• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2004

The diseases caused by Xylella fastidiosa are associated with aggregation of the bacteria m xylem vessels, formation of a gummy matrix and subsequent blockage of water uptake. In the closely related pathogen, Xanthomonas campestris, xanthan gum is known to be an important virulence factor, probably contributing to bacterial adhesion, aggregation and plugging of xylem. Xanthan gum, produced by X. campestris, is an extra-cellular polysaccharide consisting of a cellulose backbone ($\bate$-1,4-linked D-glucose) with trisaccharide side chains composed of mannose, glucuronic acid and mannose attached to alternate glucose residues in the backbone. We had constructed a mutant of X. campestris lacking gumI gene that is responsible for adding the terminal mannose for producing modified xanthan gum which is similar to xanthan gum fromX. fastidiosa. The modified xanthan gum degrading endgphytic bacterium Acineto-bacter johnsonii GX123 isolated from the oleander infected with leaf scorch disease.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.140-150
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of job stress on oral subjective symptoms observed in office workers. A survey of office workers in the Gyeonggi-do area was conducted and data collected was analyzed using SPSS 21.0 program. The results showed that among the sub-scales of job stress, job insecurity, job demand, and positive organizational system had significant effects on dysmasesis (p<.01), gum bleeding and gum disease (p<.01), and halitosis (p<.05) as well as gum disease (p<.01), respectively. Therefore, it is considered that making an effective job stress management plan and predicting related oral subjective symptoms in office workers will help improve the oral health management of office workers and adult oral health management in general.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.97-98
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• 2023

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.463-469
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of chewing gum containing Prunus mume extract(PME) on the change of saliva ingredients. On the basis of the biological background of molecules and diagnostic indices in the use of saliva, the mastication effect of chewing gum containing PME was demonstrated in terms of secretory IgA concentration and total protein concentration in stimulated saliva. Methods: This study is an experimental research on the use of a research design before and after applying a randomized control group. Participants were distributed randomly to the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The experiment group was instructed to masticate the chewing gum containing PME for 10 minutes for one month after each meal within 30 minutes. Salivary secretion was collected by the participants between 8 and 10 a.m in the morning in the research office. For the measurement of secretory IgA and total protein concentrations in the saliva, indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used. Results: The salivation stimulation rate was significantly increased after four weeks of masticating chewing gum containing PME after each meal(p<0.001). Mastication of chewing gum containing PME for four weeks decreased the concentration of secretory IgA much more significantly than that after mastication for one week(p=0.003). The concentration of total protein in the saliva was decreased after four weeks in the experimental and control groups. Conclusions: Mastication of chewing gum containing PME stimulated salivary secretion and led to oral disease prevention in patients with xerostomia. Furthermore, it seems to be urgent to seek measures that can be utilized in intervention for patients with xerostomia.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.63-70
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• 2019

Periodontal disease as one of oral diseases is a chronic disease that continuously worsens once it occurs. It begins with gingivitis in the late school childhood. Its prevalence rate gradually increases in adolescence and continues to rise until young and middle ages. Therefore, the preventive care for the disease in one's whole life is of very importance. Since periodontal disease can be prevented and controlled by oral health behaviors, this study focuses on the relation between adults' oral health behaviors and the disease and emphasizes its importance. Based on the data of the 2015 6th (3rd Year) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence rate of periodontal disease was compared according to study subjects' oral health behaviors. As a result, gum disease treatment, the count of gum brushing, use of dental floss use of interdental brush, and subjective oral health condition were statistically meaningful. Given that oral health behaviors are related to periodontal disease, it is necessary to conduct a systematic study for developing and performing the oral health education program to make the right habit of oral health behaviors.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.233-239
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• 2010

The study of the elderly and poor oral status interpersonal relationships and smooth social life limited to give is the social alienation and isolation, promoting to having problems with a sense of the elderly subjective oral health status and social efficacy affects whether analyzed. 1. Subjective oral health status authoring feel healthy food disorders, toothache, periodontal problems, tmj pain, dry mouth, bad breath symptoms such as 'sometimes' 'often' than a 'no' if you appear to be a highly subjective and social efficacy Efficacy of oral health status and social influence were more (p<0.01). 2. Subjective oral health status of the seven kinds of sub-variable that oral health status, food authoring disorders, toothache, gum disease, jaw joint or more, dry mouth, bad breath instantly and look at the relationship between social efficacy oral health status, ability of mastication, pain in oral, gum disease, tmj pain, dry mouth, presence of halitosis than positive (+) was correlated.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2021

