• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.744-747
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• 2000

Pulmonic autograft replacement of the aortic valve(Ross procedure) has been to have potential for growth in children, no complication of antiocagulation, and enhanced durability. Therefore, Ross operation is indicated in the young, in patients with an active life style, and when anticoagulation is contraindicated. However, late autograft valve has occurrd more frequently in patients with significant size discrepancy between the pulmonay valve annulus and the aortic valve annulus. In order to resolve this problem, we performed aortic annuloplasty with Duran ring for more accurate and strong reinforcement. We report a case using the Duran ring as a method of aortic annuloplasty during Ross procedure.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2001

1994년 1월부터 1994년 12월까지 전라북도 군산시 하제 연안에 서식하는 개량조개의 성장을 조사하였다. 개량조개의 패각에 나타나는 윤문은 년 1 회 형성되며 주 윤문 형성시기는 8월에서 9월로 조사되었다. 초륜 형성기간은 15 개월 (1.25년)로 나타났다. 각장 (SL) 과 전중 (TW) 간의 관계는 TW = 2.2476 $\times$ $10^{-5}$ SL$^{3.536}$ 이었으며, 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 관계는 SH = 0.7545 SL - 0.0145 이고, 각장 (SL) 과 각폭 (SW) 간의 관계는 SW = 0.5336 SL - 2.4253 였다. 연령 (t) 에 대한 각장 (SL$_{t}$ ) 과 전중(TW$_{t}$ ) 의 Bertalanffy 성장식은 SL$_{t}$ =60.02[1 - e$^{-0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ], 이고 Twt = 43.63[1 - e$^{0.6458(t-0.3895)}$ ]$^{3.536}$ 였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.9-20
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• 2000

The purpose of thus paper is to provide the knowledge on preparing for the planting soil and planting method, and maintenance at the reclaimed seaside. Based on the collected data from the field work, the soil environment, the growth of height, inter-node, tree ring and roots of the two species had been analyzed. The determinant of soil factors, affecting the growth of trees, turned out to be six elements such as soil hardness, soil acidity, potassium, calcium, magnesium and total nitrogen. Because the variances of both growth of tree height and tree ring are greater than that of root, the growth characteristics of ground parts of the species by the individual tree species is more dynamical than those of underground parts. From the mean difference test the growth of height, root between Pinus thunbergii and Zelkova serrata, have been turned out to be statistically significant at 5 percent level. Pinus thunbergii is a sapling, so it grows faster than Zelkova serrata while Pinus thunbergii has better roots system than Zelkova serrata. From the correlation analysis, it showed the very strong correlation between tree height growth and potassim, while the lowest correlation coefficient was between soil hardness and potassim as 0.744. From the multiple regression analysis, both soil hardness and magnesium affect to the tree growth, soil hardness and potassium to the tree growth, potassium and calcium to the rot growth, respectively. Using this research results, we can be use the planting plan including revegetation, construction and maintenance of the reclaimed seaside. In the future, the planting method including the ground preparation and tree species selection for the reclaimed seaside should be accompanied in advanced through the soil survey and relevant analysis.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2014

We measured radial growth of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtusa growing in Gangneung, Boseong, Yangsan and Ulleung-do, respectively and analyzed its relationship with temperature and precipitation. We found from the result of tree ring counting that forest stands of Cryptomeria japonica in Gangneung and Boseong was 40 to 50 years old and 50 to 70 years old in Yangsan and Ulleung-do. According to climate change, the mean temperature in Gangneung was found to be $12^{\circ}C$ to $13^{\circ}C$ which was similar to that of Boseong and Yangsan 40 to 50 years ago. While the result of the radial growth measured from Cryptomeria japonica in Gangneung showed a slightly decreasing tendency compared to the other areas, Chamaecyparis obtusa showed an increasing tendency. In the case of Cryptomeria japonica, a strong negative correlation between radial growth and climate related variables including both mean temperature and mean precipitation existed in Ulleung. There was a strong negative correlation between radial growth and mean temperature for Chamaecyparis obtusa in Yangsan, although there was a positive correlation in Gangneung and Yangsan.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.121-127
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 신석기시대의 서산 대죽리 패총에서 출토된 말백합의 패각에 나타난 윤문을 판독하여 성장식을 추정하고 현재의 말백합 개체군과의 성장을 비교하였다. 패총 출토 패각의 수는 총 206개체였다. 각 연령군별로 각장과 윤경 간에 대응성을 보였고, 각 윤문군이 비교적 뚜렷이 구분되어 윤문판독의 타당성이 확인되어 판독된 윤문을 연륜으로 간주하였다. 패총 출토 말백합의 윤문은 2-5개까지 확인되어 2-5세군으로 구성되었음을 알 수 있었다. 패총 개체군의 성장식은 $SL_t=102.9025[1-e^{-0.18657(t+1.0906)}]$ 이었으며, 현생 개체군은 $SL_t=104.2583[1-e^{-0.2277(t+0.7499)}]$ 이었다. 각장 (SL) 과 각고 (SH) 간의 상대성장식은 패총 개체군 SH = 0.7791SL + 3.6636 ($R^2$ = 0.946) 이었으며, 현생 개체군은 SH = 0.8103SL + 0.5145 ($R^2$ = 0.991) 이었다. 두 개체군의 성장계수 (k) 는 차이가 없었고 (p < 0.05), 극한각장 ($SL_{\infty}$) 은 차이가 있었으나 (p > 0.05) 전체적으로 두 개체군의 상대성장식의 차이는 크지 않아 성장의 차이는 없다고 할 수 있다. 이는 두 개체군의 서식 환경이 비슷하다는 것을 의미한다. 따라서 신석기시대의 대죽리 패총이 형성될 당시 인근 연안의 해수온은 현재의 김제 연안지역과 비슷하게 높았을 가능성이 있는 것으로 추정된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.582-589
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• 2011

