• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.133-141
• /
• 2007

Minerals play important roles in biological processes. Hair mineral analysis has the advantages of conveniences in sampling and observing the profiles of multiple minerals simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to compare hair mineral contents between urban and local middle school students, and to find out the relation with nutrient intakes and clinical symptoms. Ten nutritional minerals and 7 environmental mineral contents were analyzed in the hair samples of 44 and 37 male students who resided in urban and local area, respectively. And their nutrient intake and clinical symptom score were estimated from questionnaire. The average age, height, and weight were 15.1 years, 168.4 cm, 56.8 kg in urban subjects and 15.4 years, 169.1 cm, 61.9 kg in local subjects, respectively. The residence types were apartment (63.6%) and small-sized apartment (22.7%) in urban subjects and apartment (51.4%) and house (37.8%) in local subjects. The primary water sources were purified water (38.3%), running water (18.2%) in urban subjects and purified water (32.4%), underground water (27.0%) in local subjects, respectively. Daily energy and nutrient intakes were not significantly different between two groups. Among the surveyed 17 clinical symptoms, the scores of constipation, cold, anxieties and total score of clinical symptoms in urban subjects were significantly love. than those in local subjects. Hair contents of Na, Mg, Ca, Cu, V Al, As were significantly higher, while U was lower in urban subjects compared to those in rural subjects. Hair contents of Ni and U were significantly correlated with food intake, and Cr, V, Al, Sb, As, U showed a correlation with energy intake. Hair Mg level showed significantly negative correlation with total clinical symptom score. In conclusion, hair mineral profile between urban and local students was significantly different. And some of these minerals were significantly correlated with food and nutrient intakes. Especially hair magnesium was significantly correlated with total clinical symptom score. Therefore, hair mineral levels would be needed for more systematic study elucidating potentiality as a useful clinical tool.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제3권3호
• /
• pp.212-219
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to investigate the association between hair mineral levels and nutrient intakes, age, and BMI in female adults who visited a woman's clinic located in Seoul. Dietary intakes were assessed by food frequency questionnaire and mineral levels were measured in collected hairs, and the relationship between these was examined. The average daily nutrient intakes of subjects were compared to those of the KDRIs, and the energy intake status was fair. The average intake of calcium in women of 50 years and over was 91.35% of KDRls and the potassium intake was greatly below the recommended levels in all age groups. In the average hair mineral contents in subjects, calcium and copper exceeded far more than the reference range while selenium was very low with 85.19% of subjects being lower than the reference value. In addition, the concentrations of sodium, potassium, iron, and manganese in the hair were below the reference ranges in over 15% of subjects. The concentrations of sodium, chromium, sulfur, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with age, but the hair zinc level showed a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with age. The concentrations of sodium, potassium, chromium, and cadmium in the hair showed positive correlations (P < 0.05) with BMI. Some mineral levels in subjects of this study showed significant correlations with nutrient intakes, but it seems that the hair mineral content is not directly influenced by each mineral intake. As described above, some hair mineral levels in female adults deviated from the normal range, and it is considered that nutritional intervention to control the imbalance of mineral nutrition is required. Also, as some correlations were shown between hair mineral levels and age, BMI, and nutrient intakes, the possibility of utilizing hair mineral analysis for specific purposes in the future is suggested.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.256-262
• /
• 2008

This study was carried out to compare the hair mineral status of obese, over-weighted and non-obese individuals, to gather basic data for customizing menu development and to create an education manual for the obese persons. Food preferences or various disease states could be suggested by different mineral patterns in TMA(tissue mineral analysis). The results indicated that Zn status was considerably lower in the obese individuals than in the non-obese(p<0.001) whereas hair Na(p<0.0001), K(p<0.01) and Fe(p<0.05) were at significantly higher levels in the obese individuals. The ratio of Ca/K(p<0.001) was significantly lower in the obese than in the non-obese. But the levels of hair toxic minerals such as Sb, As, Hb, Al et al. were not differ according to BMI groups. The obtained data demonstrate the changes of hair mineral content in both overweight and obese individuals thus suggesting metabolic mineral disturbance in those groups.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제1권3호
• /
• pp.346-353
• /
• 1996

