• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1-26
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• 2010

We achieved both industrialization and democratization during the shortest period in the world. We also achieved good performance in national health insurance: universal coverage, solidarity in financing, equitable access of health care. However, national health insurance system has faced the problem of sustainability: various expenditure and financing problems. The problem of sustainablity has two facets of economic sustainability and fiscal sustainability. Economic sustainability refers to growth in health spending as a proportion of gross domestic product(GDP). Rapid increasing rate of health spending exceeds the growth rate of domestic product. Growth in health spending is more likely to threaten other areas of economic activity. Concern on fiscal sustainability relates to revenue and expenditure on health care. Health care financing face demographic and technical obstacles. Democratic obstacle is aging problem. Technical obstacle is collection of contribution. Expenditure of health care has various problems in benefit structure and efficiency of health care system. In this article, I suggest several policy reforms to enhance sustainability: generating additional revenue from value added tax, changing method of levying contribution, increasing efficiency of health care system by introducing the competition principle. restructuring of benefit scheme of health insurance. contracting with health care institutions to provide health care services.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-165
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop the following scales on women's environmental health and to examine their validity and reliability: severity, susceptibility, response efficacy, self-efficacy, benefit, barrier, personal health behavior, and community health behavior scales. Methods: The item pool was generated based on related scales, a wide literature review, and indepth interviews on women's environmental health according to the revised Rogers' protection motivation theory model. Content validity was verified by three nursing professionals. Exploratory factor analysis, convergent validity, and internal consistency reliability were examined. Results: The scales included 10 items on severity, 11 on susceptibility, 10 on response efficacy, 14 on self-efficacy, 8 on benefits, 10 on barriers, 17 on personal health behavior, and 16 on community health behavior. Convergent validity with the environmental behavior scale for female adolescents was supported. The Cronbach's α values for internal consistency were good for all scales: severity, . 84; susceptibility, .92; response efficacy, .88; self-efficacy, .90; benefits, .91; barriers, .85; personal health behavior, .90; and community health behavior, .91. Conclusion: The evaluation of the psychometric properties shows that these scales are valid and reliable measures of women's environmental health awareness and behaviors. These scales may be helpful for assessing women's environmental health behaviors, thereby contributing to efforts to promote environmental health.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.104-122
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• 2010

Long-term care insurance has been introduced in Korea a year ago, and we are in a stage requiring to set principles regarding the generosity of coverage and how to gradually extend the coverage. This study empirically analyzes how the long-term care insurance in Korea is operated. Special attention is given to who is the main beneficiary of the long-term care insurance introduction, and what is the factors influencing the elderly's decision to apply for or use long-term care services. Use of a detailed information of individuals' public health insurance and long-term care insurance from administration data made it possible to control for health status, socioeconomic status including family type, housing tenure, income level. Logit models were employed to analyze the effects of various socioeconomic factors on the likelihood of applying and using long-term care services. Also, this study employed a survey questioning whether to ever willing to take other option as a alternative to residential care or home-care and the level of cash benefit for which they are willing to replace the formal care with informal care. The result indicated that although the poorest elderly population groups are in the greatest need for the long-term care service, they are in difficulty using the service due to economic burden. This implies the copayment amount needs to be adjusted in order for the poor elderly group to be able to get the benefit of the long-term care service.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.92-100
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the effects of improvement in self-rated health, self-efficacy, perceived benefit and health promotion behavior by running a health promotion program through the coalition of industries, universities and districts. Methods: This study was designed as non-equivalent control group research. Data were collected from 62 participants in a health promotion program who were enrolled in a community center (experimental group: 29, control group: 33). The program was applied from October to November, 2008. The health promotion program was composed of value, competence, action, and policy based on a multi-level health promotion model. Collected data were analyzed through $x^2$ test, t-test, and Wilcoxon test. Results: After participating in the health promotion program, the experiment group showed statistically significant increases in self-efficacy, perceived benefit and health promotion behavior but not in self-rated health. Conclusion: It was proven that the health promotion program enhanced the health promotion level in the community.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.181-190
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• 2014

Background: Demands are recently rising for the securement of procedural justification of policy decision-making. This study aims to improve the procedure of making a decision to expand health insurance benefit package from the perspective of building a social consensus. Methods: Major priority principles were firstly derived through literature search. Weights for such principles were calculated through an analytic hierarchy process, based upon the survey conducted for the health policy experts. Priority for 11 non-covered services was assessed by applying the weights as above to the results of the questionnaire survey targeted at people including members of related committees or societies. Results: Weights for priority principles were in the order of 'severity/urgency (0.428)', 'cost-effectiveness (0.318)', 'substitutability (0.164),' and 'accountability (0.090)'. What was obtained by applying these weights to the results of the questionnaire survey was considerably in line with what health experts classified those items into 3 groups depending on their own judgement of service necessity (consistent with 9 services out of 11). Conclusion: Results of the study are suggestive as to how far a brief assessment by experts could be utilized in case there are constraints on time and expenses in implementing all the process to secure procedural justification. Various attempts and endeavors need to be made to secure procedural justification that will not mar efficiency of decision-making in the days to come.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.263-272
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is suggesting proper management methods for the national health expenditures by considering advanced countries and analysing the problems of national health expenditures management in korea. The majors results of the research are as follows. First, most advanced countries is integrating the management of national health expenditures about health insurance, workmen's accident compensation insurance and auto insurance etc, and medical prices and benefit standards are same regardless of insurance type. Second, national health expenditures has been managing separately by national health systems in korea, and there are many problems like the differences medical expenditure review and payment, medical prices and benefit standards etc. Although same symptoms and disease, there is great difference in health service utilization. Hereafter, management system of national health expenditures must be integrated, and must change same medical prices and benefit standards.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.125-136
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to investigate dental health insurance coverage the awareness and dental health insurance coverage extension to scaling in service consumers. There were significant differences according to education level, age on the appropriateness of the age of yearly scaling benefit, and to married, regions, self-oral health of the frequency of yearly scaling benefit, who their teeth brushed frequence a day on the appropriateness of the fee of yearly scaling benefit. It implies that should be added to the coverage list national health insurance every age group after increasing periodontal disease. It is to be more extension as to age, frequency and fee health insurance coverage of scaling, the effort to improve dental health insurance coverage policy must be continue for oral health in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.253-259
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• 2004

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Health Policy and Administration Conference
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• 2005.12a
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• pp.361-362
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• 2005

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.53-79
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• 2009

This study conducted a regulatory impact analysis regarding the introduction of the Korean version of REACH(Registration, Evaluation and Authorization of Chemicals). The direct cost of the Korean REACH is estimated at a total of 101 billion Korean won over the 11 year period. The cost includes pre-registration, testing, registration, Chemical Safety Assessment(CSA) and Chemical Safety Report(CSR), evaluation, and the authorization costs of 15,223 chemical substances produced and imported more than 1 ton per year in Korea in 2006. With regard to the benefit, the only public health benefit is included in the estimation. Based on the available foreign and domestic data, this study estimated that the economic values of public health benefits are in the range of 33.2~138.6 billion Korean won if only the savings of the National Health Expenditures are considered and it reaches 203.9~1,640.3 billion Korean won if the willingness to pay(WTP) for disease prevention is included. This study proved that the Korean REACH passed the cost/benefit criteria. The benefit-cost ratio of the Korean REACH, however, is estimated to be lower than its EU counterpart. Thus it is suggested that a rigorous study to reduce the costs to industry be required before the Korean government introduces the Korean REACH.