• Title/Summary/Keyword: guiding point

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An Assessment of Flood Mitigation Policies Integrated in Local Comprehensive Plans: The Case of Florida in the United States (지자체 도시기본계획의 홍수예방정책 평가: 미국 플로리다 사례를 중심으로)

  • Kang, Jung Eun
    • Journal of Environmental Policy
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    • v.11 no.4
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    • pp.59-84
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    • 2012
  • 'Planning researchers' believe that losses from floods can be reduced if governments address this issue and adopt appropriate policies in their plan. As a starting point for examining this idea, this research assessed the ability of local government to incorporate flood mitigation policies in their local comprehensive plans using plan quality evaluation methodology. This study analyzed 53 local comprehensive plans in Florida against the protocol developed by including key flood mitigation policies. While flood mitigation through land use management tools, such as permitted land use in floodplain areas and wetland permit, gained widespread acceptance at the local level in Florida, incentive based tools/taxing tools and acquisition tools were rarely adopted. Study results show that 53 local plans in the sample received a mean score for total flood mitigation policy quality of 38.55, which represents 35.69 % of the total possible points. These findings indicate that there is still considerable room for improvement by local governments on flood issues. The scores of local plans varied widely, with coastal communities receiving significantly higher scores than non-coastal communities. Because the concept of the plan quality and its methodology offer an objective and straightforward tool for studying plan quality and guiding plan preparation, they can be applied to various environmental and hazard issues in Korea.

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TREATMENT OF ECTOPICALLY ERUPTING FIRST PERMANENT MOLAR IN CHRONIC MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA (전신 질환을 동반한 환아에서 나타난 제1대구치 이소맹출의 처치)

  • Kim, Hyun-Jung;Kim, Min-Jeong;Noh, Hong-Seok;Kim, Shin;Jeong, Tae-Sung
    • The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.33-37
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    • 2011
  • The ectopic eruption is defined as abnormal eruption which gives to displacement of the teeth and abnormal root resorption of adjacent teeth. The prevalence of ectopic eruption is reported to vary 2~6%, most of them are in the maxilla. Etiologic factors include narrow maxilla, large maxillary teeth, inclined eruption path of the first molar, retruded position of the maxilla and hereditary factor. Irreversible ectopic eruption where the second primary molar is lost often causes mesial tipping and rotation of the permanent molar, unfavorable occlusion and space deficiency for the second premolar. Ectopically erupted teeth should be treated early to maintain normal development of the dentition, harmony of facial growth and occlusal support. The method of the treatment are classified as follows : appliances that is positioned at the contact point for unlocking and the distal movement, fixed appliance that is connected to more than one tooth, and occlusion guiding method after disking or extraction of the second deciduous molar. A case report of a patient with bilaterally ectopic eruption of maxilla and mandible first permanent molar was present. Also, the patient who had experienced the chronic myelogenous leukemia, show various dental developmental complications. The ectopic eruption was treated with a Halterman appliance that was a effective way of correcting of ectopic eruption of the permanent first molar.

A study on the pedagogical consideration of the related knowledge for teaching 'Approximation' conception (근사개념 지도를 위한 관련 지식의 교수학적 고찰)

  • Chung, Young-Woo;Lee, Mok-Hwa;Kim, Boo-Yoon
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.137-154
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    • 2012
  • Approximation' is one of central conceptions in calculus. A basic conception for explaining 'approximation' is 'tangent', and 'tangent' is a 'line' with special condition. In this study, we will study pedagogically these mathematical knowledge on the ground of a viewpoint on the teaching of secondary geometry, and in connection with these we will suggest the teaching program and the chief end for the probable teaching. For this, we will examine point, line, circle, straight line, tangent line, approximation, and drive meaningfully mathematical knowledge for algebraic operation through the process translating from the above into analytic geometry. And we will construct the stream line of mathematical knowledge for approximation from a view of modern mathematics. This study help mathematics teachers to promote the pedagogical content knowledge, and to provide the basis for development of teaching model guiding the mathematical knowledge. Moreover, this study help students to recognize that mathematics is a systematic discipline and school mathematics are activities constructed under a fixed purpose.