Background: Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a major dental inflammatory disease with a very high prevalence; it is the main cause of tooth loss. Therefore, diagnostic biomarkers that can monitor gum inflammation are important for oral healthcare. Since the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) adequately reflects changes in the periodontal environment, they have become a target for the development of effective diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis. In the present study, the level of the target molecules suggested as diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis were analyzed in GCF samples collected from healthy individuals and periodontitis patients. In addition, useful targets for the diagnosis of periodontitis were evaluated. Methods: GCF samples were collected from healthy individuals and periodontitis patients using absorbent paper points. SDS-PAGE and Coomassie staining were performed for protein analysis. The protein concentrations of GCF specimens were determined using the Bradford method. The levels of the target molecules appropriate for diagnosing periodontal disease were measured by ELISA, according to the manufacturer's protocol. Results: The protein concentration of GCF collected from periodontitis patients was 3.72 fold higher than that in an equal volume of GCF collected from healthy individuals. ELISA analysis showed that the level of interukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, metalloproteinases 2 (MMP-2), MMP-9, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), azurocidin, and odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) were higher in the GCF samples from the periodontitis patients than in those from the healthy individuals. However, the level of IL-6 and TNF-α were relatively low (> 5 pg/ml). The prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels were not significantly different between the two GCF samples. Conclusion: These results indicate that IL-8, MMP-2, MMP-9, azurocidin, and ODAM are potentially useful diagnostic biomarkers for periodontitis; combining multiple biomarkers will improve the diagnostic accuracy of periodontitis.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.893-907
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the related factors of dental caries and periodontal disease in adolescents from Korean multicultural families, thereby helping to reduce the prevalence rate of oral disease. Methods: The subjects were 710 multicultural adolescents recruited using a web-based survey, National 2015 Korean Youth Risk Behavior, from the Korean Center for Disease Control. A multicultural family was defined in this study as one having an immigrant mother or father. Oral symptoms included dental caries and periodontal disease. Toothache was defined as a symptom of dental caries. Tender or bleeding gums were defined as symptom of periodontal disease. For statistical analysis, Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21.0 for Windows was used. Descriptive analysis and a Chi-square test were conducted to determine the factors associated with general characteristics, health behavior, and oral health behavior. Finally, to investigate the associations among oral disease symptoms, logistic regression analysis was performed. Results: Toothache was significantly higher in female 1.52 (95% CI; 1.45-1.60), high school 1.23 (95% CI; 1.18-1.28), women school 1.10 (95% CI; 1.05-1.16), individuals with poor economic status 1.45 (95% CI; 1.30-1.52), and participants who consumed alcohol 1.32 (95% CI; 1.27-1.37). Toothache related to perceived health status was significantly lower in the healthy group 0.69 (95% CI; 0.64-0.75), and was higher in usual stress group 1.65 (95% CI; 1.57-1.74). Gum bleeding was significantly higher in female 1.32 (95% CI; 1.27-1.37), high school 1.15 (95% CI; 1.10-1.19), and individuals with poor economic status 1.38 (95% CI; 1.27-1.50). Gum bleeding related to perceived health status was significantly lower in the healthy group 0.68 (95% CI; 0.63-0.74), and was higher in usual stress group 1.54 (95% CI; 1.46-1.62). Conclusions: Taking into account of social and economic levels, and dietary habits in the multicultural families adolescents, further education and support will be needed for oral disease prevention and early treatment.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.45-55
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• 2003

From the study of the symptom, pathology in prescription of Ha-Tong from The Bangyakhapeun. I have reserched 163 prescription. It can be concluded as follows. 1. Prescription about Fecal disease which was the most as 11.66% of the whole, following order Internal disease(6.75%), Uterus Disease(5.52%) Sick-by-Cold Disease(5.52%), Eye Disease(4.91%), Blood Disease(4.91%), Unbalanced humoral status Disease(4.91%), Gynecologic Disease(4.91%). 2. The Fecal Disease divide diarrhea and dysentery; The Internal Disease divides with Sik-sang(食傷) Chu-sang(酒傷), Sik-juck-yu-sang-han(食積類傷寒), Carbonic acid, Vomiting acid; The Uterus Disease divides with Urinnary Disadvantage, Urinary retention, Incontinence; The Sick-by-Cold Disease divides with yang-myung-byung(陽明病), sang-han-goi-jng(傷寒壞證), sang-han-bun-gal(傷寒煩渴), sang-han-sum-ou, sang-han-hyul-jng(傷寒血證), sang-han-ja-ri(傷寒自利), sang-han-bun-jo-jng(傷寒煩燥證). 3. The Diarrhea and Dysentery many used o-ryung-san, hwng-gum-jak-yak-tang(黃芩芍藥湯) hyang-ryun-hwan(香連丸) etc, and The Internal Disease many used pyung-we-san(平胃散) as a basic prescripton. 4. The organ problem use the Sil-yuol(實熱) of the liver, stomach, lung, uterus, small intestine; six natural factors problem used the Sil-jng(實證) of the wind, fire, heat, cold, dampness; And used Unbalanced humoral status, lntrnal hurt, qi and blood, seven extream feeling.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.273-280
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• 2020

Upon investigating the dental health of teeth and gum, and the cleanliness of the oral cavity of female college students in the early 20's, it was reported to be that the number of cariogenic bacteria was heavily related to the acidity of saliva or ammonia. Also, cariogenic bacteria and ammonia was found out to be related with proteins (p<0.01), and ammonia, the synthetic product of cariogenic bacteria was heavily related to blood and white blood cells (p<0.01). To conclude, the healthiness of teeth was related to the acidity of saliva and ammonia, the healthiness of gum was related to blood, proteins and white blood cells while the oral hygiene was most likely to be related to ammonia. This result matched to the seven oral disease cause analyses of the saliva analysis apparatus (Sill-Ha ST-4910), which implied further utilization of this data to clinical implications. However, this study is limited to young personnel who does not have any chronic or general diseases; therefore further study is required to generalize this study.