• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.129-135
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• 2002

HM10411 is a recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rG-CSF) that has been developing as a drug for neutropenia. In this study, antigenic potential of HM10411 was examined by active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) in guinea pigs and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in guinea pig-guinea pig system. HM10411 was subcutaneously administered at 0,5, and 50 mg/kg and also as a suspension with adjuvant (50 mg/kg+FCA). Ovalbumin (OVA) as a suspension with adjuvant was used to induce positive control responses. In the ASA test, no symptoms except urination and evacuation that were considered as physiological phenomena were observed at 0 and 5 mg/kg. Two of 5 animals at 50 mg/kg showed sneering, dyspnea, or cyanosis. All animals in the adjuvant mixture group showed severe symptoms of anaphylatic shock and 3 of them died. In the PCA test, no antibody against HM 10411 was detected in the sera from the animals sensitized with 0 or 5 mg/kg. Only 1 serum sample from the animals immunized with 50 mg/kg showed positive reaction against HM10411, while all 5 sera collected from the HM10411 and FCA mixture group contained the HM10411-specific antibodies. These results suggest HM10411 is considered to have antigenicity In guinea pig.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.461-475
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol and stress on liver and buccal mucosa in guinea pig by immunological methods. Especially, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) which in oxidase during alcohol metabolism and bioactivator to carcinogen was used as an indicator in this study. 48 guinea pigs were used in this study. The experimental guinea pig were divided into three groups: The first was a group with giving alcohol-15%(v/v) ethyl alcohol, the second group was a with giving stress in the $0^{\circ}C$ water and the third was a control group. Every 4 guinea pigs of each group were sacrificed weekly-first, second, third, fourth week after experiment and extracted liver tissues and buccal mucosa. The liver tissues were observed by using immunoblotting technique (Western blot) and buccal mucosa were observed by immunofluorescence technique. The results were as follows: 1. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was amplified positive in the liver tissues at third week. 2. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was not detected in the buccal mucosa at any period.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.8
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• pp.819-827
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• 2003

Linoleic acid [LA; 18: 2 (n-6)] is the most abundant polyunsaturated fatty acid in human skin. The exclusion of LA from diet induces epidermal hyperproliferation, which is reversible by the inclusion of LA in diet, and hence, LA is heralded as an essential fatty acid (EFA). Since safflower oil (SO) has been widely recognized as the major dietary source of LA and Arctii Fructus (Arctium lappa L.) is recently reported to contain high level of LA, we compared the antiproliferative effects of SO and Arctii Fructus in this study. Epidermal hyperproliferation was induced in guinea pigs by hydrogenated coconut oil (HCO) diet for 8 wk. During following 2 wk, EFA deficient guinea pigs were fed diets of safflower oil (group HS), water extract of Arctii Fructus (group AW) or organic extract of Arctii Fructus (group AO). Normal control group was fed SO containing diet (group SO) and EFA deficient group was fed HCO containing diet (group HCO) for 10 wk. Epidermal hyperproliferation was reversed in groups AO (55.9% of group HCO) and HS(74.1% of group HCO). However, the thymidine incorporation into epidermal DNA of group HS was greater than of normal control group SO. Epidermal hyperproliferation was not reversed in group AW. The accumulations of LA into phospholipids and ceramides, and of 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HODE), the potent antiproliferative metabolite of LA in the epidermis of group AO were greater than of group HS. In contrast, the de novo synthesis of ceramides, the major lipids maintaining epidermal barrier, did not differ between all of groups. Together, our data demonstrate that organic extract of Arctii Fructus is more prominent than safflower oil in reversing epidermal hyperproliferation by inducing the higher accumulations of LA and 13-HODE in the epidermis of guinea pigs.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2012

Bee venom (Apis mellifera L., BV) has been used as a cosmetic ingredient for antiaging, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial functions. The aim of this study was to access the skin sensitization of BV, a Buehler test was conducted fifty healthy male Hartley guinea pigs with three groups; Group G1 (BV-sensitization group, 20 animals), group G2 (the positive control-sensitization group, 20 animals), and group G3 (the ethyl alcohol-sensitization group, 10 animals). The exposure on the left flank for induction was repeated three times at intervals of one week. Two weeks after the last induction, the challenge was performed on the right flank. No treatment-related clinical signs or body weight changes were observed during the study period. The average skin reaction evaluated by erythema and edema on the challenge sites and sensitization rate in the BV-sensitization group at 30 hours were 0.0 and 0%, respectively, which are substantially low compared with in positive control group (average skin reaction: 0.55, sensitization rate: 40%) and identical with in vehicle control group, representing a weak sensitizing potential. The average skin reaction and sensitization rate observed at 54 hours were 0.0 and 0% in the BV-sensitization group, respectively, and 0.25 and 20% in the positive control group, respectively. It was concluded that BV classified to Grade I, induced no sensitization when tested in guinea pigs and may provide a developmental basis for a cosmetic ingredient or external application for topical uses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.241-246
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• 1992

