• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2016

The necessity of remodeling performance grading system is getting increased for the systematic management of existing housing stock, providing the resident's right to know and promoting the remodeling projects. A quantitative and objective evaluation method that has reflected the characteristics of remodeling must be developed because there is an aspect of having difficulty of assessment by an ordinary person as remodeling performance contains specialized details while the difficulty of applying the criteria of new buildings in terms of assessment items, criteria and methods. Accordingly, this study sets the goal as setting up the development objectives of performance grading system that has considered the remodeling characteristics. This study has analyzed the various assessment systems related to the domestic apartments as well as setting up the organization system of the remodeling performance grading system, perspectives of performance assessment and scope of assessment through literature, etc. It has also established the principles for setting up the assessment items of remodeling performance grade to present the directions for setting up assessment items and criteria.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.284-293
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• 2023

Objective: To validate a simplified ordinal scoring method, referred to as modified length-based grading, for assessing coronary artery calcium (CAC) severity on non-electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated chest computed tomography (CT). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 120 patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 63.1 ± 14.5 years; male, 64) who underwent both non-ECG-gated chest CT and ECG-gated cardiac CT between January 2011 and December 2021. Six radiologists independently assessed CAC severity on chest CT using two scoring methods (visual assessment and modified length-based grading) and categorized the results as none, mild, moderate, or severe. The CAC category on cardiac CT assessed using the Agatston score was used as the reference standard. Agreement among the six observers for CAC category classification was assessed using Fleiss kappa statistics. Agreement between CAC categories on chest CT obtained using either method and the Agatston score categories on cardiac CT was assessed using Cohen's kappa. The time taken to evaluate CAC grading was compared between the observers and two grading methods. Results: For differentiation of the four CAC categories, interobserver agreement was moderate for visual assessment (Fleiss kappa, 0.553 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 0.496-0.610]) and good for modified length-based grading (Fleiss kappa, 0.695 [95% CI: 0.636-0.754]). The modified length-based grading demonstrated better agreement with the reference standard categorization with cardiac CT than visual assessment (Cohen's kappa, 0.565 [95% CI: 0.511-0.619 for visual assessment vs. 0.695 [95% CI: 0.638-0.752] for modified length-based grading). The overall time for evaluating CAC grading was slightly shorter in visual assessment (mean ± SD, 41.8 ± 38.9 s) than in modified length-based grading (43.5 ± 33.2 s) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The modified length-based grading worked well for evaluating CAC on non-ECG-gated chest CT with better interobserver agreement and agreement with cardiac CT than visual assessment.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.138-145
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• 2003

Performance assessment was introduced to improvement of self-directed learning and method of assessment for differenced learning as the seventh educational curriculum is enforced. Performance assessment is overcoming limitation about problem solving ability and higher thinking abilities assessment that is problem of a written examination and get into the spotlight by way for quality of class and school normalization. But, performance assessment has problems about possibilities of assessment fault by appraisal, fairness, reliability, and validity of grading, ambiguity of grading standard, difficulty about objectivity security etc. This study proposes fuzzy performance assessment system to solve problem of the conventional performance assessment. This paper presented an objective and reliable performance assessment method through fuzzy reasoning, design fuzzy membership function and define fuzzy rule analyzing factor that influence in each sacred ground of performance assessment to account principle subject. Also, performance assessment item divides by formation estimation and subject estimation and designed membership function in proposed performance assessment method. Performance assessment result that is worked through fuzzy performance assessment system can pare down burden about appraisal's fault and provide fair and reliable assessment result through grading that have correct standard and consistency to students.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 2003년도 ISIS 2003
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• pp.608-611
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• 2003

Performance assessment was introduced to improvement of self-directed learning and method of assessment for differenced learning as the seventh educational curriculum is enforced. Performance assessment is overcoming limitation about problem solving ability and higher thinking abilities assessment that is problem of a written examination and get into the spotlight by way for quality of class and school normalization. But performance assessment has problems about possibilities of assessment fault by appraisal, fairness, reliability, and validity of grading, ambiguity of grading standard, difficulty about objectivity security etc. This study proposes fuzzy performance assessment system to solve problem of the conventional performance assessment. This paper presented an objective and reliable performance assessment method through fuzzy reasoning, design fuzzy membership function and define fuzzy rule analyzing factor that influence in each sacred ground of performance assessment to account principle subject. Also, performance assessment item divides by formation estimation and subject estimation and designed membership function in proposed performance assessment method. Performance assessment result that is worked through fuzzy performance assessment system can pare down burden about appraisal's fault and provide fair and reliable assessment result through grading that have correct standard and consistency to students.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.55-66
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• 2010