Analysis of Space Functions of the Archway in the Red Gate Palace in the Mount Tai Scenic Area (타이산(泰山) 홍문궁(紅門宮) 패방(牌坊)의 공간 기능 분석)

  • Zhang, Meng;Kang, Tai-Ho;Tang, Shan-Shan;Yu, Dong-Ming
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.45 no.6
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    • pp.160-170
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    • 2017
  • As a monumental building in the form of an arch, an archway has the characteristics of praise and honor. More and more historic, cultural and social connotations are given during the development of history. Four archways that are located on the middle route of the Red Gate Palace in the Mount Tai Scenic Area were chosen for research. Based on a literature review and field investigation with a visual analysis method, the physical attributes, spatial scale, perceptions and functions of the archways were discussed. The results were as follows: The archways in the research area are all made of stone. According to building location, they are classified into two types: Cultural archway and temple archway. Regarding functions, they are divided into symbolic archway, memorial archway and portal archway. From the point of view of form and scale, the Confucius Boarding Archway enjoys a higher standard than the other three. This reflects the importance of Confucian culture on Mount Tai. Regarding spatial scale, the archway becomes the focus in a restrictive linear space by an object-to-object and person-to-object comparison. Visitor experience of crossing the archways is strongly enhanced as it acts as entrance and exit, and it has the function of guiding sight since the arrangement of the archways further extend the line of sight. Couplets and inscriptions on the archways increase a sense of expectation for visitors on their way to the top of Mount Tai.

The Transition of the Historical Landscape in Hangzhou, China - Focus on the Landscape of West Lake - (중국 항주(杭州)의 역사경관 변천과정 - 서호(西湖) 경관을 중심으로 -)

  • Pan, Xiang;Xu, Huan;Kang, Tai-Ho
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.32-43
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    • 2012
  • Hangzhou, in China, is a city that has a history as long as 2,300 years and is renowned due to its natural scenery of a beautiful lake surrounded by gentle green hills. This world wide famous scenery, known as West Lake(西湖), in 2011, was included in the World Heritage Landscape List. Though this place experienced enormous development and changes during thousands of years, historic sceneries did not disappear with the passage of time. In contrary, they are refined and increased attributing to protection efforts from past dynasties. Therefore, research in landscape transition is significant for building livable environment and preserving historical landscape. This paper mainly focuses on history transition of city Hangzhou. First of all, its urban construction and guiding ideology is analyzed. Then, deep meticulous research is carried out on development and preservation achievements for dynasty Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing. In the end, from a historical point of view, this paper will provide a new perspective which would contribute to sustainable preservation of historical landscape. From the Song Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, the West Lake through several times of the rectification and construction, the present landscape was completed during thousand years several times through the construction.

Development of a customized GPTs-based chatbot for pre-service teacher education and analysis of its educational performance in mathematics (GPTs 기반 예비 교사 교육 맞춤형 챗봇 개발 및 수학교육적 성능 분석)

  • Misun Kwon
    • The Mathematical Education
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    • v.63 no.3
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    • pp.467-484
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    • 2024
  • The rapid advancement of generative AI has ushered in an era where anyone can create and freely utilize personalized chatbots without the need for programming expertise. This study aimed to develop a customized chatbot based on OpenAI's GPTs for the purpose of pre-service teacher education and to analyze its educational performance in mathematics as assessed by educators guiding pre-service teachers. Responses to identical questions from a general-purpose chatbot (ChatGPT), a customized GPTs-based chatbot, and an elementary mathematics education expert were compared. The expert's responses received an average score of 4.52, while the customized GPTs-based chatbot received an average score of 3.73, indicating that the latter's performance did not reach the expert level. However, the customized GPTs-based chatbot's score, which was close to "adequate" on a 5-point scale, suggests its potential educational utility. On the other hand, the general-purpose chatbot, ChatGPT, received a lower average score of 2.86, with feedback indicating that its responses were not systematic and remained at a general level, making it less suitable for use in mathematics education. Despite the proven educational effectiveness of conventional customized chatbots, the time and cost associated with their development have been significant barriers. However, with the advent of GPTs services, anyone can now easily create chatbots tailored to both educators and learners, with responses that achieve a certain level of mathematics educational validity, thereby offering effective utilization across various aspects of mathematics education.

A Feng Shui Analysis of the Locations of the Main Buildings in the Palaces of Joseon Dynasty (조선시대 궁궐 정전(正殿)의 배치형식에 투영된 풍수구조)

