• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.52-58
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• 2012

Green cloud computing refers to the green ambient benefits that information technology services delivered over the Internet can offer for the society. The green meaning environment friendly and cloud computing is a traditional symbol for the Internet and a type of service provider. Cloud computing has drastically increased the number of datacenters and the energy consumption of data centers and that has become a critical issue which is extremely important in green ambience. These days the cloud data center needs high energy resources that leads to high operational cost and also maximizes CO2 - carbon footprint that pollutes the ambience which is not to be considered as green ambience. So we need to provide a way that leads us to green ambience. Cloud computing for the green ambience should be designed in a way which will utilize less energy resources and to minimize the CO2 -carbon footprint, known as green cloud. In this paper we discuss various elements of Clouds which contributes to minimize the total energy consumption and the carbon emission so as to enable green ambience through green cloud computing.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.2496-2512
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• 2021

The requirements for powerful computing capability, high capacity, low latency and low energy consumption of emerging services, pose severe challenges to the fifth-generation (5G) network. As a promising paradigm, mobile edge networks can provide services in proximity to users by deploying computing components and cache at the edge, which can effectively decrease service delay. However, the coexistence of heterogeneous services and the sharing of limited resources lead to the competition between various services for multiple resources. This paper considers two typical heterogeneous services: computing services and content delivery services, in order to properly configure resources, it is crucial to develop an effective offloading and caching strategies. Considering the high energy consumption of 5G base stations, this paper considers the hybrid energy supply model of traditional power grid and green energy. Therefore, it is necessary to design a reasonable association mechanism which can allocate more service load to base stations rich in green energy to improve the utilization of green energy. This paper formed the joint optimization problem of computing offloading, caching and resource allocation for heterogeneous services with the objective of minimizing the on-grid power consumption under the constraints of limited resources and QoS guarantee. Since the joint optimization problem is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem that is impossible to solve, this paper uses deep reinforcement learning method to learn the optimal strategy through a lot of training. Extensive simulation experiments show that compared with other schemes, the proposed scheme can allocate resources to heterogeneous service according to the green energy distribution which can effectively reduce the traditional energy consumption.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.656-669
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• 2017

Fair trade implies honest wages and eco-friendly products in keeping with the demands of ethical consumerism. Although consumers are presently more interested in fair trade products, it is hard to find aggressive marketing strategies for fair trade fashion products. Therefore, the purpose of this study investigates the effect of consumption propensity on fast and slow fashion goods consumption attitudes and purchase intention on fair trade fashion products. For method of this study, 229 questionnaires were distributed to consumers residing in Seoul, South Korea. The data from the 219 returned usable questionnaires was analyzed by Cronbach's alpha, factor analysis, regression analysis using SPSS 22.0. The results of this study were as follows: First, consumption propensities of spontaneity, histrionics, and imitative nature in descending order positively affect consumption attitude for fast fashion products. And green consumerism negatively affects consumption attitude for fast fashion products. Second, consumption propensity such as donation & sharing consumerism, ethical consumerism, green consumerism, histrionics, and imitative nature in descending order positively affect consumption attitude for slow fashion products. Third, slow and fast fashion products consumption attitude in descending order positively affect purchase intention on fair trade fashion products. Fourth, consumption propensities such as ethical consumerism, green consumerism, and donation & sharing consumerism in descending order positively affect purchase intention on fair trade fashion products. Therefore fair trade fashion products with various usages and sustainable high quality are promoted by differentiated marketing strategies.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.466-476
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• 2012

This study calculated monthly and sectoral (for industry, energy industry, transport, residential, commercial and public sectors) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of Seoul, Korea from 1999 until 2009 with following the IPCC 2006 Guideline for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories through an analysis on available monthly data of fossil fuel and electricity consumption for the period. The time series analysis showed that GHG emissions had significant cyclical pattern season by season with the highest peak in August and the lowest peak in January throughout the period. The analysis on monthly and sectoral energy consumption showed that residential, commercial and public sectors had emitted about 65% of total GHG emissions of Seoul and had consumed more energy in winter for heating. About 30% GHG of Seoul was emitted from transport sector but its monthly energy consumption showed irregular pattern and it consumed 80% petroleum (in 2009) of Seoul. Hopefully together with further study on this subject, it is expected that this study can be used as basic data for various research regarding Greenhouse gas baseline emission, energy consumption pattern and estimation for future GHG emission of Seoul.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

