• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.154-160
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• 1994

The antigenicity of the aqueous extract of red ginseng (ARG) was evaluated using the following assay procedures : 1. active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) in guinea pigs, 2 active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) in guinea pigs, 3 passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in guinea pigs, 2.active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) in guinea pigs, 3. passive cutanepous anaphylaxis (PCA) in guina pigs with serum for guina pigs sensitized with ARG and 4. passive hemagglutination (PHA) with serum from guinea pigs sensitized with ARG. 1. ASA : No anaphylaxis reaction was observed in any of the sensitized guinea pigs by elictitation with ARG. 2. ACA : No skin reaction was observed in sensitized guinea pigs after intrademal injection of ARG. 3. PCA in guinea pigs : PCA titer of sera from all the sensitized animals was less than 10 in eliciation with ARG. 4. PHA reaction : When eythrocytes coated with challenge antigen were added to sensitized sera, the hemagglutination titer was less than 1. These results suggest that ARG has no antigenicity under the conditions used. And the dose levels of ARG employed in the present experiment were confirmed not to suppress immune reactions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.1499-1507
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• 2000

This trial was to compare the digestive function of laboratory animals, which included omnivores (rats) and herbivores (rabbits, guinea pigs and hamsters). Ten weanling rats, rabbits, guinea pigs and hamster were randomly allocated in individual metabolic cages for a performance and a digestibility trial. Results showed that guinea pigs were significantly best in digestion of dietary crude protein and fiber. Rabbits, however, had the poorest nutrient digestion among the herbivores. Crude fiber digested significantly less by rats than by the herbivores (p<0.05). The digesta retention in the GI tract was longest in rabbits followed by guinea pigs, rats and hamsters. The relative length of the large intestine was significantly shorter in rats as compared to guinea pigs or hamsters. Both the weight and length ratio of the caecum or colon-rectum to the large intestine reflected the major site for fermentation that was the caecum in rabbits and the colon-rectum in guinea pigs. 10% of crude fiber diet did not result in damaged mucosa in any of the experimental animals in this trial.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2020

Objective: The appropriate function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis is essential for maintaining proper reproductive function. In female mammals, the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulates reproductive changes that take place in the estrus cycle and are necessary for successful reproduction. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of thymectomy on the estrus cycle in neonatally thymectomized guinea pigs. Methods: In this study, 12 female guinea pigs, six thymectomized and six sham-operated, were studied. The effects of neonatal thymectomy at 5-7 days of age on parameters of the reproductive axis were examined in female guinea pigs. Gonadotropin and 17β-estradiol levels were assessed at regular intervals (days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15) of the estrus cycle, and the time of vaginal opening in the thymectomized and shamoperated guinea pigs was determined. Results: Significant reductions in gonadotropins and 17β-estradiol levels during estrus cycle were found in neonatally thymectomized female guinea pigs compared to sham-operated guinea pigs. Conclusion: The results of this study underscore the importance of the thymus in the neonatal period for normal female reproductive function.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 1994

Aqueous extreact of fresh ginseng (AFG) was examined for the antigenicity in Hartley guinea pigs in comparision with ovalbumin (OVA). When guinea pigs were sensitized with AFG emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), these animals showed negative reactions in active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA), active cutaneous anaphylaxis (ACA) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) tests and passive hemagglutination (PHA) reaction. On the contrary, when guinea pigs were sensitized with OVA emulsified with CFA as positive controls, these animals disclosed positive reactions in ASA, ACA and PCA tests and PHA reaction. From these results, AFG was considered not to possess antigenic properties in guinea pigs. In addition, the dose levels of AFG empolyed in the present experiment were confirmed not to suppress immune reactions.

• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 1970

In order to assay one lot of the potency of tuberculin for intradermic use, four guinea pigs sensitized with heat killed M. tuberculosis were used by the method originally of the Agriculture Research Service Center(A. R. S.) and Bureau of Animal. Industry(B. A. I.) in the United. States of America in which guinea pigs were used on 21st day after sensitization. There is doubt whether the guinea pigs are sensitized or not. Therefore, this study has taken the method of Middle Brook-Dubos hemagglutination test, and observed the humoral hemagglutinating antibody in the blood. The results obtained are as follows. 1. The maximum titer of hemagglutinating antibody was demonstrated 30days after sensitizing the guinea pigs with killed tubercle bacilli. The maximum titer was continued for a period of 45 days and thereafter declined gradually. 2. The swelling and redness of the region of the sensitized guinea pigs was shown to be reached to the maximum size within 24 hours after intradermal inoculation with HCSM tuberculin and gradually reduced 96 hours after inoculation. The swelling and redness could not be detected by macro-observation after 14 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2003

In order to obtain information on murine model for foot and mouth disease virus(FMDV) type Asia 1, we studied whether guinea pig was a suitable model for studying FMDV. Apparently healthy 3 months old albino guinea pigs and unweaned 3 days old Swiss albino mice were used for this study. Total of 8 guinea pigs were divided into the infected(n=5) and control(n=3) groups. The incubation period of FMDV in the guinea pigs were roughly 2 days and the viremia persisted for 3 days in the guinea pigs. Mice inoculated with the plasma from control guinea pigs did not show any sign of viremia. The plasma were titrated by virus neutralization test using suckling mice as an indicator host. The mean virus neutralizing antibody titers of infected guinea pig at 3 DPI, 4 DPI and 5 DPI were log$\_$10/2.16, log$\_$10/ 3.39 and log$\_$10/ 3.44, respectively whereas there was no neutralizing antibody titer in control group. The difference between the mortality pattern and mean virus neutralizing antibody titer of infected and that of control group at day 3, 4, 5 were statistically significant(p<0.0l).