Bioconversion of timosaponin A-III (TA-III), one of the major steroidal saponins isolated from the rhizomes of Anemarrhenae asphodeloides Bunge (Liliaceae), was investigated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Five bioconversion products, denoted compounds 2-6, were obtained. Biotransformation metabolite 2 was a stereoisomer of TAIII with a specific isotype F-ring and ${\beta}$-ranged $CH_3$-21, which rarely occurs in nature. The structure of 2 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (H-H COSY, HSQC, HMBC), as well as by high-resolution mass spectral analysis. The growth inhibitory activity of compounds 1-6 was assayed against four human cancer cell lines, HepG2, H-1299, HT-29, and HCT-116. Compounds 1 and 2 obviously inhibited the growth of the four types of cancer cells with $IC_{50}$ values being less than 19${\mu}M$. A structure-activity relationship is discussed, and the spirostane-ring F in compounds 1 and 2 appears to be the critical bioactive moiety for the cell growth inhibitory property.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.203-213
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• 2011

The age and growth of flathead grey mullet, Mugil cephalus, were studied using samples collected from the coastal water of Yeosu from September 2009 to August 2010. Spawning season estimated from the gonadosometic index (GSI) was from November to January. A method for increasing the readability of the otolith was described and criteria for the interpretation of otolith was provided. The annual ring was formed in September once a year. Annual ring in otolith for flathead grey mullet is validated for fish aged 1-8 using the marginal increment analysis. Using the sectioned otolith, between reader precision was 84%. Also, Within-reader agreement for sectioned otolith age readings was higher (reader 1=84%, reader 2=87%). The relationship between fork length and total weight was TW=$0.022FL^{2.818}$. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters for the flathead grey mullet were $L_{\infty}$=67.97cm K=0.164/year and $t_o$=-0.81year.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

Six pine trees (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) at the Euilimji Lake Park in Jecheon were collected to investigate tree ages, growth decline pattern and the years of death. Tree-ring measurement was carried out using the Lintab with a resolution of 0.01mm. Tree age were 80-176 years. Cross-dating between the tree-ring series of each tree and the local chronology from Worak Mountain resulted that four and two trees died in 1998 and 1999, respectively. Three dead trees had only formed earlywood in the outermost tree ring and the others had incomplete latewood. Therefore, it was proven that the former trees died between spring and early summer, whereas the later ones died during late summer and/or autumn. The simultaneous deaths of trees suggest the insect damage and/or drought may be the crucial reason of the death, but frequent reaction woods, which were formed by leaning stem, and scars formed by physical damage may also contribute to the death.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2021

멸치의 연령 및 성장특성을 분석하기 위해 2004년에 남해 연안에서 채집된 개체들의 이석 506개를 분석하였으며, 윤문에 의해 결정된 연령과 채집시기를 기준으로 멸치의 월령을 추정하였다. 월령별 가랑이 체장을 이용하여 구한 성장 매개변수인 이론적 최대 체장은 132.9 mm, 성장계수는 0.1079/month였으며 체장이 0일 때의 이론적 연령은 1.0262월이었다. 이들 매개변수로 von Bertalanffy 체장성장식을 나타내면, L_t=132.9(1-e^{-0.1079(t-1.0262)})였다. 연륜과 채집시기를 통해 설정한 월령 기준의 성장 매개변수 추정은 우리나라 멸치의 성장특성을 파악하기에 적절한 것으로 판단되었다.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제30B권9호
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• pp.18-26
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• 1993

This paper presents a multiplier free technique for the complex DFT by rotations and additions based on the complex approximation of the ring of algebraic integers. Speeding-up the computation time and reducing the dynamic range growth has been achieved by the elimination of multiplication. Moreover the DFT of no twiddle factor quantization errors is possible. Numerical examples are given to prove the algorithm and the applicable size of the DFT is 16 has been concluded.