• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.962-964
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• 2003

In 2002 Thailand was faced with severe flooding in the North, Northeast and Central parts of the country caused by heavy rainfall of the monsoonal depression which brought about significant damages. According to the report by the Ministry of Interior and the Ministry of Agricultural and Co-operatives, the total damages were estimated to be about 6 billion bath. More than 850,000 farmers and 10 million livestock were effected. An area of 1,450,000 ha of farmland in 59 Provinces were put under water for a prolonged period. Satellite imageries were employed for mapping and monitoring the flood-inundated areas, flood damage assessment, flood hazard zoning and post-flood survey of river configuration and protection works. By integrating satellite data with other updated spatial and non-spatial data, likely flood zones can be predicted beforehand. Some examples of satellite data application to flood dis aster mitigation in Thailand during 2002 using mostly Radarsat-1 data and Landsat-7 data were illustrated and discussed in the paper. The results showed that satellite data can clearly identify and give information on the status, flooding period, boundary and damage of flooding. For comprehensive flood mitigation planning, other geo-informatic data, such as the elevation of topography, hydrological data need to be integrated. Ground truth data of the watershed area, including the water level, velocity, drainage pattern and direction were also useful for flood forecasting in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.426-431
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• 2016

In quay processes in shipyards, it is difficult to manage workers and to maintain secure working environments because at least 1,000 people can occupy the quay at the same time. In this study, a system was designed to monitor the environment and processes of quay operation. In order to lower initial investments and the costs of maintenance and operation, the entire system consists of six connected components. Considering the communication environment of the shipyard site, Wi-Fi and the LoRa communication protocol were selected for the system. The feasibility of the communication protocols was verified by data transmission tests in the field. The designed system can provide real-time information about employees working in the quay area, the safety status of moored ships on the quay, and step-by-step alarms in dangerous situations based on the detected information. The system is expected to prevent or greatly reduce safety hazards.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.181-188
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• 2022

Despite the recent increase in the consumption level of the processed meat-byproducts, the health and safety issue has consistently been raised in the processes of production, distribution and consumption. The purpose of this study is to analyze and evaluate the microbiological hazard elements in the Korean sausage, "Sundae," to present not only the safety standard of meat by-product vendors based on HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point), but also the quality control criteria and sanitary arrangements of small manufacturers. For the study, the microbiological hazards in 24 raw materials, 7 manufacturing processes, 40 facilities and tools, 17 workplace environment, and 12 workers were analyzed. The analysis revealed the hazardous elements in the initial stages with 6.28 and 4.07 log CFU/g of total aerobic count and coliforms, respectively, detected from the porcine blood and 3.23 log CFU/g of coliforms from the porcine small intestines. The result also showed that the total aerobic counts and coliforms in the process of mixing and filling process exceeds the standards in the hygiene guidelines by Natick with the total aerobic counts of 5.23, 5.45 log CFU/g, and the coliforms of 3.25, and 3.31 log CFU/g, respectively. Although the detected total aerobic count and the coliforms in the filling and washing rooms exceeded the standards, it was found that the total aerobic count was significantly reduced by 98% after cleaning and disinfecting and no coliforms was detected in any process thereafter. In order to achieve high level of safety in the manufacturing processes of Sundae, the separation of washing and disinfection room from the other sections and the sanitation control of the workers must be preceded, along with strict monitoring in the storage and distribution processes. The study raises necessity for additional studies for the safety evaluation of the processed meat-byproducts and further researches on the validity of the critical limits.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2013

The aggregate risk assessment on xylene and ethylbenzene was carried out according to the guidance established newly in 2010 with the purpose of providing information for risk management. In human exposure assessment, the results indicated that lower ages were exposed more and that, in the interior space at home, the highest level of human exposure occurred via inhalation. At outdoor spaces, exposures via inhalation and drinking were less than 1%. In human health risk characterization, xylene showed HI(Hazard Index) < 1 in all ages. When reasonable maximum exposure(RME) was applied, HI for young children was 0.64. The HI of ethylbenzene was also below 1(0.02~0.04) in all ages, indicating no potential risk. From this study, it is considered that xylene need to be continous monitoring with interest because this substance may be more sensitive on young age group. In additon, to reduce the uncertainty of the risk assessment, the korean exposure factors on young age group such as infant, children had to be established as soon as possible.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.433-439
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• 2015

Enclosures for CCTV internal short circuit are prevented due to wetting to maintain a constant humidity and temperature, to avoid condensation due to temperature difference, a constant temperature and humidity requirements of the equipment, such as high-temperature resistant and a constant temperature of the structure, degree of energy utilization is optimized for developing this corresponding housing automatic control system and humidity is required. Device being an expensive imaging equipment in side of the enclosure according to the temperature conversion from a hazard protection, there is a need for a constant temperature and humidity control apparatus that can prevent a short-circuit failure. This is a system in which the accessory device is absolutely required for the storage and transmission of an image in recording reliability and field conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.79-95
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• 2007