  • Jung, Woo-Jin;Go, Je-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.18-39
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    • 2016
  • The study pertains to reviewing and discussing of the master plan of the main buildings in the palaces of Joseon Dynasty regarding on a Feng Shui concept that has been implemented on the palace axis that is originated from the main mountain. Gyeongbokgung (景福宮) Palace is located on the northwest coner of Hanyang (漢陽) and on the tip of the main mountain which is in contrast a quite distinguishable from the location of the Fobidden city in Beijing located in the middle of a vast basin. Changdeokgung (昌德宮) Palace as well is also located on the tip of Eungbong (鷹峯), a part of Samkaksan (三角山) mountain, of which the locations were designed for the palaces to receive the benevolent force from the main mountain. The same concept was also applied to appointing the ideal location of the maJor buildings such as Jungjeon (正殿: The throne hall), Pyunjeon (便殿: The king's office) and Chimjeon (寢殿: The king and queen's residence) in the palace that must receive the benevolent force from the qui stream also originated from the main mountain, as such that the buildings have in close relationship with the king. Amisa (蛾眉砂) had been considered as an important geographical milestone of the estate where the palace is located, especially as the guiding landmark for other buildings that must be on the land axis. The land axis with the Amisa as the starting point attributed the Feng Shui as an important measure that determines the location and the shape of other buildings. The buildings location was appeared as having the conceptual buildings location as 'front office-back bedroom building (前朝後寢)' and 'three gates-three sectors (三問三朝)' as per the Rites of Zhou (周禮). On both palaces, Amisa is located on the benevolent point of the land, and the king's bed room buildings are located near the Amisa. The main offices were located on the south of the king's bed room buildings. By practicing this type of concept, consequently the king can receive the pure benevolent force first. In the case of the clearly distinguished locations of the buildings in Gyeongbokgung Palace, Chimjeon, Pyunjeon and Jungjeon were located on the same main qui stream. However, in Changdeokgung Palace where scattered qui stream is observed, the buildings are located on the scattered qui stream. The study found that the type of location of Jungjeon receives least amount of benefit from the Feng Shui but reflects primarily the king's authority rather than order and formality of the space.

A Study of the Improvement of Clinical and Practical Trainings in the Education of Radiologic Technologists (방사선사(放射線士) 교육(敎育)의 임상실습(臨床實習) 개선(改善)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Lee, Man-Koo;Kang, Se-Sik;Yoon, Han-Sik;Huh, Joon
    • Journal of radiological science and technology
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.117-129
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    • 1983
  • This study, in order to improve clinical and practical trainings in the education of radiologic technologists, applies to 76 medical institutions of 91 ones which are used as the hospitals of clinical and practical training in 9 existing junior colleges except 3 new ones of 12 ones throughout all over the country from November 1, in 1982 to April 30, in 1983. And the purpose of this study is to research the percent conditions of basic practical trainings and clinical ones enforced in each college, and the percent conditions, equipments, contents, and opinions in clinical and practical trainings enforced in each hospital. The results are summarized as follows; 1. In the case of junior colleges in the whole country the curriculum of basic practical trainings averages 336.66 hours and the limits are between 120 and 510 hours. The actual hours in practice average 140 hours and the limits are between 60 and 240 hours, which correspond to 41.58% of the curriculum of basic practical trainings. 2. There were three junior colleges among nine that had a reserved hospital for clinical and practical trainings(only 33.33%). 3. The period of the practice was almost vacation in 4 junior colleges. The practice was conducted only for students to want the practice(44.45%), junior colleges that all students in them conducted the practice was 2 junior colleges and presented 22.22%. 4. In the field of students engaging in the practice, each field of radiation therapy and nuclear medicine presented 16.5%, 20.3% and almost students didin't have experience for the practice. 5. In medical institutions the educational institutions for intern showed 67.11%. Hospital with radiologist showed 26.32%. Radiotechnologist who had experience below 5 years presented 60.17%. 6. In the equipment for radiation diagnosis, each hospital had no difference. The number of hospitals passessing diagnostic equipments above 125 KVP was 56.26%. But radiation therapy equipment and nuclear medicine equipment had extremely low rate. 7. In the diagnosis of patient in the practice hospital, conventional radiography-to Skull, Chest, Abdomen, Skeleton, Urogenital system-reached the criterion. But special radiography was comparatively low. There appeared low rate, 32.89% in the field of nuclear medicine, 15.79% in the field of radiation therapy. 8. Students who carried out the practice were 1-89 students, days in practice were 1-30 days. There were differences in that point among among hospitals. Junior colleges conducting the practice were 2 colleges per hospital. Scope of the object were 1-8 junior colleges. 9. The practice conducted for the request of the colleges presented 72.37%, in addition, The prctices were conducted for growth of the younger generation and the same coperation with the colleges establishment of sisterhood with the colleges, relationship with students. 10. The practice conducted without the establishment of plan presented 59.21% The need for guiding book to the practice and evaluating was recognized over 90%. 11. In the relation between the practice with achievement of credit. There were big differences in opinion between hospitals-Group and the colleges-Group; hospital-Group had opinion that must follow achievement of credit with the practice. The colleges-Group had opinion that must conduct the practice after achieving credit. 12. After conducting the practice, in the practice leaders satisfaction degree dissatisfactory opinion presented the most rate 80.26%. Very much satisfactory opinion, as one hospital, presentd only 1.32%. 13. Both hospitals-Group and the colleges-Group had an opinion that the practice leader must have actual experiences, lectures and achievement, an opinion that actual experiences is over 5 years. 14. In the guide of human relation, cooperation, responsibility, courtesy to patients. Both hospitals-Group and the colleges-Group had an opinion that the guide must be involved in the period of the practice and must be instructed.

