• Journal of Industrial Convergence
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.39-48
• /
• 2024

This study is a descriptive research study to determine the stress, resilience, and social support of nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients and the impact on post-traumatic growth. The survey was conducted on 179 nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients at a general hospital located in D City from July 19, 2021, to August 10, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 22.0. Post-traumatic growth showed a significant positive correlation with resilience (r=.499, p=<.001) and social support (r=.494, p=<.001). As a result of multiple regression analysis, prior knowledge about COVID-19 (𝛽=.142, p=.023), resilience (𝛽=.330, p =<.001), and social support (𝛽=.296, p =<.001) was a significant variable affecting post-traumatic growth. These results will be used as basic data to improve nurses' post-traumatic growth.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
• /
• v.46 no.3
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to find out optimum conditions for zinc crystalline glaze under variables of firing: maximum firing temperature, crystal growth temperature, temperature increasing speed, annealing speed, holding time at maximum temperature and holding time at crystal growth temperature. Ferro Frit3110, ZnO and Quartz were used as starting materials and tested by three component system. The best result of test was selected and extended to its vicinity as five glaze formulas. And then the specimens were experimented by variable firing conditions and analyzed by crystal appearance observation, XRD, FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. In result, main crystal was willemite in the zinc glazes. Some gahnite was detected in specimens which were fired at $1230^{\circ}C$, $1250^{\circ}C$ and $1270^{\circ}C$, however gahnite was not identified at $1300^{\circ}C$. Optimum zinc crystalline glaze was gained by following firing condition: temperature increasing speed $5^{\circ}C$/min, holding 1 h at $1270^{\circ}C$, annealing speed $3^{\circ}C$/min till $1170^{\circ}C$, holding 2 h at $1170^{\circ}C$ then naturally annealed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.834-842
• /
• 1998

This paper examines the crack growth behavior of 7075-T651 and 5052-H32 aluminum alloy under high-low block loading condition. The cantilever beam type specimen with a chevron notch is used in this study. The crack growth and closure ae investigated by compliance method. The applied stress ratios are R=0.15, 0.0, -0.15 and R=-0.15, 0.0, 0.15. The crack growth rate was found to increase as the load amplitude increases. However,${\bigtriangleup}K_eff$ was almost independent on the stress ratio. The experimental constants of 7075-T651 and 5052-H32 in Paris law were c`=1-1.3${\times}{10^-7},m`=3~3.2 and c`=4~6{\times}{10^-9}, m`=4.3-4.8$, respectively. $K_op$ of 7075-T651 and 5052-H32 becomes smaller as the stress ratio decreases. It seems that the crack closure affects $K_op$.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.202-206
• /
• 2008

Antifungal activity of Korean and Chinese lichen-forming fungi (LFF) was evaluated against plant pathogenic fungus of Colletotrichum acutatum, causal agent of anthracnose on hot pepper. This is the first attempt to evaluate antifungal activity of LFF, instead of lichen thalli, against C. acutatum. Total 100 LFF were isolated from the lichens with discharged spore method or tissue culture method. Among the 100 isolates, 8 LFF showed more than 50% of inhibition rates of mycelial growth of the target pathogen. Especially, Lecanora argentata was highly effective in inhibition of mycelial growth of C. accutatum at the rate of 68%. Antifungal activity of other LFF was in the order of Cetrelia japonica (61.4%), Ramalina conduplicans (59.5%), Umbilicaria esculenta (59.5%), Ramalina litoralis (56.7%), Cetrelia braunsiana (56.5%), Nephromopsis pallescensn (56.1%), and Parmelia simplicior (53.8%). Among the tested LFF, 61 isolates of LFF exhibited moderate antifungal activity against the target pathogen at the inhibition rates from 30 to 50%. Antifungal activity of the LFF against C. acutatum was variable at the species level rather than genus level of LFF. This study suggests that LFF can be served as a promising bioresource to develop novel biofungicides.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 2013

The presence of a crack can increase the local stress or strain, which can cause inelastic deformation and significantly reduce the life of a component or structure. Therefore, in this study, the fatigue crack growth (FCG) behaviors of friction stir welded Al 2024-T3 and Al 7075-T6 specimens were examined, with fatigue cracks growing parallel to the dynamically recrystallized zone at variable ${\Delta}K$ values and an R ratio of 0.3. In addition, the FCG values of the base metal Al 2024-T3 and Al 7075-T6 were tested under the same conditions and parameters as comparative groups. The results showed that compared with the base metal Al 2024 specimen, which had the best fatigue property, the welded specimen had only 88% of the fatigue cycles.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.141-154
• /
• 1996

Intrinsic layers of homoepitaxial InP grown by the hydride vapor phase epitaxy (VPE) technique were investigated by Fourier-transform photoluminescence(FTPL) and variable temperature Hall measurements. The effect of process variables (i.e., source zone temperature and inlet mole fractions of HCl and $PH_{3}$) on the backgroudn impurity levels was investigated. The background carrier concentration was found to decrease with decreasing source zone temperature and increasing HCl, but was relatively independent of $PH_{3}$ for the range of mole fraction studied. The presence of background donors and acceptors was clearly verified in the FTPL spectra, and the major impurities were tentatively identified as Si donors and Zn acceptors as well as some unidentified acceptors.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.57 no.6
• /
• pp.292-296
• /
• 2014

