實驗群), 하지 않고 있는 자(者)들을 대조군(對照群)으로 하고, 1982년(年) 4월에서 1983년(年) 1월(月)사이에 실시된 특수건강진단(特殊健康診斷) 결과지(結果紙)에서 그들의 근속년수(勤續年數), 4,000Hz에서 AA-30A, RION Japon청력계(聽力計)로 측정된 최소가청치(最小可聽値)를 조사 비교하였다. 최소가청치(最小可聽値) 40 dB초과의 경우는 대조군(對照群)의 좌이(左耳) 44.6% 우이(右耳) 40.9%, 실험군(實驗群)의 좌이(左耳) 8.0% 우이(右耳) 6.6%였고 근속년수(勤續年數)가 길수록 대조군(對照群)과 실험군(實驗群) 모두에서 증가(增加)하였다. 최소가청치(最小可聽値)의 분포(分布)는 좌우이(左右耳)사이에 유의한 차(差)를 실험군(實,驗群)과 대조군(對照群) 모두에서 볼 수 없었으나, 대조군(對照群)과 실험군(實驗群)간에는 좌우이(左右耳) 모두에서 통계적으로 유의한 차(差)를 나타내었다(p<0.005). 대조군(對照群)과 실험군(實驗群)사이에 최소가청치(最小可聽値) 40 dB초과에 속하는 경우의 차이(差異)는 근속년수(勤續年數) 1년이하, 3년, 5년, 5년 초과에 따라 각각 좌이(左耳) 26.8%, 38.0%, 43.3%, 45.4%, 우이(右耳) 29.5%, 31.6%, 38.9%, 36.5%로 증가(增加)하는 경향이었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.353-357
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• 2005

이과적인 질환이나, 소음에 의한 청력소실이 없는 경우에도 노화에 의한 청력의 변화에 대해서는 잘 알려진 사실이다. 노인들의 청력에 대한보고는 있었지만, 한국인의 노화에 의한 청력변화에 관한 보고는 드물고, 남녀의 차이에 대한 연구는 제한적이며, 아직도 이견이 있다. 최근 조선대학교에서 개발한 청력검사결과 관리 프로그램 (ARCISM)을 이용하여 한국인의 노화성 난청에 대한 기준 청력범위를 구하고자 연구를 시도하였다. 일 년여 동안 대구파티마병원 건강검진센터에 방문한 환자 중 문진에 응한 1603명의 청력검사결과를 소음에 노출된 경우나 기타 이과적인 질환을 배제한 후, 노화에 따른 청력의 변화에 대해 20대에서 80대까지의 청력도를 구하였다. 나이에 의한 주파수 대역별 청력역치의 상승을 통계학적으로 유의하였으며. 고주파수로 갈수록 그 정도가 심하였다. 특히 4kHz와 8kHz에서 남자에 있어서 여자보다 통계적으로 유의하게 청력소실이 더 크게 나타났다. 개발한 프로그램의 운용으로 방대한 청각검사자료를 이용하여 쉽게 노화에 따른 청력 변화에 대해 기준청력범위를 구할 수 있었고, 향후 노화성 난청의 재활이나 한국형 보청기 개발에 기초자료로 활용될 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.217-225
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 A청감보정 소음레벨과 폭로기간에 대한 소음유발 청력손실과 소음폭로 사이의 관계를 해석하였다. 연령과 소음폭로등 다양한 변수에 대하여 청력손실과 청감민감도 변화를 조사하였다. 연구결과 전체 청력손실은 음압의 시간적분에 의한 소음폭로 레벨에 비례하였다. 만약 소음폭로가 노인성 난청보다 크면 연령과 소음에 의해 발생하는 청력손실은 주된 원인이 소음에 의한 것임을 확인하였다. 과도한 소음은 일시적 청력손실의 원인이며, 폭로가 길어지거나 강력하면 영구적 청력손실의 원인이 될 수 있다. 소음유발 청력손실을 겪는 사람의 청력도는 4kHz 영역에서 청감민감도의 급격한 손실을 보여주며, 이 영역은 여러 형태의 산업소음으로 인해 가장 손상받기 쉬운 전형적인 주파수영역임을 확인하였다.