• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.73-82
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the production environment of crown prosthesis for National Health Insurance(NHI) benefit. Methods: This study carried out self-administered questionnaire survey from September 1, 2016 to October 31 by having research subjects as 261 dental technician. Except 100 copies with incomplete response, 161 copies were used as the materials of final analysis. Results: Unlike gold crowns, the material cost of metal crowns was paid at the dental laboratory(86.3%). Total material consumption for making metal crown was more than gold crown(63.4%), especially for the finishing and polishing processes(78.3%). The subjects responded that a routine dental laboratory fee of crown prosthesis is unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and improve it(metal crown 96.2%, gold crown 96.9%). NHI coverage dental prosthesis was not marked on the order form(46.0%), and the dental laboratory fee of that was nor received(64.0%). Conclusion : It is necessary to estimate the NHI cost level of the crown prosthesis by reflecting the production environment and engineering process in dental laboratories. In addition, institutional arrangement should be backed up so that dental laboratories can receive appropriate dental laboratory fee.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.228-241
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• 2014

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of health insurance coverage expansion for cancer patients on equity in health care utilization and catastrophic expenditure. Methods: To analyze the causal relationship between the policy to expand benefit coverage and the change in health care utilization and out-of-pocket payments of cancer patients, this study employed a difference-in-differences (DID) method. In the DID model, the change in health care utilization, such as health care expenditure, visit days and length of stay, of cancer patients was compared with that of liver disease patients, using Korea Health Panel Data in 2009 and 2010. Results: The policy of reducing cost sharing from 10% to 5% for cancer patients did not have significant effects on equity in health care utilization. The results of this study were different from those of the previous study that showed that the reduction of cost sharing from 20% to 10% significantly improved the equity in health care utilization of cancer patients. In addition, the result of catastrophic expenditures analysis showed the policy did not change the probability of catastrophic expenditures. Conclusion: The results of this study imply that payment for non-covered services account for high out-of-pocket payments, and the reduction in cost sharing for covered services alone may have a limited effect on total financial burden on patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.297-305
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• 1999

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate factors related to the intention of participation in a worksite smoking cessation program. Methods: To explain the health behavior of participating intention in a worksite smoking cessation program, the health belief model(HBM) was used as study model, and 144 self-administered questionnaires were completed by electronic company workers. Variables of the health belief model were composed of perceived susceptibility to smokinginduced disease, perceived severity of smoking-induced disease, economical gain as perceived benefit of smoking cessation, and nicotine dependency as perceived barrier of smoking cessation. Variables of sociodemographics, smoking status, knowledge about adverse health effects of smoking, and cues to smoking cessation were used as modifying factors. Results: Perceived severity(POR=1.99, 95% CI: 1.03-3.83), perceived benefit(POR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.07-4.17), and perceived barrier(POR=0.29, 95% CI: 0.11-0.76) were significant variables to the intention of participation in a worksite smoking cessation program in the logistic regression analysis. The perceived severity was significantly affected by knowledge about adverse health effects of smoking(POR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.23-3.84). The perceived barrier was significantly affected by education level(POR=3.66, 95% CI: 1.17-11.44), age to first cigarette (POR=0.32, 95% CI: 0.10-0.98), pack-years(POR=5.47, 95% CI: 2.37-12.61). To the Perceived benefit, the model was not fitted. Conclusion: Our results found that counterplans improving the knowledge about adverse health effects of smoking, preventing early smoking, and decreasing smoking amount should be considered for an effective smoking ban policy.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.165-180
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• 2008

