• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.118-121
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• 2002

Polyvinylidene di-fluoride (PVDF) film sensor appeared to be practically useful for the structural health monitoring of composite materials and structures. PVDF film sensors were either attached to or embedded in the graphite/epoxy composite (CFRP) samples to detect the fatigue damage at the bondline of single-lap joints or the tensile failure of unidirectional laminates. PVDF sensors were sensitive enough to detect and determine the crack front in linear location since composites usually produce very energetic acoustic emission (AE). PVDF sensors are extremely cost-effective, as flexible as other plastic films, in low profile as thin as a few tens of microns, and have relatively wide-band response, all of which characteristics are readily utilized for the structural health monitoring of composite structures. Signals due to fatigue damage showed a characteristics of mode II (shear) type failure whereas those from fiber breakage at DEN notches showed that of mode I (tensile) type fracture.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.37-60
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• 2008

Structural health monitoring of existing infrastructure is currently an important field of research, where elaborate experimental programs and advanced analytical methods are used in identifying the current state of health of critical and important structures. The paper outlines two methods of system identification of beam-like reinforced concrete structures representing bridges, through static measurements, in a distributed damage scenario. The first one is similar to the stiffness method, re-cast and the second one to flexibility method. A least square error (LSE) based solution method is used for the estimation of flexural rigidities and damages of simply supported, cantilever and propped cantilever beam from the measured deformation values. The performance of both methods in the presence of measurement errors is demonstrated. An experiment on an un-symmetrically damaged simply supported reinforced concrete beam is used to validate the developed method. A method for damage prognosis is demonstrated using a generalized, indeterminate, propped cantilever beam.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 2007년도 정기 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.669-674
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• 2007

To develop a promising hybrid structural health monitoring (SHM) system, a combined use of structural vibration and electro-mechanical (EM) impedance is proposed. The hybrid SHM system is designed to use vibration characteristics as global index and EM impedance as local index. The proposed health monitoring scheme is implemented into prestressed concrete (PSC) girder bridges for which a series of damage scenarios are designed to simulate various prestress-loss situations at which the target bridges car experience during their service life. The measured experimental results, modal parameters and electro-magnetic impedance signatures, are carefully analyzed to recognize the occurrence of damage and furthermore to indicate its location.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.181-190
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• 2001

This study was designed to investigate the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on DNA stability in human spermatozoa. To verify human spermatozoa were incubated with xanthine-xanthine oxidase (X 100$\mu$M-XO 50 mlU ~ 400 mIU), $H_2O_2$ (125 $\mu$M ~ 1 mM), sodium nitroprusside (SNP 0.1 $\mu$M ~ 100 $\mu$M) or lymphocyte. Otherwise, spermatozoa were incubated under low $O_2$ (5%) condition. Damage of sperm DNA was analyzed by single cell electrophoresis (Comet assay) and flow cytometry after acridine orange staining. In the presence of ROS, there was increase in DNA damage. The rate of DNA single strand breakage (9.0$\pm$1.0% ~ 46.0$\pm$4.6%) and DNA fragmentation (7.51$\pm$1.0% ~ 29.5$\pm$4.6%) were similar regardless of the kinds of ROS and exposure time. DNA damage in the lower $O_2$ condition (5%) was lower than ambient $O_2$ condition (20%). Taken together, it suggested that sperm DNA might be damaged by ROS. In the presence of ROS, increase in DNA damage and chromatin instability was obvious in spite of short exposure. Although present study reconfirmed that sperm incubation in the low concentration of ROS have the benefit m the induction of capacitation and Ah, the increase in DNA damage by ROS and possible genetic problem should be considered before the human trials.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제10권4_5호
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• pp.443-458
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• 2012