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Comparative Study between Mathematically Gifted Elementary Students and Common Students in Self-Efficacy and Career Attitude Maturity (초등수학영재와 일반학생의 자기효능감과 진로태도성숙과의 관계 비교)

  • Lee, Jung Hwa;Ryu, Sung Rim
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.63-80
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    • 2013
  • Reflecting the recent trends and needs of gifted education, this study set out to compare and analyze mathematically gifted elementary students and common students in self-efficacy and career attitude maturity, understand the characteristics of the former, and provide assistance for career education for both the groups. The subjects include 237 mathematically gifted elementary students and 221 common students in D Metropolitan City. The research findings were as follows: First, mathematically gifted elementary students turned out to have higher self-efficacy than common students at the significance level of .01 in the three self-efficacy subfactors, namely confidence, self-regulated efficacy, and task difficulty preference. The findings indicate that mathematically gifted elementary students have much confidence in themselves and strong faith in themselves, thus forming a habit of preferring a relatively high-level task by taking self-management and task difficulty into proper consideration. Second, mathematically gifted elementary students showed higher overall career attitude maturity than common students. There was significant difference at the significance level of .01 in decisiveness and preparedness between the two groups and significant difference at the significance level of .05 in assertiveness. However, there was no statistically significant difference in purposefulness and independence between the two groups. Finally, there were positive correlations at the significance level of .01 between all the subfactors of self-efficacy and those of career attitude maturity in all the subjects except for self-regulated efficacy and purposefulness, between which there were positive correlations at the significance level of .05. The mathematically gifted elementary students showed positive correlations between more subfactors of self-efficacy and career attitude maturity than common students. Given those findings, it is necessary to take differences in self-efficacy and career attitude maturity between mathematically gifted elementary students and common students into account when organizing and running a curriculum. The findings confirm the importance of providing students with various experiences fit for them and point to a need for helping mathematically gifted elementary students maintain a high level of self-efficacy and guiding them through career education with more appropriate career attitude maturity improvement programs.

Development of a smart cane concept for guiding the visually impaired - focused on design thinking learning practices for students - (시각장애인을 위한 길 안내용 스마트 지팡이 콘셉트 개발)

  • Park, Hae Rim;Lee, Min Sun;Yang, Ho Jung
    • Journal of Service Research and Studies
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.186-200
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    • 2023
  • This study aims to improve the usability of the white cane, which is walking equipment that most local visually impaired people use and carry when going out, and to contribute to the prevention of safety accidents and the walking rights of visually impaired people by providing improvement and resolution measures for the problems identified. Also, this study is a study on the visually impaired, primarily targeting the 1st to 2nd degree visually impaired people, who cannot go out on their own without walking equipment such as a white cane, corresponding to 20% among approximately 250,000 blind and low vision people in the Korean population. In the study process, the concept has been developed from the user's point of view in order that the white cane becomes a real help in the walking step of the visually impaired and the improvement of usability of the white cane, the main walking equipment for the visually impaired, are done by problem identification through the Double Diamond Model of Design Thinking (Empathize → Define → Ideate → Prototype → Test (verify)). As a result of the investigation in the process of Empathy, a total of five issues was synthesized, including an increase in the proportion of the visually impaired people, an insufficient workforce situation to help all the visually impaired, an improvement and advancement of assistive devices essential for the visually impaired, problems of damage, illegal occupation, demolition, maintenance about braille blocks, making braille block paradigms for the visually impaired and for everyone. In Ideate and Prototype steps, situations derived from brainstorming were grouped and the relationship were made through the KJ method, and specific situations and major causes were organized to establish the direction of the concept. The derived solutions and major functions are defined in four categories, and representative situations requiring solutions and major functions are organized into two user scenarios. Ideas were visualized by arranging the virtual Persona and Customer Journey Map according to the situation and producing a prototype through 3D modeling. Finally, in the evaluation, the final concept derived is a device such a smart cane for guidance for the visually impaired as ① a smart cane emphasizing portability + ② compatibility with other electronic devices + ③ a product with safety and convenience.