• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

The behavior of aerosos due to gravitational coagulation was studied experimentally and numerically. In experimental study, the geometric mean particel size increased as time elapsed in a vertical tube column, while the size decreased when the tube was set horizontally. The particle size distribution was observed to maintain the lognormal form during the coagulation process. Separately, numerical calculations were performed for studying the aerosol behavior under gravitational and Brownian coagulation using the moment method. By comparing the expeimented results with the numerical predictions, the governing mechanism of the aerosol behavior proved to be gravitational coagulation.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.303-312
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• 1998

To obtain the solution to the time-dependent particle size distribution of an aerosol undergoing gravitational coagulation, the moment method was used which converts the non linear integro-differential equation to a set of ordinary differential equations. A semi-numerical solution was obtained using this method. Subsequently, an analytic solution was given by approximating the collision kernel into a form suitable for the analysis. The results show that during gravitational coagulation, the geometric standard deviation increases and the geometric mean radius decreases as time increases.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국대기환경학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.119-120
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• 1999

응집은 입자들간의 상대운동에 의하여 두 입자가 충돌하여 하나의 입자가 되는 것을 말하는데, 상대 운동을 유발하는 원인에 따라 중력응집(gravitational coagulation)을 비롯하여 브라운응집(Brownian coagulation), 난류응집(turbulent coagulation)등으로 나뉜다. 브라운응집 및 난류응집에 비하여 상대적으로 중력응집은 해석적으로 풀기가 어렵고 실험에 대한 연구가 국내외는 물론 외국에서도 전무한 실정이다.(중략)

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2000

반도체 제조공정 중 플라즈마 반응기 내에서 입자오염을 유발하는 입자들의 거동과 성장을 모델식을 사용하여 이론적으로 고찰하였다. 플라즈마 반응기 내에서 입자 거동에 영향을 미치는 힘들로 유체 대류, 입자 확산 및 외부힘 (ion drag force, electrostatic force, 중력) 등을 고려하였다. 플라즈마 벌크 영역에서 전하를 가진 입자들간의 충돌에 의한 입자 성장을 고려하기 위해 모델식에 입자 전하 분포를 고려하였다. 대부분의 입자들은 ion drag force와 electrostatic force가 균형을 이루고 있는 두 sheath 경계 영역에 존재하였으며 두 sheath 영역과 벌크 플라즈마에서의 입자 농도는 0에 접근하였다. 시간이 지남에 따라 입자 충돌로 인한 입자들의 크기는 증가하였으며 입자가 성장함에 따라 입자 표면적의 증가와 더불어 입자가 가지는 평균 전하량도 증가하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the coagulation and homogenization in bulking sludge thickening of paper manufacturing plant using DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) and gravitational sedimentation. The effects of parameters such as dosage of coagulant and homogenization time were examined. The results showed that DAF and sedimentation was affected aluminum sulfate and anion polymer coagulant differently. At the optimum dosage of aluminum sulfate, thickening efficiency of DAF and sedimentation process were increase 1.25 time and 2.02 time, respectively. At the optimum dosage of anion polymer coagulant, thickening efficiency of DAF process was increase 1.35 time, but thickening efficiency at sedimentation was 1.06 time. When anion polymer coagulant of 0.5 mg/l was added in DAF process, water content of sludge was decreased from 96.6% to 90.7% in dewatering process using Buchner funnel test device. After homogenization(20500 rpm, 10 min), Sauter mean diameter of sludge floc was decreased from 631 ${\mu}m$ to 427 ${\mu}m$, however increase of flotation efficiency by DAF was only 1.09 time.

• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2020

When rivers and lakes are contaminated with numerous contaminants, usually the contaminants are finally deposited on the sediments of the waterbody. Many clean up technologies have been developed for the contaminated sediments. Among several technologies dredging is one of the best methods because dredging removes all the contaminated sediments from the water and the contaminated sediments can be completely treated with physical and chemical methods. However the most worried phenomenon is suspension of fine particles during the dredging process. The suspended particle can release contaminants into water and resulted in spread of the contaminants and the increase of risk due to the resuspension of the precipitated contaminants such as heavy metals and toxic organic compounds. Therefore the success of the dredging process depends on the prevention of resuspension of fine particles. Advanced dredging processes employ pumping the sediment with water onto a ship and release the turbid water pumped with sediment into waterbody after collection of sediment solids. Before release of the turbid water into lake or river, just a few minutes allowed to precipitate the suspended particle due to the limited area on a dredging ship. However the fine particle cannot be removed by the gravitational settling over a few minutes. Environmental technology such as coagulation and precipitation could be applied for the settling of fine particles. However, the process needs coagulants and big settling tanks. For the quick settling of the fine particles suspended during dredging process magnetic separation has been tested in current study. Magnetic force increased the settling velocity and the increased settling process can reduce the volume of settling tank usually located in a ship for dredging. The magnetic assisted settling also decreased the heavy metal release through the turbid water by precipitating highly contaminated particles with magnetic force.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.85-98
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• 1987

중대사고시 LMFBR의 에어로졸(aerosol) 동특성을 살피기 위해 전산코드인 MCAD (Multicomponent Aerosol Dynamics)가 개발되었다. 사고경과에 따른 두 방사능원의 상대적인 충돌확률을 적용하여 에어로졸계를 모사할 수 있다. Brownian 확산과 중력작용에 의한 결합 및 제거과정을 고려했으며, 입자형태를 묘사하기 위해 밀도보정과 형태요소(shape factor)를 동시에 고려하였다. ORNL의 NSPP-300 계열 실험자료와 기존의 코드를MCAD의 입증에 이용하였다. 그 결과 MCAD의 계산치와 실험치 및 기존의 코드 계산값이 일치함을 보여준다. 여러 입력자료의 불화실한 값들을 정의하고, 그들값의 한계로 설정하기 위하여 불확실성 및 민감도해석을 수행하였다. 14개의 입력자료를 선택하여 실험계획법과 Latin hypercube sampling에 의한 입력자료를 조합하여 그 회귀 (regression) 정도를 반응표면 계획법(Response surface method)에 의해 구하였다. 각 변수들의 중요성 및 시간경과에 따른 그들의 상대적인 등위를 결정하기 위하여 단계식 회귀방법 (Stepwise regression method)을 고려했다. LHS에 의한 회귀모형에 Monte Carlo Method를 적용하여 계산값 및 변수들에의 신뢰도를 향상시켰다.