성교육 실시에 따른 성지식, 성태도 변화 연구 -1학년 여중생을 대상으로- (The Study on Change in Sex-Related Knowledge and Attitude through Sex Education : focusing on the 1st grade students in girls' junior high schools)
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- 보건교육건강증진학회지
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- 제16권2호
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- pp.137-155
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- 1999
The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of sex education on knowledge and attitude related to sex. The subjects were taken from by 199 students in 3 classes from 1st grade in H girl's junior high school as the study group, and 2 classes from 1st grade in S girl's junior high school as control group. During the survey period(September 21, 1998 to September 30, 1998), 6 times in terms of one-hour class for sex education were taught to the study group. A pre-test was executed on September 19, 1998 and the post-test on September 30. The findings were as follows. 1. According to the research, 20.1% of the subjects have experienced sex education from parents and 89.9% from teacher. They have mostly obtained the sex-related information from teachers(59.8%), following movie, radio, TV, or video tape(40.7%), friends(35.2%), reading materials such as books, cartoons, news papers and magazines(31.7%), parents(15.6%), siblings(7.0%), PC(1.5%) and telephone service(1.5%). 2. 27.1% of the subjects reported that they had sex-related worry concerning from friendship with the opposite sex, following physiological phenomenon(31.5%), sex violence(11.1%), physical characteristics(7.4%), VD and contraception(5.6%), sexual impulse(5.6%), pregnancy and delivery(5.5%), and sexual behaviour(3.7%). The research showed that the adolescents usually solved their problems through the consultation with theifriends(44.4%). However, 16.7% of the subjects were turned out not to request any solution. The other minor routes to settle their problems were written materials such as books, magazines(13.0%), parents(13.0%), movie, radio, TV, or video tape(5.5%), acquainted female elders(3.7%) and teachers(3.7%). 3. The most interesting part regarding sex was the friendship with the opposite sex(61.8%), following adolescent's emotion(55.8%), physiological differences between two genders(52.8%), AIDS(48.7%), VD(46.7%), pregnancy(45.2%), contraception(45.2%), abortion(41.7%), intercourse(41.7%), masturbation(41.2%), sex violence(41.2%) and genital structure and secondary sexual characteristics(28.6%). 4. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing sex-related knowledge, the higher educational career of mother, living with at least either parent and the experience of sex education by teachers were statistically significant factors(p〈0.05). 5. In regard to characteristics of the subjects influencing attitudes toward sex, the experience of sex education by parents or teachers was a statistically significant factor(p〈0.05). 6. The analysis of knowledge score comparing results before and after sex education showed that control group's score decreased from 12.5 to 12.44 while the study group's score increased from 12.33 to 21.31, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 7. The analysis of the attitude scores before and after sex education showed that the control group's score slightly increased from 55.57 to 56.36, while the study group's score increased from 54.79 to 61.95, which was statistically significant(p〈0.001). 8. The level of sex-related concerns of the study group after sex education marked both the increase in some items and the decrease in others. 9. Most instructive session among the sex education was the third “to be a good friend to the opposite sex”(27.0%).