A study was conducted in order to develope HACCP model in school lunch in Korea. Results: 1. Of 22 menus 4(18%) were non heating processes (#1), 2(9%) were food handling by using hands (#2), and 16(73%) were heating processes (#3). Of 279 menus 36(12.9%) belong to process #1, 8(2.9%) to process #2, and 235(84%) to process #3. 2. The critical control points for process #1 were contamination by hands of food handlers, and unsanitary food preparation habits of food handlers. Those for process #2 were improper heating temperature, contaminations by food handlers' hands, and unsanitary food handling habits, and cross contamination by unclean utensils and equipment. 3. Management criteria for the CCPs were conditions of food storage, refrigeration, freezing, food cooking temperature, personal hygiene, washing and sanitization of utensils and equipment. 4. Monitoring criteria for CCPs were observation, temperature checking, inspection of utensils and equipment, and practice of good personal hygiene. 5. Corrective actions were refusal of unsafe products, correction of improper temperature, proper cleaning and sanitization, and proper reheating time and temperature.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.254-269
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• 2017

The work describes an assessment of the major air pollutants, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, CO, $O_3$, $NH_3$, coarse and fine particulate matter ($PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$) in ambient air in and around a 3 million tonne Petroleum Refinery and the possible impacts on a pristine area marked by the presence of the world-famous Kajiranga National Park, a world heritage site and habitat for the most number of one-horned rhinos in the world. The Refinery is at an aerial distance of 20-25 km from the wildlife habitat. The assessment is based on regular monitoring at four stations around the Refinery and one station near the National Park. Heavy rains during June to August influence the pollutant concentrations while at other times of the year, large traffic volume adds to the pollutant concentrations that peak during November to March, the dry months of the year. Correlation analysis by scatter technique is utilised to obtain the enhancement ratios to predict the variations in the concentrations of the pollutants and their spatial distribution. Computation of air quality index (AQI) indicates that the coarse and the fine particulates in the ambient air could be a major hazard to wildlife in the area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2009.11a
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• pp.395-398
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• 2009

Currently, a new generation of ducted fan UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) is under development for a wide range of inspection, investigation and combat missions as well as for a variety of civil roles like traffic monitoring, meteorological studies, hazard mitigation etc. The current study presents extensive results obtained experimentally in order to investigate the tip clearance effects on performance characteristics of a ducted fan for small UAV systems. Three ducted fans having different tip clearance gap and with same rotor size were examined under three different yawed conditions of calibrated slanted hot-wire probe. Three dimensional velocity flow fields were measured from hub to tip at outlet of the ducted fan. The analysis of data were done by PLEAT (Phase locked Ensemble Averaging Technique) and three non-linear differential equations were solved simultaneously by using Newton -Rhapson numerical method. Flow field characteristics such as tip vortex and secondary flow were confirmed through axial, radial and tangential velocity contour plots. At the same time, the effects of tip clearance on axial thrust and input power were also investigated by using wind tunnel measurement system. For enhancing the performance of ducted fan, tip clearance level should be as small as possible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.494-504
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• 2008

Successful design, construction and maintenance of NATM tunnel demands prediction, control, stability estimation and monitoring of surface settlement, gradient and ground displacement with high accuracy. Back analysis using measured data and forward analysis have been and are indispensable tools to achieve this goal. Sakurai provided the hazard warning levels for assessing the stability of tunnels using the relation of critical strain and apparent Young's modulus. This paper performed the estimation of tunnel stability on construction. Firstly, the apparent Young's modulus concept and back analysis method is introduced for the assessment of tunnel safety during excavation a brief framework. Secondly, this paper deals with case study using "Apparent Young's modulus" and "Back analysis" for the purpose of estimating the stability of NATM tunnel in Korea. Finally, a general method that can be estimated the tunnel stability discussed by a flow chart.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.203-206
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• 2001

The mathematical processing (unfolding) of pulse height spectra from a scintillation detector helps to calculate the photon fluence rate energy distribution in a measured photon field. The data processing is based on the knowledge of detection system response function and directional dependence respectively. The experimental results of the photon fields measurements in the vicinity of the spent fuel temporary storage and inside the storage hall are presented. The containers Castor 440 are used for temporary storing of the burnt up fuel assemblies in the Czech nuclear power plant Dukovany. A set of periodical measurements was performed in order to get basic information on the time dependence of the photon fields spatial distributions and spectral characteristics in the temporary storage hall and its vicinity. The photon fields were measured by the scintillation system. The obtained photon fields spatial distributions and spectral characteristics present the information on the radiation hazard in the storage.