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.292-297
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• 1994

This study was conducted to investigate antigenic potential of DA-3030, a recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor, in guinea pigs and mice. In the active systemic anaphylaxis test, the guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone did not show any anaphylactic reaction. In the homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction, anti-DA-3030 antibody was not detected in guinea pigs sensitized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone. On the other hand, the guinea pigs sensitized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/heed of DA-3030 incorporated in Freund's complete adjuvant(FCA) or 1 mg/head of ovalbumin incorporated in FCA showed anaphylactic reaction. Anti-DA-3030 antibody was also detected in those guinea pigs. In immunodiffusion test using the sera sensitized with DA-3030 incorporated in FCA, precipitating antibodies were detected only in the sera sensitized with DA-3030 or DA-3030 incorporated in FCA showed. In 24-hour heterologous PCA reaction with sera of C57BL/6 mice immunized with 1.25 or 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 alone, none of the sera showed positive reaction. But sera of the animals immunized with 12.5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of DA-3030 incorporated in aluminum hydroxide gel(Alum) or 5 $\mu\textrm{g}$/head of ovalbumin incorporated in alum showed positive PCA reaction. DA-3030 did not cause anaphylactic shock or passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in guinea pigs and mice when given alone although DA-3030 incorporated in FCA or Alum induced anaphylactic shock and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. From these results, it may be concluded the DA-3030 does not induce systemic allergic reaction when administered alone in its clinical use.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.215-221
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• 2005

Canine coronavirus (CCV) causes a mild gastroenteritis in dogs. The virus is highly contagious. Although the virus was isolated more than thirty years ago, canine coronavirus infection continues to be a widespread problem. Mixed infections with both CCV and canine parvovirus (CPV) are common. Four kinds of commercial killed CCV vaccines are available in Korea. All the commercial vaccines should pass the National Assay for Veterinary Biologicals prior to release. For the potency test of CCV vaccine, it is necessary to use CCV antibody free dogs. The test requires not only kennels but high cost. To develop easy, efficient and economic potency test method for killed CCV vaccine using laboratory animals, a series of experiments with rabbits and guinea pigs were carried out in this study. In the preliminary test, the guinea pigs showed better immune responses than rabbits. The guinea pig was also easy to manage. So guinea pig was selected for the potency test animals. When the guinea pigs were inoculated twice with one dose of vaccine intramuscuarly each, slower and a little lower SN antibody titers were induced in guinea pigs than in dogs (about 2 kg body weight Beagle strain) given the same posology as guinea pigs'. It was concluded that guinea pigs could be substituted for dogs in the potency test of killed CCV vaccine.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.157-159
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• 1995

A study on antigenicity of HRccine (formalin inactivated HFRS virus vaccine) was investigated in guinea pigs and mice. As a part of the safety evaluation of the HRccine, antigenicity tests were carried out according to the Estabilish Regulations of National Institute of Safety Research. In active systemic anaphylaxis (ASA) test no sign was detected when sensitized with up to 120 clinical dose and challenged with up to 1200 clinical dose in guinea pigs. In passive systemic anaphylaxis test guinea pigs showed no sign. In passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) test, HRccine specific IgE antibody was not detected when sensitized and challenged with up to 1200 clinical dose. Conclusively, there was no adverse antigenic potential at the clinical dose of 120 clinical dose alone and 120 clinical dose with Al(OH)3.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 1991

Guinea pigs were administrated with T-2 toxin at a rate of 1 and 0.6mg/kg body weight per day for 21 days to study the immunological and pathological effects of T-2 toxin in guinea pigs. Blood was collected before T-2 treatment and on days 7, 14 and 21 of the trial for hematological and biological examinations and for the mitogen assay using lymphocytes. Myeloid: erythroid ratios were examined from the fernur bone marrow samples taken a day before T-2 toxin treatment began, on day 12 and at death. Guinea pigs received with 1mg/kg body weight of T-2 toxin daily showed leukopenic, lymphopenic and anemic signs on day 7 and 14. The mitogenic responses to the T-cell mitogen, Concanavalin A and B-cell mitogens, lipopolysaccharide were significantly depressed on day 7. Histologically, marked cellular damages including karyorrhexis and depletion of lymphocytes were observed in the actively dividing cells of the gastrointestinal tract, lymph node, spleen and bone marrow of guinea pigs.