The deletion of the distal long arm of chromosome 1 is associated with a characteristic facial appearance and a pattern of associated malformations. Characteristic manifestations include a round face with prominent 'cupid's bow' and downturned corners of the mouth, thin vermilion borders of lips, a long upper lip with a smooth philtrum, a short and broad nose, epicanthal folds, apparently low-set ears, micrognathia, microcephaly, abnormal hands and feet, variable cardiac or genital anomalies, moderate to severe mental retardation, and growth retardation. Using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to map precisely the deletion, we present a case of chromosome 1q44 deletion with craniofacial characteristics, multiple congenital anomalies, and growth and psychomotor retardation. In comparison with other reported cases of 1q43-44 deletion, the subject does not show hydrocephalus, seizure, syn- or polydactyly of hands, and a urogenital anomaly. However, an arachnoid cyst, pinpoint dimple on the midline of the forehead, a right-sided supernumerary nipple and auricular pit, polydactyly of the right foot, adducted thumb, and flexion restriction of the proximal interphalangeal joint with a simian line in both hands were observed additionally.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.22 no.7
• /
• pp.931-936
• /
• 2009

Body weights of 862 Angora goats between birth and 36 months of age, recorded on a semiyearly basis from 1988 to 2000, were used to estimate genetic, permanent environmental and phenotypic covariance functions. These functions were estimated by fitting a random regression model with 6th order polynomial for direct additive genetic and animal permanent environmental effects and 4th and 5th order polynomial for maternal genetic and permanent environmental effects, respectively. A phenotypic covariance function was estimated by modelling overall animal and maternal effects. The results showed that the most variable coefficient was the intercept for both direct and maternal additive genetic effects. The direct additive genetic (co)variances increased with age and reached a maximum at about 30 months, whereas the maternal additive genetic (co)variances increased rapidly from birth and reached a maximum at weaning, and then decreased with age. Animal permanent environmental (co)variances increased with age from birth to 30 months with lower rate before 12 months and higher rate between 12 and 30 months. Maternal permanent environmental (co)variances changed little before 6 months but then increased slowly and reached a maximum at about 30 months. These results suggested that the contribution of maternal additive genetic and permanent environmental effects to growth variation differed from those of direct additive genetic and animal permanent environmental effects not only in expression time, but also in action magnitude. The phenotypic (co)variance estimates increased with age from birth to 36 months of age.

• Journal of mucopolysaccharidosis and rare diseases
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.5-7
• /
• 2016

Mucolipidoses II and III alpha/beta (ML II and ML III) are lysosomal disorders in which the essential mannose-6-phosphate recognition marker is not synthesized onto lysosomal hydrolases and other glycoproteins. The disorders are caused by mutations in GNPTAB, which encodes two of three subunits of the heterohexameric enzyme, N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase ML II, recognizable at birth, often causes intrauterine growth impairment and sometimes the prenatal "Pacman" dysplasia. The main postnatal manifestations of ML II include gradual coarsening of neonatally evident craniofacial features, early cessation of statural growth and neuromotor development, dysostosis multiplex and major morbidity by hardening of soft connective tissue about the joints and in the cardiac valves. Fatal outcome occurs often before or in early childhood. ML III with clinical onset rarely detectable before three years of age, progresses slowly with gradual coarsening of the facial features, growth deficiency, dysostosis multiplex, restriction of movement in all joints before or from adolescence, painful gait impairment by prominent hip disease. Cognitive handicap remains minor or absent even in the adult, often wheelchair-bound patient with variable though significantly reduced life expectancy. As yet, there is no cure for individuals affected by these diseases. So, clinical manifestations and conservative treatment is important. This review aimed to highlight the extra-skeletal clinical problems in ML II and III.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.165-176
• /
• 1982

A cephalometric radiographic cross sectional comparative study was undertaken to investigate craniofacial growth in cleft lip and palate individuals. The material for this study consisted of 43 subjects with operated cleft lip and palate.(29 males, 14 females). The range of age was from 6 years to 12 years. The roentgenocephalometric values of cleft individuals were compared with values of normal individuals reported by Lee. The following conclusions were obtained; 1) The pattern of cranial base of the cleft subjects was almost the same as that previously reported for the normal individuals. 2) Anterio-posterior length of the mandible did not show any significant difference but in the cleft subjects, that of the males was larger than that of the females. 3) The maxilla of the cleft subjects was very retruded and showed very concave profile. 4) Gonial angle of the cleft subjects was very high, especially in the female clefts. 5) The height of ramus was very poor in the cleft subjects. 6) The facial length was almost the same, but the facial depth of the cleft subjects was smaller than that of the normal individuals. 7) Maxillary and mandibular incisors were severely retroclined. 8) The range of values in the cleft subjects was very variable and the female clefts showed more distured growth than the male clefts.