The structural health monitoring (SHM) benchmark study on optimal sensor placement problem for the instrumented Canton Tower has been launched. It follows the success of the modal identification and model updating for the Canton Tower in the previous benchmark study, and focuses on the optimal placement of vibration sensors (accelerometers) in the interest of bettering the SHM system. In this paper, the sensor placement problem for the Canton Tower and the benchmark model for this study are first detailed. Then an information entropy based sensor placement method with the purpose of damage detection is proposed and applied to the benchmark problem. The procedure that will be implemented for structural damage detection using the data obtained from the optimal sensor placement strategy is introduced and the information on structural damage is specified. The information entropy based method is applied to measure the uncertainties throughout the damage detection process with the use of the obtained data. Accordingly, a multi-objective optimal problem in terms of sensor placement is formulated. The optimal solution is determined as the one that provides equally most informative data for all objectives, and thus the data obtained is most informative for structural damage detection. To validate the effectiveness of the optimally determined sensor placement, damage detection is performed on different damage scenarios of the benchmark model using the noise-free and noise-corrupted measured information, respectively. The results show that in comparison with the existing in-service sensor deployment on the structure, the optimally determined one is capable of further enhancing the capability of damage detection.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제29권1A호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 강판형교의 주된 두 손상유형인 거더의 휨 강성 저하와 지점부의 손상을 검색하기 위해 가속도-임피던스 특성을 이용한 하이브리드 구조건전성 모니터링 기법을 제안하였다. 하이브리드 기법은 1) 전역적인 방법으로 손상의 발생을 경보하고, 2) 구조물의 구조 부재내의 발생된 손상을 분류하며, 3) 구조 부재에 따라 적절한 방법을 이용하여 세부적으로 분류된 손상을 평가하는 크게 3단계로 구성되었다. 첫 번째 단계에서는 가속도 특성 변화를 모니터링하여 전역적인 손상의 발생을 경보한다. 두 번째 단계에서는 임피던스 특성 변화를 모니터링하여 경보된 손상유형을 분류한다. 세 번째 단계에서는 모드변형에너지기반 손상지수법과 RMSD 기법을 이용하여 손상의 위치와 크기를 평가한다. 몇몇의 손상 시나리오에 의해 측정된 하이브리드 가속도-임피던스 신호를 이용한 모형 강판형교 실험을 통해 제안된 하이브리드 기법의 유용성을 평가하였다. 또한, 온도변화 및 지점손상 조건에 대한 실험을 통해 임피던스기반 손상모니터링의 정확도에 미치는 온도유발 영향을 검토하였다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.151-167
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• 2006

This study shows the differences among residents’ consciousness for general infectious disease and sterilization mediated by vermin. We categorized both industry-related people who work in restaurants, hygiene service shops, whole sales, government organizations, PC shops, factories, department stores and non-industry-related people who work in schools, general offices into two groups for this study. The discovery of vermin held 86% of total exam cases. The vermin included mosquitoes, cockroaches, ants, flies, and so on. People thought these vermin might mediate bacteria infection to human. 80.3% of persons thought mite might exist in blankets, beds and couches. Among 66.6% of total experience of vermin damage, the main damage came from mosquitoes. Frequently used methods of prevention from vermin damage were as follows: "spray of effective chemicals", "install traps" and " report to a prevention company" in order. It indicated that people did not take special actions to repel vermin in spite of their knowing seriousness of damage. Furthermore, just half cases were executed regular sanitization.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2003

Complementing recent advances made in the field of structural health monitoring and damage detection, the concept of a wireless sensing network with distributed computational power is proposed. The fundamental building block of the proposed sensing network is a wireless sensing unit capable of acquiring measurement data, interrogating the data and transmitting the data in real time. The computational core of a prototype wireless sensing unit can potentially be utilized for execution of embedded engineering analyses such as damage detection and system identification. To illustrate the computational capabilities of the proposed wireless sensing unit, the fast Fourier transform and auto-regressive time-series modeling are locally executed by the unit. Fast Fourier transforms and auto-regressive models are two important techniques that have been previously used for the identification of damage in structural systems. Their embedment illustrates the computational capabilities of the prototype wireless sensing unit and suggests strong potential for unit installation in automated structural health monitoring systems.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.51-69
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• 2016

Monitoring the performance and estimating the remaining useful life of aging civil infrastructure in the United States has been identified as a major objective in the civil engineering community. Structural health monitoring has emerged as a central tool to fulfill this objective. This paper presents a review of the major structural monitoring programs that have been recently implemented in the United States, focusing on the integrity and performance assessment of large-scale structural systems. Applications where response data from a monitoring program have been used to detect and correct structural deficiencies are highlighted. These applications include (but are not limited to): i) Post-earthquake damage assessment of buildings and bridges; ii) Monitoring of cables vibration in cable-stayed bridges; iii) Evaluation of the effectiveness of technologies for retrofit and seismic protection, such as base isolation systems; and iv) Structural damage assessment of bridges after impact loads resulting from ship collisions. These and many other applications show that a structural health monitoring program is a powerful tool for structural damage and condition assessment, that can be used as part of a comprehensive decision-making process about possible actions that can be undertaken in a large-scale civil infrastructure system after potentially damaging events.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.412-419
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• 2009

구조물 건전성 모니터 링에서 구조물에 발생한 손상을 어떠한 방법으로 가장 효율적이고 정확하게 탐지하느냐는 매우 중요한 연구과제이다. 기존의 대부분 SHM기술에서는 구조물에 손상이 발생하기 이전에 측정해 놓은 탄성파신호를 손상 검출을 위한 기준 데이터로서 활용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 Lamb파를 이용하는 pitch-catch (PC)-기법을 기반으로 기준 데이터를 필요로 하지 않는 새로운 SHM기술을 제안하였다. 또한 손상 신호에 이미지화 기법을 적용하여 손상의 위치를 이미지화 함으로써 손쉽게 파악할 수 있도록 하였다. 제안된 SHM기술은 알루미늄 평판 시편에 대한 실험을 통해 응용 가능성을 고찰하였다.