The present study is a descriptive survey on factors affecting middle school students' oral health belief and oral health practice. In order to find methods for forming right beliefs and inducing desirable behavioral patterns, we conducted a questionnaire survey with 470 students at two middle schools in Cheongju and drew conclusions as follows. Of the 470 questionnaires, 457 were recovered. With 10 inappropriately answered ones excluded, 446 questionnaires were analyzed. 1. As to oral health belief according to general characteristics, susceptibility was 2.63 points (p=0.035) in male students, 2.68 (p=0.016) in 3rd year students, and 2.92 (p=0.002) in only child students. Seriousness was 2.57 (p=0.017) in male students, 2.67 (p=0.001) in 3rd?year students, and 2.92 (p=0.001) in only child students. barrier was 2.62 (p=0.009) in 3rd year students, and 2.95 (p=0.002) in only child students. Benefit was 3.40 (p=0.011) in female students, and 3.43 (p=0.003) in 1st year students. salience was 3.21 (p=0.006) in female students, and 3.24 (p=0.009) in 1st year students. 2. As to oral health belief according to oral?health?related factors, susceptibility and seriousness were 2.69 (p=0.003) and 2.72 (p=0.000), respectively, in the lower?middle class group, 2.83 (p=0.001) and 2.80 (p=0.003), respectively, in the drink taking group, and 2.80 (p=0.000) and 2.75 (p=0.000), respectively, in the low conversation group. barrier was 2.63 (p=0.018) in the lower?middle class group, 2.67 (p=0.021) in the low conversation group, and 2.77 (p=0.000) in the group fearing the visit to the dental clinic. Benefit was 3.36 (p=0.000) in the high conversation group, and 3.37 (p=0.0l5) in the group visiting the dental clinic for prevention. salience was 3.26 for beverage and 3.20 (p=0.003) for fruit and vegetable. 3. As to oral health practice according to general characteristics, the score of oral health practice was 3.21 (p=0.000) in female students, 3.30 (p=0.000) in those aged 12 or below, and 3.27 (p=0.000) in 1st?year students. 4. As to oral health practice according to factors related to oral health, the point was 3.17 (p=0.002) in the middle upper class group, 3.24 (p=0.001) in the group eating mainly fruit or vegetable, and 3.18 (p=0.030) in those with experience in education. 5. Oral health practice was in a negative correlation with susceptibility (r=-0.143), and in a positive correlation with benefit (r=0.229) and salience (r=0.286).

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.109-119
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• 2014

In accordance with the government's plan to expand the national health insurance (NHI) coverage for severe diseases such as cancer, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and rare and incurable disease, the diagnostic ultrasound services have been covered by NHI from October 1, 2013. The quality is very important factor in providing diagnostic services because they influence on the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of diseases. In particular, equipments and health care providers plays an important role in providing qualitative services. The purpose of this paper is to examine the major feature of ultrasound services covered by health security system and to review quality assurance policies in other countries such as Australia, Japan, the USA, and Canada. In addition, we assessed the implication of those policies. We especially put emphasis on the types and qualifications of healthcare professionals and measures to manage equipments. All countries have reviewed on policies to promote the quality such as educational requirements of professionals or restrictions on the duration of equipment usage. Various measures should be implemented to assure the qualitative ultrasound service.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.699-706
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• 2003

The objective of this study is to find out the difference in perceptional fatigue and health promoting behavior between hospital nurses and public health nurses. The subjects of this study were 141 hospital nurses and 73 public health nurses in Daejeon. Data were collected using a self-reporting questionnaire during the period from the 5th to 16th of March 2003. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS program. Real number, percentage, mean and standard deviation were calculated, and $x^2$-test and t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, stepwise multiple regression procedures were carried out. The findings of this study as follows: 1. The mean score of health promoting behavior was 2.71. 2. There were statistically significant differences in health promoting behavior according to age, marital status, family status, residency, educational level, income, the length of work experience and the field of work. (p<0.05) 3. There were statistically significant differences in fatigue according to age, marital status, family status, educational level, income, the length of work experience, perceived health status and the field of work. (p<0.05) 4. The fatigue was found to be in significant negative correlations with health promoting (r=-0.358, p<0.000) and self efficacy (r=-0.314, p<0.000). On the contrary, a significant positive correlation was found between fatigue and perceived barriers (r=0.210, p<00.01). 5. There were five predictors affecting health promoting behavior, which were self-efficacy, income, perceived benefit, fatigue and family support. The most influential factor was self-efficacy that made 31% of prediction, followed by income (6%), perceived benefit (5.2%), fatigue (2.2%) and family support (1.7%) in their order. As a whole, these factors made 46.1% of prediction of health promotion behavior.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.270-279
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• 1987