경기도 군포시 및 수원시에서 축산지역과 영농지역 및 주거지역의 토지이용방식을 반영하는 14곳의 지하수 과측정을 대상으로 1997년 1원부터 12월까지 지하수 시료를 채취하여 지하수질의 화학성과 질산태 질소농도를 소사한 결과 지하수의 양이온 조성은 토지이용방식에 따라 큰 차이가 없었지만, 음이온 조성에서는 축산지역 소재 지하수의
Every year the number of the elderly increases in Korea thanks to the improvemen of social and economical levels and the development of medicine. However, many problems such as insufficent care and the isolation of the elderly have been commonplace. This trend exists not only because of increased lifespan but also the changing social structure of the nuclear family. Accordingly, inspite of the development of medicine, geriatric diseases including circulatory diseases are increasing in proportion of elderly population, as well as the severity. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that health care programs provide the best possible health care and functional capacities in terms of healthy elderly lifestyles. Especially, the phenomena of aging and geriatric diseases taking place with the elderly naturally are affected by lifestyle and the drastic changes in exercise patterns. This study aims to improve geriatric health by introducing a rhythmic movement program for the elderly to estabilish a health-promoting self-care system and by developing quality of life, perceived health status, their physical and physiological functions and emotional state. The theoretical framework used in this dissertation is derived from the Health-Promoting Self-Care System Model (Simmons, 1990), which integrates the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (Orem, 1985), the interaction model of Client Health Behavior (Cox, 1982) and the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 1987). As a quasi-experimental design, the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design is utilized for this study. The subjects of this study consist of 64 people, over 65 years old who live in 2 nursing homes for the aged located in S city , Kyong-gi province and volunteered for this study from July, 12, 1999 to September, 17, 1999. They are divided into two groups:33 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The experimental group particpated in the Rhythmic Movement Program at the nursing home, which was comprised of 45 minutes a session, 5 sessions a week during 9 weeks. In order to measure the results of the Rhythmic Movement Program, aspects of perceived health status, balance, flexibility, grip strength, leg strength, heart rate, blood pressure, depression, anxiety and the quality of life were measured before and after participating in the Rhythimic Movement Program for the experimental group after 9 weeks, as well as the control group. The collected data were processed by SPSS PC+ and analyzed by the X2 test, t-test, ANCOVA and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The perceived health status conditions in the experimental group show statistically significant improvement when compared to the control group (F=17.51, p=.000). 2. The physical and physiological functions, that is, balance (F=17.51, p=.000), flexibility (F=8.01, p=.006), grip strength (F=3.21, p=.018) and leg strength (F=25.78, p=.000) in the experimental group are higher than the control group. The vital signs, that is, the number of heart rate (F=.022, p=.884), systolic pressure (F=1.73 p=.193), and diastolic pressure (F=2.74, p=.103) in the experimental group compared to the control group decreased, but doesn't show statistically significant differences. Immune responses (F=5.13, p=.003) showed statistically significant increases in the experimental group when compared to the control group. 3. The emotional state are improved, that is, degree of depression (F=11.56, p=.001) and degree of anxiety (F=9.14, p=.004) in the experimental group showed statistically significant decreases. 4. The quality of life in the experimental group (F=3.03, p=.037) showed statistically significant differences compared to the control group. 