Building energy consumption generally depends on living patterns of residents and outdoor air temperature changes. Although outdoor air temperature changes effect on building energy consumption, there is no calibration method for the comparison before and after Green Remodeling or BEMS installation etc., Big data of building energy consumption are collected and managed by 『National Integrated Management System of Building Energy』 in Korea, and they are utilized for the development of a calibration method for individual buildings as shown as the calibration method for small-area building stocks in the previous research. This study aims to develope a calibration method using big data of building energy consumption of individual buildings and outdoor air temperature changes, and to propose application of appropriate calibration methods for individual buildings or small-area building stocks according to the calibration purpose and conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.15-26
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• 2018

It is difficult to check the exact building energy consumption reduction such as when green remodeling of buildings, because it is due to outdoor air temperature over the years. And in Korea although Big Data of building energy consumption is collected and managed through "The Information System of the Building Energy and Greenhouse Gases" it is underutilized because of non calibration of outdoor air temperature change. Therefore, this study aims to develope calibration method of building energy consumption by outdoor air temperature according to micro climates, and building use types. As a result of analysis, Regression equations of Building energy consumption and $HDD_m/CDD_m$ are derived and calibration method is developed by Regression coefficient.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.130-135
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• 2000

The characteristics of two different modes of perfusion culture, intermittent and continuous bleedings, were investigated by culturing the hybridoma cells producing von Willebrand Factor (vWF) monoclonal antibody (McAb) in a 15 L bioreactor without clogging the filter. Both culture methods exhibited similar profiles of cell density and metabolite concentrations during the culture period at the cell concentration of around 1${\times}$107 cells/mL. When the perfusion rate was increased, the intermittrnt bleeding culture showed problems of ammonia accumulation and decrease of cell viability. The continuous bleeding culture in terms of nutrient consumption and metabolite production kinetics. But the analysis of specific oxygen consumption rate showed that the specific oxygen consumption rate of intermittent bleeding culture was similar to that of exponential growth phase. The continuous bleeding culture showed higher specific oxygen consumption rate of intermittent bleeding culture. finally we proved the possibility of long-term operation of continuous bleeding culture and produced approximately 40 g of vWF McAb in a 15L bioreactor after one-month operation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.184-192
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate the perception and using behavior for the Green Tea by a survey. The subjects of this study were consisted of 43.1% of males and 56.9% of females in Daegu city and Gyeong-Sang Buk-Do Province. The main results are as follows : About 85.9% of the participants preferred the Green Tea owing to good for health but the others didn't like owing to not delicious. 51.1% of the subjects had one cup of Green Tea per day. The responses to the 13 questions of the Green Tea were measured on 5 point Likert scale. The item 'Green Tea is natural food' received the highest point but 'Green Tea is delicious' received the lowest. About one half of total subjects knew how to make the Green Tea and 40.4% of them learned the recipes from their mother. About 63.7% replied 'Increasing' prospects for the Green Tea consumption. About 53.7% said the plan should be 'made of good quality Green Tea' for the purpose of better improvement and extention of consumption.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.25-33
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• 2022

This study developed the black liquor evaporation process models using the multiple-effect-evaporator according to the number of effects to predict steam consumption. The developed models were divided into the black liquor preheating and evaporation processes, and a virtual reboiler was added to predict steam consumption. In simulation results, the steam consumption in the double-effect-evaporator was decreased by 48.9 %, and as the number of effects increased, the steam consumption was decreased. Finally, the steam consumption in the octuple-effect-evaporator was decreased by 61.2 %. Also, this study suggests a strategy for deriving the optimal number of effects in the process by analyzing the latent heat recovered from the saturated vapor produced in the multiple-effect-evaporator and the amount of saturated vapor produced by each effect.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.281-300
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• 2023

Recently, the call for better accountability and social responsibility from corporations has been regularly voiced, both in the academic literature and in public discussions. This poses a challenge to the existing literature in understanding consumption behaviors to direct them toward sustainable development. This study investigates the purchase intention of Gen Z consumers in Vietnam with green packaging products. Data were collected from 914 respondents by online questionnaire and then analyzed using OLS. The results suggest the significant influence of customers' income and packaging in driving customers' intention to use environmentally-friendly products. Specifically, consumers in a higher income class participate more actively in green purchases. However, problems associated with inadequate packaging are also illustrated, resulting in the poor perception of green messages and poor practice of ecological actions. Besides, subjective norms and green trust are found to be adversely related to green consumer intention. In addition, gender disparity in green behavior is reported, where female consumers show a higher tendency to ecological consumption than their male counterparts. Other demographic factors are also included in the model as control variables, which are age, education, price, environmental literacy, environmental concern, and psychological awareness, but they do not have a significant impact on green purchase intention.