The anthropometric measurements, nutrient intake, concentrations of minerals in scalp hair and urine and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA) of 30 autistic children not taking psychoactive drugs and 30 nonautistic control children were determined. The autistic children were taking significantly lower amounts of vitamin A, niacin, ascorbic acid and iron. The intake of vitamin A, niacin, and iron in autistic children were found to be 22$\%$, 75$\%$ and 58 of RDA, respectively. The decreased anthropometric measurements in height and weight of autistic children seems partly due to lower intake of these micronutrients. The food intake in vitamin and mineral group of autistic children was significantly lower. It is probably related to decreased intake of fruit in autistic children. There was no toxicity of cadmium and aluminum in both groups according to their contents in scalp hair. Autistic children showed elevated levels of hair calcium and zinc but lowered levels of copper and iron. The urinary excretion urinary excretion of 5-HIAA.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.123-129
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study was performed to evaluate the dietary nutrient intake status and hair mineral content of Korean young children. Methods: Fifty-five children who visited Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were divided into three groups by age: infants, toddlers, and preschoolers. The 24-hour recall method was used to collect the food intake data of the subjects. Hair mineral analysis was conducted using a Mass Spectrometer. Serum iron, ferritin, and calcium were also measured. Results: The mean energy intakes of the subjects were 730.3 kcal, 994.3 kcal, and 1,482.9 kcal for each age group. The mean percentage of energy intake compared to recommendation was 101.4% and was not different by age group. Toddlers of 37.8% and preschoolers of 54.5% consumed less than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) of calcium. Infants of 28.6%, toddlers of 10.8% and preschoolers of 9.1% consumed less than the EAR of iron. In the case of zinc, copper, and selenium, only 0% to 5% of toddlers and none of the preschoolers consumed less than the EAR of those minerals. The hair calcium, iron and copper concentrations were lower in toddlers and preschoolers than those in infants. Serum calcium levels of preschoolers were significantly lower than those of infants, whereas serum iron and ferritin levels were not. Conclusion: Hair calcium, iron, and copper concentrations were significantly lower in toddlers and preschoolers than in infants. Insufficient dietary intake of calcium and iron seems to be related with decreased hair mineral contents in young children.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제38권7호
• /
• pp.544-552
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to examine the correlation among bone mineral density (BMD), hair and nail calcium and magnesium contents, and nutrient intakes in preschool children in Chungnam district. A total of 111 preschool children (61 boys, 50 girls) measured the anthropometric characteristics, the bone mineral density of carpus using DEXA and hair and nail calcium and magnesium contents were analyzed by ICP spectrometer. The average ages of the study subjects were 55.7 months in boys and 53.0 months in girls (3.8${\~}$7 years). The birth height and weight of subjects were 51.0 cm and 3.3 kg in boys and 50.3cm and 3.2kg in girls, respectively. The average height, weight, $\%$ body fat, and obesity index were 111.6 cm, 19.6 kg, $15.0\%,\;96.1\%$ in boys and 108.6 cm, 18.5 kg, $17.5\%,\;98.1\%$ in girls, respectively. The bone mineral density in carpus was $0.25 g/cm^2$ in boys and $0.24 g/cm^2$ in girls. The hair calcium and magnesium contents were 440.9 ppm, 16.4 ppm in boys and 373.2 ppm, 28.9 ppm in girls. The nail calcium and magnesium contents were 9.4 ppm, 2.1 ppm in boys and 10.4 ppm, 2.4 ppm in girls. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A. niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The ultradis and average carpus BMD were positively correlated to the plant calcium intake (p < 0.05, p < 0.05). And the ultradis, distal, and average carpus BMD were positively correlated to the plant iron intake (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, p < 0.05). The average bone mineral density in the carpus was positively correlated to the nail magnesium content (p < 0.05). Therefore, more systematic studies to investigate the roles of iron and calcium intakes, nail magnesium content in bone development of preschool children were required.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
• /
• 제7권
• /
• pp.221-230
• /
• 1989

본 실험은 장기간의 알코올 섭취가 수종의 무기질 함량에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 랫트를 공시하여 4% 및 25% 알코올을 28일간 자유 섭취시킨 후 간, 신장, 근육 및 피모내의 Zn, Ca, Cu 및 Mg의 함량을 원자흡광분광광도법으로 측정하여 보았다. 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. Zn 함량은 25% 투여군의 근육에서만 유의한 (P<0.01) 감소를 나타내었으며 피모에 있어서는 4% 투여군에서 유의한(p<0.10) 증가를 나타내었다. 2. Ca 함량은 4% 및 25% 투여군의 간, 신장 및 근육에서 유의한 차이가 인정되지 않았으나 4% 투여군의 피모에서는 유의한(p<0.10) 증가를 나타내었다. 3. Cu 함량은 4% 및 25% 투여군의 근육에서만 유의한(P<0.05) 감소를 나타내었다. 4. Mg 함량은 4% 및 25% 투여군의 근육에서만 유의한(P<0.10, P<0.05) 감소를 나타내었다.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.7-11
• /
• 1989