5. The observations of the relationships among the perceived health status, emotional state , the quality of life, the relationships between the perceived health status, the degree of depression (r=-.653, p=.000) and the degree of anxiety (r=-.786, p=.000) were in contrary propotions, while the relationships between the perceived health status and the quality of life (r=.234, p=.008) were in direct propotion. In conclusion, the Rhythmic Movement Program used in this study for geriatric nursing care is simple and safe for application to the elderly and shows significant effects by implementing 5 sessions a week for 9 weeks. The Rhythmic Movement Program improves the quality of life, maintains as well as improves the physical and physiological fuctions and emotional state, therefore this program is strongly recommended for positive applications for independant geriatric nursing health care.
The purpose of this study was to provide the basic resources for developing a parish nursing program. We did this by investigating what demands were made on the parish nursing service by the parishes or churches under review. The subjects of this study were 96 pastors located throughout the City of Busan. NP (New paragraph)
목 적: 청소년기에는 수면양상의 많은 변화가 있다고 알려져 있으나 학업량이 많다고 알려진 한국 학생의 수면 양상은 아직 체계적으로 연구된 바 없다. 이에 저자는 전국적인 조사에 앞선 예비연구로서, 서울의 한 지역에 위치한 중학교와 고등학교를 조사하여 청소년들의 수면 양상과 학년에 따른 변화를 알아보았다. 방 법: 서울 강동구에 위치한 H 중고등학교에 재학 중인 학생들을 대상으로, 학년별로 두 반을 선택하여 남녀 각각 50명 내지 100명이 되도록 하였다. 주말을 포함하여 7일간의 수면 일지와 설문지를 작성하게 하였으며, 동시에 조사 당시 1개월 동안의 평일과 주말 평균 수면 양상을 숫자로 기록하도록 하여 771명이 연구에 포함되었다. 평일은 월요일 오전 9시부터 토요일 오전 9시까지로 하였고, 주말은 토요일 오전 9시부터 일요일 오전 9시까지로 하였으며, 일요일 오전9시부터 월요일 오전 9시까지는 따로 분석하고 그 독립성을 검증하였다. 통계학적 분석은 SPSS/PC for windows 7.0을 이용하였다. 본 연구의 유의수준은 p<0.01로 설정하였다. 결 과: 중학교 1학년부터 고등학교 3학년까지 평일의 취침 시간은 2327에서 0131로 늦어졌고, 평일의 기상 시간은 0714에서 0639로 빨라졌으며, 평일의 수면 시간은 7.73시간에서 5.10시간으로 감소하였다. 6개 학년에서 주말에 평일보다 평균 1.60시간 많이 잤으며, 고등학교 2학년과 3학년에서 그 정도가 더 심하였다. 주말의 취침 시간은 중학교 1학년부터 고등학교 3학년까지 2324에서 0129로 늦어졌다. 수면 효율과 수면 잠복기는 비교적 학년 별로 일정한 편이었다. 남녀 간에 큰 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 여학생의 경우 남학생에 비해 평일에 10분을 더 자고 16분 정도 일찍 자는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체 수면양에서 시기적으로 여학생은 중학교 3학년에서 고등학교 1학년 사이에서, 남학생은 고등학교 1학년과 2학년 사이에서 의미 있게 감소하는 차이를 보였다. 나이가 적을수록 응답률이 낮았다. 결 론: 외국의 연구에서 보고된 결과와 비교해 보면, 대상 청소년들은 적게 자고, 늦게 자고, 일찍 일어나는 것으로 보이며, 따라서 외국의 청소년에 비해 수면 양상이 더 불량하고, 보다 많은 수면 결핍을 경험하는 것으로 보인다. 이를 제도적으로 보완하기 위한 시책이 요구된다는 점에서 향후 광범위한 추가적 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. 중학교 1학년과 2학년의 어린 청소년의 경우 응답률이 낮은 것은 설문지의 형식을 제대로 이해 못한 것으로 추정되며 향후 연구에서 좀 더 통제가 필요할 것으로 생각되었다.
The purpose of this study was to examine factors influencing the meaning of life for middle-aged women. The subjects for the study were 190 middle-aged women who live in Busan. Data were collected from May 25 to June 20, 1999. The instruments for this study were as follows : the meaning of life scale developed by Jung D. R(1978) ; the self-esteem scale developed by Ro, E. Y, Kwon, J. H.(1997) ; the volunteer activity scale developed by Park G. J.(1999), the marital satisfaction scale developed by Choi G. Y.(1999) ; and the health status scale developed by Kim S. Y. (1991). SPSS PC+ was utilized for data analysis. Data were analysed according to frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Sheffe' s test and Pearson' s correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The reliability of the tools was tested by Cronbach's
연구배경: 주기성 사지운동장애(PLMD)는 여러 수면장애와 함께 공존하는 경우가 많으며, 특히 수면관련 호흡장애(SRBD)와의 관계는 밀접하다고 알려져 있다. PLMD는 반복적이고 상동증적인 사지의 움직임에 의하여 전기생리적인 각성을 일으키기 때문에 불면증과 주간 졸립증을 초래하므로 이에 대한 관심이 필요하다. 본 연구는 SRBD 환자에서 PLMD의 빈도를 조사하고, PLMD로 진단된 환자군의 특성을 조사함으로써, SRBD 환자에서 PLMD의 동반 이환에 대한 이해를 높이는데 있다. 대상 및 방법: 진단적인 수면다원 검사로 수면관련 호흡장애의 진단이 내려진 106명을 대상으로 이들의 수면기록을 후향적으로 조사하였다. 수면다원 검사의 기록과 판독은 표준적인 방법을 사용하였다. OSA 의 진단은 RDI가 10 이상인 경우 내렸고, UARS는 낮 동안에 심한 졸림증을 호소하고 수면다원 검사상 RDI가 5 이하이나 호흡노력의 증가에 이어서 짧은 각성이 반복되는 경우 내렸다. 수면중 주기성 사지운동장애의 진단은 주기성 사지운동지수가 5 이상일 때 내렸다. 자료처리는 SPSS/
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70