To clarify the requirement of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) in collagen synthesis, the incorporation of 1-$^{14}$ C-proline into the tissues of guinea pigs and the specific radioactivity ratio (proline/hydroxyproline) in collagen were investigated. Male guinea pigs maintained on the AsA-deficient diet were divided into three groups ; group A (AsA-deficient animals) : group B (control animals) supplemented with 5mg AsA/day ; group C (high dose animals) with 300mg AsA/day, and orally supplemented with or with-out AsA for 14 days. Collagen synthesis was estimated by measuring the incorporation of labeled pro-line into collagen in lung and dorsal skin, and the hydroxyproline contents in lung and skin. The AsA contents in the tissues were determined by high-peforrnance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and serum alkaline phosphatase activity was also measured. The serum alkaline phosphatase activity of AsA deficient group was very low as compared with those of AsA supplemented group. Incorporation of labelled proline into collagen and its specific radioactivity ratio in collagen increased with increasing levels of AsA in the tissues. There was a significantly positive relationship between the levels of AsA and hydroxyproline in the tissues.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.83-93
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• 1997

Rhizoma Coptidis, a traditional herb medicine, has been used in Korea and China for many centuries as a treatment for many disease. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of Rhizoma Coptidis on histamine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in guinea pigs and rats. Guinea pigs(500g, male) and rats(250g, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each guinea pig was cut into equal segments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force displacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine which evoked 50% of maximal response ($ED_{50}$) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine ($10^{-7}-10^{-3}M$). Contractions evoked by histamine($ED_{50}$) were inhibited significantly by Rhizoma Coptidis. The mean percent inhibition was 33.2% after 1.5mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis, and 69.5% after 5.0mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis in guinea pigs, and the mean percent inhibition was 25.3% after 1.5mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis, and 65.8% after 5.0mg/ml Rhizoma Coptidis in rats. Indomethacin ($10^{-7}M$) slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Rhizoma Coptidis. But propranolol and methylene blue ($10^{-7}M$) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Rhizoma Coptidis. These results indicate that Rhizoma Coptidis can relax histamine-induced contraction of guinea pig and rat tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves, in part, cyclooxygenese inhibitor.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.241-247
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• 2005

HM10760 is a recombinant human erythropoietin that has beer developed as a drug for anemia. In this study, antigenic potential of HM10760 was examined by active systemic anaphylaxis in guinea pigs and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in a guinea pig-guinea pig system. HM10760 was subcutaneously administered at 0, 2, and $20{\mu}g/kg$ and also as a suspension with adjuvant ($20{\mu}g/kg$ + FCA). Ovalbumin as a suspension with adjuvant was administered to induce positive control responses. In the active systemic anaphylaxis test, no symptoms except rubbing or licking nose and urination that were considered as physiological phenomena were observed at $0{\mu}g/kg$. Four of 5 animals at $2{\mu}g/kg$ and all the 5 animals at $20{\mu}g/kg$ showed cyanosis and lying on side. All animals in the adjuvant mixture group showed relatively mild symptoms such as rubbing or licking nose, urination, and evacuation. In the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test, 0/5, 3/5, and 5/5 serum samples from the animals immunized with 0, 2, and $20{\mu}g/kg$, respectively, showed positive reactions against HM10760. All 5 sera collected from the animals immunized with an adjuvant mixture contained HM10760-specific antibodies. These results suggest HM10760 have antigenicity in guinea pigs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.14-21
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• 1999

The immunogenicity of the recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rh-bFGF) was investigated by tests for active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), passive hemagglutination (PHA) and guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) in mice or guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were sensitized with rh-bFGF ($100-1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$) or rh-bFGF-CFA mixture ($1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$). All animals sensitized with rh-bFGF alone or mixture with CFA showed symptoms of anaphylactic shock. IgE antibodies to rh-bFGF were detected in sera obtained from rh-bFGF and rh-bFGF-Alum ($1000\;\mu\textrm{g}/kg$) sensitized mice, indicating that rh-bFGF has immunogenicity eliciting potential. IgG and/or IgM antibodies to rh-bFGF were also detected in all the sera obtained from sensitized mice by PHA. In the GPMT for delayed type skin reaction, no skin reaction was observed in sensitized guinea pigs after intradermal injection and dermal application of 0.01% rh- bFGF. However, these positive reactions were consistent with the results of another rh-bFGF, showing that rh- bFGF is a heterogenous protein to rodents. Considering the fact that rh-bFGF is a genuine human protein of which structure is identical to the endogenous human bFGF, it is thought that rh-bFGF is rarely associated with immunological problems in clinical use.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2000

Microsporum gypseum을 인공감염시킨 기니픽에서 terbinafine의 치료효과 실험을 위한 전단계 실험으로서 인공감염시킨 기니픽에서 M. gyspeum의 생물학적 주기를 조사하였는데, 이것은 인공감염된 후 효과적인 치료와 평가의 시기를 결정하기 위해 필요하였다. M. gypseum으로 인공감염된 기니픽의 생물학적 주기는 급성기 이후에 자연치유되는 것이 특징이었다. 증식기는 감염 후 5일부터 11일까지 지속되었다. 따라서 다음 번의 치료효과 실험에서 인공감염 당일부터 9일간 계속 terbinafine을 경구투구하고, 마지막 투여 다음 날 진균학적 및 임상적 평가를 하기로 결정하였다.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.193.2-194
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• 2003

Effect of phenylpropanoids on Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and phosphodiesterase (PDE) activities in the asthmatic lung tissue were studied in guinea pigs. Bronchial asthma were introduced by the challenge of aerosolized ovalbumin (OA) in the double-chambered plethysmograph at twenty one days after sensitization of OA in guinea pigs. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) were taken by brochalveolar lavage with HEPES buffer. (omitted)