• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.24-33
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• 1999

For performance prediction and diagnostics of gas turbine engines, linear and non-linear gas path analysis are applied. In order to find optimal instrument parameters to detect the physical faults such as (outing, erosion and corrosion, non-linear gas path analysis is used. A typical industrial gas turbine engine, TB5000, is used to study the effect of physical faults on engine performance. Through comparison of RMS error between linear and non-linear gas path analysis, the optimal instrument parameters can be defined. As a result, it is found that the linear GPA has the level of error introduced by the assumption of the linear mode: can be of the same order of magnitude as the fault being soughtwhile the non-linear GPA can be solved the non-linear relationships between dependent and independent parameters using an iterative method such as the Newton-Raphson method with sufficient accuracy.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1172-1177
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• 2009

This study is to determine the effects of BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy on the relief of shoulder pain among middle aged women. methods : A total of 39 middle aged women with shoulder pain are selected : 20 in the experimental group and 19 in the control group. The data was collected by using questionnaires. The BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy on the should and back was administered to the experimental group, and no treatment was given to the control group. All of the subjects were examined on a subjective symptom scale and on the grade of discomfort and pain in everyday life as developed by Japan's Industrial Fatigue Research Committee of the Industrial Hygienics Society(1988), Sohn, Mong Ho(1999), Visual Analogue Scale as developed by Cline (1992). SPSS/win 12.0 was used for Date analysis, General features demonstrated by frequency number and percentage. The effects of the BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy was analyzed by a t-test. The homogeneity testing revealed that all study variables are equally distributed between experimental and control groups. The hypothesis, 'the experimental group who received BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy will decrease in the grade of discomfort of shoulder', is supported. The hypothesis, 'the experimental group who received BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy will decrease in the Visual Analogue Scale is supported. Conclusion : As a result of this study, BUDDEUMI(moxibustion and cupping a boli) therapy will be able to be used as the self care therapy to improve the symptoms of middle aged women who has the shoulder pain.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.233-238
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• 2017

Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri, Acanthamoeba castellanii, and Acanthamoeba polyphaga, are distributed worldwide. They are causative agents of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis or acanthamoebic keratitis in humans, respectively. Trophozoites encyst in unfavorable environments, such as exhausted food supply and desiccation. Until recently, the method of N. fowleri encystation used solid non-nutrient agar medium supplemented with heat-inactivated Escherichia coli; however, for the amoebic encystment of Acanthamoeba spp., a defined, slightly modified liquid media is used. In this study, in order to generate pure N. fowleri cysts, a liquid encystment medium (buffer 1) modified from Page's amoeba saline was applied for encystation of N. fowleri. N. fowleri cysts were well induced after 24 hr with the above defined liquid encystment medium (buffer 1). This was confirmed by observation of a high expression of differential mRNA of nfa1 and actin genes in trophozoites. Thus, this liquid medium can replace the earlier non-nutrient agar medium for obtaining pure N. fowleri cysts. In addition, for cyst formation of Acanthamoeba spp., buffer 2 (adjusted to pH 9.0) was the more efficient medium. To summarize, these liquid encystment media may be useful for further studies which require axenic and pure amoebic cysts.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.5843-5847
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• 2013

Background: Persistent infection with high risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is strongly associated with cervical cancer. Normal cervical cells may also harbor hrHPV, and detection of early hrHPV infection may minimize risk of cervical cancer development. This study aimed to compare two commercial HPV genotyping assays that may affordable for early screening in a limited-resource setting in Bandung, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: DNA from cervical biopsies with histologically confirmed as squamous cell cervical cacinoma were HPV genotyped by Linear Assay 1 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) or Linear Assay 2 (Digene HPV Genotyping RH Test, Qiagen Gaithersburg, MD). In a subset of samples of each group, HPV genotype results were then compared. Results: Of 28 samples genotyped by linear assay 1, 22 (78.6%) demonstrated multiple infections with HPV-16 and other hrHPV types 18, 45 and/or 52. In another set of 38 samples genotyped by linear assay 2, 28 (68.4%) were mostly single infections by hrHPV type 16 or 18. Interestingly, 4 samples that had been tested by both kits showed discordant results. Conclusions: In a limited-resource area such as in Indonesia, country with a high prevalence of HPV infection a reliable cervical screening test in general population for early hrHPV detection is needed. Geographical variation in HPV genotyping result might have impacts for HPV prevalence and molecular epidemiology as the distribution in HPV genotypes should give clear information to assess the impact of HPV prophylactic vaccines.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.116-123
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• 2016

This study was performed to develop questionnaire of cold-heat pattern identification(PI) based on usual symptoms for general people, and we analyzed reliability of the questionnaire. We reviewed cold-heat PI questionnaire of advanced research and selected twenty-three items through three time experts meeting. Three hundred and fifty nine healthy subjects were joined in this study. As a results, Cronbach's α of cold-heat PI questionnaire was 0.79 and 0.83. According to the factor analysis about fifteen-chosen cold-heat PI questionnaires, each cold-heat consisted of two factors and each Convergence was 56.46% and 65.93%. Intra-class Correlation Coefficient was 0.67-0.83. Based on the median of samples of primary source, we classified subjects into four category as Cold, Heat, No Cold-Heat, and Cold-heat complex. We examined agreement of diagnosis and coefficient of kappa, and agreement rate of diagnosis was 64.2%, and coefficient of kappa was 0.51. Based on research result, we expect that validity study about questionnaire of cold-heat PI based on usual symptoms will be continued, and hope to be used as subsidiary diagnosis in clinical practice.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.801-806
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• 2015

