• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a curriculum model for fundamentals of nursing at the graduate level which reflects a consensus of educators and the students in Korean nursing society. Method: A survey was used with three groups to identify consensus on a curriculum model for fundamentals of nursing at the graduate level; 42 educators in fundamentals of nursing, 11 nurse educators whose major was not fundamentals of nursing and 70 nurses with a bachelor degree in nursing. Results: Consensus on a curriculum model at the graduate level were delineated from analysis of the survey, Based on these results, a curriculum model fur fundamentals of nursing at the graduate level is outlined: As one major area of nursing, fundamentals of nursing focuses on nursing practice based on basic human needs. Thus main focus of the curriculum for fundamentals of nursing at the graduate level is research performance and theory development on nursing interventions to meet basic human needs in clinical settings. Conclusions: A curriculum model for fundamentals of nursing at the graduate level suggests that its application may have a positive impact on development of distinct knowledge body for fundamentals of nursing that will differentiate the content of education for undergraduate and graduate levels of nursing. However, the suggestion for the curriculum model needs to be refined and developed for application.

• Publications of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.25-27
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• 2017

We are creating all-sky diffuse maps from the AKARI mid-infrared survey data with the two photometric bands centered at wavelengths of 9 and $18{\mu}m$. The AKARI mid-infrared diffuse maps achieve higher spatial resolution and higher sensitivity than the IRAS maps. In particular, the $9{\mu}m$ data are unique resources as an all-sky tracer of the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the original data suffer many artifacts. Thus, we have been developing correction methods. Among them, we have recently improved correction methods for the non-linearity and the reset anomaly of the detector response. These corrections successfully reduce the artifact level down to $0.1MJy\;sr^{-1}$ on average, which is essential for discussion on faint extended emission (e.g., the Galactic PAH emission). We have also made progress in the subtraction of the scattered light caused in the camera optics. We plan to release the improved diffuse maps to the public within a year.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.121-124
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• 2006

A novel quantum chemical molecular dynamics program, 'Colors' was developed to simulate the electronic structure of rare earth-doped phosphor materials as well as the destruction processes of MgO protecting layer in plasma display panel (PDP). We have also developed a quantitative prediction method based on Monte Carlo simulation technique to evaluate the electrical conductivity of insulators, semiconductors, and metals as well as the spatial distribution of electron density by Colors code. All these original simulators enable us to study theoretically a variety of materials related to PDP.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.123-127
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• 2018

Graduate medical education is the most important phase among the three stages of medical education. It links basic medical education and continuing professional development. It is also a critical period in acquiring meaningful knowledge, skills and professionalism. The residents should be able to develop the core common competencies on top of their specialozeds field's expertise, in order to function as independent and qualified physicians. Despite the obvious importance of graduate medical education, the system in Korea has been designed and executed to meet the needs of the hospitals in the perspective of manpower management, rather than to educate and empower the residents. As a result, graduate medical education in Korea lacks clear educational objectives and systemic, resident-centered curriculums. Yet, we have no accreditation body to evaluate graduate medical education programs. In order to normalize graduate medical education, an integrated and unified institution that manages the whole process of the graduate medical education is desperately needed. Special attention should be given to the role of medical schools in educating the core common competencies. The Korean Association of Medical Colleges, the Korean Institute for Medical Education and Evaluation, and the Korean Academy of Medical Sciences should cooperate intimately to establish a new organization for the systemic management and development of graduate medical education.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.1184-1186
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• 2009

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6353-6358
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• 2015

Background: To explore the safety, efficacy, and oncological outcome of 3-port laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) compared to open radical cystectomy (ORC) in patients older than 75 years. Materials and Methods: From June 2010 to July 2014, we analyzed 16 radical cystectomies in patients older than 75 years (LRC group=8; ORC group=8). Demographic parameters, operative variables, and perioperative outcome in the 2 groups were retrospectively collected, analyzed, and compared. Results: Patients in both groups had comparable preoperative characteristics. A significantly longer operating time (476 vs. 303 min, P=0.0002) and less estimated blood loss (627 vs. 2,106 mL, P=0.021) were observed in the LRC group compared to the ORC group. Infection and ileus were the most common early complications after surgery. Patients who underwent ORC suffered from more postoperative infection (22.2% vs. 0.0%, P=0.054) and ileus (25.0% vs. 12.5%, P=0.521) than the LRC group, but the difference was not significant. Conclusions: Judging from this initial trial, 3-port LRC can be safely carried out in elderly patients. We suggest 3-port LRC as the primary intervention to treat muscle-invasive or high-risk nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer in elderly patients with an otherwise relatively long life expectancy.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.167-191
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• 2011

Graduate University in Korea is independent graduate school which runs only M.A./Ph.D. course. This study aims to investigate the current situation of graduate university library in Korea, to grasp the problems and to examine how to improve it. Comparing the data based on several statistics with a related standard, graduate university library is very poor except a facility section. This current inferiority of graduate university library seems to result from poor financial fundamental of graduate university, and grow by imperfect laws and ordinances. To solve such problems, initially we need to satisfy the followings. First, we must establish or revise laws and ordinances concerned, and then a minimum standard should be presented. Second, we will lead university to reform voluntarily by improving university information disclosure. Finally, the effort and cooperation with related organizations is necessary.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1441-1444
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• 2008

We developed ultra-accelerated quantum chemical molecular dynamics and spectroscopic characterization simulators for development of PDP materials. By combination of these simulators, realistic structure of PDP materials is drawn on the computer. Furthermore, based on the structures, various properties such as cathode luminescence spectrum and secondary electron emission, is successfully evaluated. The strategy of "Experiment integrated Computational Chemistry" using developed simulators will presented that has the potential in being powerful tool for designing the PDP materials.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.237-243
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of toe wedges on the gait ability of adolescents with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. Methods: Six adolescents with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy participated in this study. During the participants walked with- and without toe wedges, the gait ability was analyzed using the electronic walkway system. Gait parameters, including velocity, cadence, step length, stride length, single support time, and double support time, were collected and analyzed. Results: When the participants walked with toe wedges, there were significant improvements in gait velocity, cadence, and double support time compared to those without toe wedges (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in step length, stride length, and single support time. Conclusion: Toe wedges may have a positive effect on the gait ability of adolescents with spastic diplegic cerebral palsy. However, it is necessary to conduct high-quality studies to identify the effects of toe wedges.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.51-57
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• 2016

The epidemiology of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PNENs) in Asia has been clarified through epidemiological studies, including one conducted in Japan, and subsequently another in South Korea. As endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has become more widely accessible, endoscopic ultrasound-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) has been performed in pancreatic tumors for which the clinical course was only monitored previously. This has enabled accurate diagnosis of pancreatic tumors based on the 2010 WHO classification; as a result, the number of patients with an accurate diagnosis has increased. Although surgery has been the standard therapy for PNENs, new treatment options have become available in Japan for the treatment of advanced or inoperable PNENs; of particular note is the recent introduction of molecular target drugs (such as everolimus and sunitinib) and streptozocin. Treatment for progressive PNENs needs to be selected for each patient with consideration of the performance status, degree of tumor differentiation, tumor mass, and proliferation rate. Somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-2 is expressed in many patients with neuroendocrine tumor. Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS), which can visualize SSTR-2 expression, has been approved in Japan. The SRS will be a useful diagnostic tool for locating neuroendocrine neoplasms, detecting distant metastasis, and evaluating therapy outcomes. In this manuscript, we review the latest diagnostic methods and treatments for PNENs.