In all enterprises of Korea employing workers more than five, employeers have a duty of conducting a periodic health screening for improvement and maintaining healthful living and working conditions of employees. The health screening is performed annually in line workers and biennially in table workers under the supervision of the government. But there are some argument to the health screening programme in view of effectiveness, efficiency, reliability and etc. In order to obtain basic reference materials for increasing the efficiency of peridoic health screening programme for workers and understand the attitude of health screening institutions and enterprises toward the periodic health screening, mail questionnaire survey was conducted in July 1987. The questionnaire sent to 950 health screening institutions. and 700 enterprises in whole land but they were returned from 254 health istitutions and 187 enterprises, which were analyzed. The results were as follows: 1) The attitude of the respondents toward the necessity and benefit of the periodic health screening was showed highly positive responses in both of screening institutions and enterprises, and it was more positive in screening institutions. The attitude toward the affirmative and the contentment was showed less positive than that of the necessity and benefit. 2) The respondent recognized may problems on regard to the screening programme. The health screening institutions lie in the state of competition with other institutions for undertaking the screening programme. 3) One of major complaints from enterprises was the lack of sincerity in performing the screening programme. They wanted more practical and reliable health screening examination rather than showy one. 4) Health screening institutions and enterprises showed some mutual contradictions in the matter of screening fee, and so the screening fee should be adjusted to the appropriate cost.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권9호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2017

본 연구는 성인의 구강건강실천 결정요인에 관한 인과관계를 융합적으로 분석하여 성인의 구강건강증진을 위한 기초자료로 활용되고자 함이다. 연구방법은 부산 경남지역에 거주하는 성인을 대상으로 설문 조사한 자료 204부를 Smart PLS v2.0 M2 소프트웨어를 통해 연구모형을 검증하였다. 그 결과 구강건강신념 요인 중 구강병의 심각성 및 감수성과 구강관리행위의 유익성이 구강 건강 관련 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났고, 일상적 구강건강관리행위 자기효능감은 구강건강실천 전반에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구강건강신념 요인 중 구강병의 심각성 및 감수성과 구강병 예방행위의 유익성은 칫솔질 관련 자기효능감을 경유하여 칫솔질 습관과 구강검진 및 교육에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 성인의 계속 구강 건강관리 프로그램 개발을 통한 구강건강신념에 대한 인식 개선과 함께 다양한 교육 매체를 개발하는 등의 전략적 노력이 이루어진다면 구강건강관련 자기효능감이 높아져 지속가능한 구강건강실천이 이루어질 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.123-129
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• 2022

Background: The Environmental Health Action Program was a national project carried out from 2012~2021. It was aimed at developing public technologies to protect people's health from various environmental hazards. Objectives: One of the final goals of the project was "creating health benefits worth more than 179.2 billion won by reducing the environmental burden of disease." This study aims to evaluate whether the program sufficiently achieved the planned benefits. Methods: In order to secure consistency in evaluation, we applied the same equation used in the goal-setting process. It is comprised of six parameters to estimate the benefit: 1. The amount of medical expenses for environmental diseases; 2. The attributable proportion of environmental risk factors' 3. The rate of reduction in medical expenses for environmental diseases; 4. R&D project contribution; 5. The proportion of successful policy reflection; and 6. The contributions of the project. The corresponding variables were estimated at the end of the project, and the health benefits of the project were recalculated using the newly estimated variables. Results: It was estimated that a total of 195 billion won in health benefits occurred or will occur from 2015 to 2026. The main contributors for achieving the target were an increase in medical expenses for environmental diseases, a high score in the R&D project contribution, and the proportion of successful policy reflection. Conclusions: Technically, the equation used in the project is about medical expenses for environmental diseases rather than about the environmental burden of disease. There are several benefits of using the environmental burden of disease in the evaluation of public health policies. In further studies, developing a policy evaluation framework using indicators such as population attributable fraction would be needed.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제6권
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• pp.109-115
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• 2005

A survey was performed for 528 college students who are faced at a period of bone formation from Oct. 10 to Oct. 15, 2005 in order to investigate health promotion behaviors by the perceived benefit in diets and exercises and level of the self-efficacy and to extract certain directions to facilitate the level of health promotion behaviors in diets and exercises to prevent osteoporosis by investigating the correlation between these factors. 1. There are some differences in the health promotion behavior for each group according to the sex, grade, and majoring. 2. There are no significant differences between the perceived benefit in diets and exercises according to the health promotion behavior, and the self-efficacy in diets presented certain high levels in the group that presented a high level of health promotion behaviors (3.4744) than that of the group that presented a low level of health promotion behaviors(3.2099). In addition, the self-efficacy in exercises presented certain high levels in the group that presented a high level of health promotion behaviors(3.7528) than that of the group that presented a low level of health promotion behaviors(3.3085). 3. The most important factor that affects 'Health promotion behaviors in diets' was 'Self-efficacies in diets' rather than that of 'Perceived benefits in diets'. The important factor that affects 'Health promotion behaviors in exercises' was 'Self-efficacies in exercises' rather than that of 'Perceived benefits in exercises'.