Journal bearings support rotors using fluid film between the rotor and the stator. Generally, journal bearings are used in large rotor systems such as turbines in a power plant, because even in high-speed and load conditions, journal bearing systems run in a stable condition. To enhance the reliability of journal-bearing systems, in this paper, we study health-diagnosis algorithms that are based on the supervised learning method. Specifically, this paper focused on defining the unit of features, while other previous papers have focused on defining various features of vibration signals. We evaluate the features of various lengths or units on the separable ability basis. From our results, we find that one cycle datum in the time-domain and 60 cycle datum in the frequency domain are the optimal datum units for real-time journal-bearing diagnosis systems.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.768-783
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• 2006

Biological stream environment assessment has been an essential trend of aquatic ecosystems among advanced countries, because the chemical water quality assessment has limitations that only represent temporal water environmental status. Benthic macroinvertebrates are the most popular bioindicator group useful to biological water quality assessment for a long time. In addition, a number of indices using benthic macroinvertebrates have recently been developed not only for water quality assessment but also for ecological health assessment. In this paper Korean Saprobic Index (KSI) based on Zelinka-Marvan's saprobic valency concept is developed by applying DIN 38410 in Germany. The KSI value was widely applicable to most Korean streams with the exception of sand-based large streams, for example main stream of Nakdong River. But as a result of non-linear regression analysis the correlation between KSI and $BOD_5$ concentration was high and KSI reflected water quality alteration for mid and long-term period. In spite of applicability of KSI, it should be supplemented and developed to make it strong by accumulating field data as well as to manage integrated water environment in general through continuous biomonitoring.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.301-312
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• 2020

In disease diagnostics and health surveillance, the use of saliva has potential because its collection is convenient and noninvasive. Over the past two decades, the development of salivary utilization for the early detection of cancer, especially oral cavity and oropharynx cancer has gained the interest of the researcher and clinician. Until recently, the oral cavity and oropharynx cancers are still having a five-year survival rate of 62%, one of the lowest in all major human cancers. More than 90% of oral cancers are oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the ease of accessing the oral cavity in clinical examination, most OSCC lesions are not diagnosed in the early stage, which is suggested to be the main cause of the low survival rate. Many studies have been performed and reported more than 100 potential saliva biomarkers for OSCC. However, there are still obstacles in figuring out the reliable OSCC salivary biomarkers and the clinical application of the early diagnosis protocol. The current review article discusses the emerging issues and is hoped to raise awareness of this topic in both researchers and clinicians. We also suggested the potential salivary biomarkers that are reliable, specific, and sensitive for the early detection of OSCC.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.139-160
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• 2004

The obesity is detrimental to the health of people living in affluent societies. Individual differences in energy metabolism are caused primarily by single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs), some of which promote the development of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several different genes and environmental factors. In this review, five major conclusions are reached: (1)To be clinically significant, SNPs must be relevant, prevalent, modifiable, and measurable. (2)Differences in SNPs may have been caused by famine, ultraviolet light, alcohol, climate, agricultural revolution. livestock, lactase persistence, and westernized lifestyle. (3)Candidate obesity genes of calorie intake restriction are SIM 1, MC3R, MC4R, AGRP, CART, CCK, CNTFR, DRD2, Ghrelin, 5-HT receptor, NPY, PON and those of energy metabolism are LEP, LEPR, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, B2AR, B3AR, PGC-1, Androgen receptor and those of fat mobilization are AGT, ACE, ADA, APM1, Apolipoproteins, PPAR, FABP, FOXC2, GCGR, $11-{\beta}HSDI$, LDLR, Hormonal sensitive lipase, Perilipin, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $TNF-{\beta}$ (4)Candidate obesity genes in the eastern are NPY, LEP, LEPR, UCP1, UCP2, UCP3, B2AR, B3AR, ACE, APM1, PPAR, and FABP. (5)Candidate obesity genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus are MC3R, MC4R, B2AR, B3AR, ADA, APM1, PPAR, FABP, FOXC2, PC1, PC2, ABCC8, CAPN10, CYP19, CYP7, ENPP1, GCK, GYS1, IGF, IL-6, Insulin receptor, IRS, and LPL. The discovery of SNPs will lead to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of obesity and to better diagnostics, treatment, and eventually prevention.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.9
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• pp.1019-1024
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• 2014

Skeletal muscle atrophy can be defined as a decrease in or a disease of the muscle tissue, or as a disorder of the nerves that control the muscle, through injury or lack of use. This condition is associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in various muscular disorders. Exposure to ROS induces muscle atrophy through several biological factors, such as SOD1 and HSP70. We found that cymbidium root extract reduced the $H_2O_2$-induced viability loss in C2C12 myoblasts and inhibited apoptosis. In addition, we showed that the cymbidium root extract increased the expression of HSP70 and decreased the expression of SOD1 in the $H_2O_2$-induced C2C12 myoblasts. These results suggest that cymbidium root extract might have therapeutic value in reducing ROS-induced muscle atrophy.