This study was designed in order to clarify the effect of ethanol drinking on the mineral contents on liver, kidney, muscle and hair. Forty-five rats were divided into 2 groups and a control group. The control group received tap water and the other 2 groups were given 8% and 40% ethanol as drinking source. Liver, kindney, muscle and hair samples were taken and analyzed for zinc, calcium and copper contents by atomic absorption spectrophotometric methods. The results obtained are summrized as follows; 1. The zinc content of muscle showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in both groups. 2. The calcium content of hair showed significant (p<0.1) increase in 8% ethanol group. 3. The copper contents of kidney and muscle in 8% ethanol group and liver in 40% ethanol group showed significant (p<0.1) decrease.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.100-109
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 성인 311명 탈모 모발의 19가지 미네랄 함량을 평균, 성별, 연령별, 모발의 화학적 시술 여부 등으로 나뉘어 분석하였다. 연구결과 모발 내 미네랄 원소의 평균함량은 모두 권장기준치 범주 안에 있었으므로 탈모에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났으며, 남녀간 모발의 미네랄 함량 분석 결과 영양원소 중 나트륨(p<.01), 칼륨(p<.01), 세레륨(p<.001)은 남성이, 칼슘, 마그네슘, 구리, 망간은 여성이 높게 나타났다. 독성원소의 경우 수은(p<.001) 비소(p<.01) 안티몬(p<.001)은 남성에게서 더 많은 함량이 검출되었다. 연령별 미네랄 함량을 분석한 결과 칼륨(p<.05), 철(p<.01), 망간(p<.05), 크롬(p<.01), 수은(p<.01)이 연령이 증가할수록 함량이 통계적으로 유의하였다. 특히 수은의 경우 50대 이상의 연령에서 축적함량(1.2904ppm)이 권장 참고수치(<1.1ppm)보다 초과하여 나타났다. 또 자연 상태 모발과 화학적 시술(펌, 염색) 모발 간의 미네랄 함량 분석 결과 셀레늄(p<.01), 납(p<.05), 알루미늄(p<.05), 비소(p<.01)등이 자연 상태 모발에서 함량이 높았으며, 칼슘(p<.001), 마그네슘(p<.001), 망간(p<.01)등은 염색이나 퍼머넌트를 한 모발에서 함량이 높게 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과를 토대로 미네랄 함량의 과다 축적 및 미달이 탈모에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않았으나 일부 중금속 경우는 남성들의 탈모에 다소 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 이러한 선행 연구를 바탕으로 한 다음 연구에서는 이 자료가 비교분석 기초 자료로 활용될 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제37권11호
• /
• pp.1422-1426
• /
• 2008

본 연구에서는 일반아동과 자폐아동 모발의 무기질, 유해 중금속 함량, 혈액의 자유라디칼 및 세로토닌 함량을 측정함으로써 일반아동에 대한 자폐아동의 특성을 연구하고자 하였다. 실험그룹은 $3{\sim}9$세 사이의 50명의 아동을 일반아동(22명) 및 어린이 정신과 의사에 의해 판정된 자폐아동(28명)의 두 그룹으로 나누었다. 일반아동과 자폐아동 간의 나이, 신장, 체중 및 식이섭취량은 두 군간 유의적인 차이가 없었으나, 모발 중 다량미네랄 함량을 측정한 결과 Ca, Mg, P 및 S는 일반아동이 자폐아동보다 다소 높게 나타났으며, Na 및 K는 자폐아동에서 일반아동에 비해 유의적으로 높았다. 또한, 모발 중 미량미네랄 함량을 측정한 결과에서는 Cu, Zn, Fe, Cr 및 Se는 일반아동이 자폐아동보다 높게 나타났으며, 특히, Cu, Zn, Fe의 경우 두 그룹 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내었다. Mn, B, Co 및 Mo는 두 그룹 간에 차이가 없었다. Al의 경우에는 자폐아동에서 더 높은 것을 관찰할 수 있었으나 유의적인 수준은 아니었다. 일반아동 및 자폐아동의 모발 중 유해중금속 함량을 측정한 결과 As, Hg 및 Be의 경우에는 두 그룹 간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 Cd와 Pb는 일반아동에 비해 자폐아동에서 유의하게 높은 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. 혈액 내 자유라디칼 함량은 자폐아동이 일반아동에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났으며, 세로토닌 함량은 일반아동과 자폐아동 간의 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과 본 연구에서는 식이섭취량을 단 하루만을 조사하였으나 향후에는 조사기간을 더 늘리고 식품섭취유형과 패턴 및 식행동 장애 분석 등 좀 더 다양하고 깊이 있는 연구가 진행되어야 할 것이다. 또한 자폐아동은 일반아동에 비해 모발의 일부 미네랄 함량은 감소, 중금속 함량의 증가 및 자유라디칼 생성이 증가함으로써 자폐아동의 행동 및 발달장애에 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 향후 연구에서는 자폐아동에게 부족한 영양소의 보충 및 중금속 해독 영양소를 섭취함으로써 자폐아동의 행동 및 발달장애의 개선 기능에 대한 연구가 시행되어야 할 것이다.