The government is enacted "Housing Performance Grading Indication System" from qualitative housing supply policy and performance of housing under the background of looking for new plan to secure good housing stock and housing performance. This system consists of 5 main performance section, 14 performance categories and 20 detailed performance items. 5 main performance parts are sound insulation related grading(Light-weight impact sound insulation, heavy-weight floor impact sound insulation, noise emission in bathroom, airborne sound insulation for wall between units), Long-life housing related grading(flexibility, remodeling & maintenance, durability), environment related grading(landscape, indoor air quality and ventilation, energy performance), Living environment related grading(common resident facilities such as playground and consideration for the socially underprivileged such as the aged), Fire fire prevention grading(fire fire prevention). The purpose of this research is to analyze characteristics and assessment results of 20 detailed performance items on "Housing Performance Grading Indication System" which was enforced 240 cases from Jan 9th, 2006 to Sep 30th, 2010. The analysis of approval condition of detailed performance items will be important comments for understanding the current domestic level and development of technology.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.209-216
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• 2005

수행 평가는 평가자에 의한 평가 오류 가능성, 채점의 공정성과 신뢰도, 타당도 문제, 채점 기준의 모호성, 객관성 확보에 대한 어려움 등의 문제가 야기되고 있다 이런한 수행 평가의 문제점을 해결하고 교사와 학생의 수행 평가 결과에 대한 만족도를 높이기 위하여, 본 논문에서는 회계 원리 과목을 대상으로 수행 평가의 각 영역에서 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하여 퍼지 소속 함수를 설계하고 퍼지 규칙을 정의하여 추론을 적용하여 객관적이고 신뢰성이 높은 수행 평가 방법을 제안하였다 또한 제안된 수행 평가 방법에서 수행 평가 항목은 형성 평가와 과제 평가로 구분하여 소속 함수를 설계하였다. 제안된 퍼지 수행 평가 시스템을 통해 산출된 수행 평가 결과는 평정자의 채점 오류에 대한 부담을 줄일 수 있으며 학생들에 게는 정확한 기준과 일관성 있는 채점을 통해 공평하고 신뢰성 있는 평가 결과를 제공한다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2018년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.153-154
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• 2018

It is required that an evaluation method that can present the performance after remodeling to residents objectively as the increase in demand for remodeling. New construction is able to evaluate through housing performance grading indication system. However, there are some parts that are difficult to apply as assessment criteria of new construction in remodeling. The purpose of this study is to establish the assessment criteria direction for each item in remodeling performance evaluation. In conclusion, we set up institutionalized items for remodeling performance evaluation, and propose to assessment criteria direction based on the characteristics of remodeling on extracted items.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.21-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to diagnose the current states and the problems of student assessment of Elementary School Mathematics. For that purpose, this study conducted a survey and had the individual interviews. The surrey items consisted of the six main parts: questions about the development of assessment tools, the method to assess, the grading, the special supplementary courses, the opening of learning effect, and the follow-up guidances. The results of this study are as the follow First, elementary teachers depended heavily on internet sites for developing assessment problems. Second, elementary teachers made use of a performance assessment, a unit assessment, and a term examination at ordinary times. Third, unit assessment was largely referred for grading by elementary teachers. Fourth, in selecting the students for the special supplementary courses, both criterion-referenced assessment and norm-referenced assessment were considered. After finishing the special supplementary courses, additional tests were usually taken. Fifth, elementary teachers took a negative attitude in opening of learning effect. specialty opening of test paper to parents of students was done under 30%. Sixth, fellow-up guidances were the most through the classroom guidances. but consulting with parents of students was not frequently conducted by teachers.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

This study was performed to propose the sewer defect scoring, and grading protocols for sewer condition assessment. For this, sewer defect scoring methods were comparatively analyzed and reviewed for four international condition assessment protocols, which are established based on WRc manual. As a result, we proposed a new protocol for sewer condition assessment, in which characteristics of sewer pipes are considered by segment. In reference to the PIM-3, the extent of ground subsidence was adopted to be of importance, and renewal scores increased in accordance with weighting of defects causing structural backfill materials. Also, defect grades of 'Hole' were extended to 5 levels of the grading, and 'Surface Damage' was excluded in defect assessment. The addition of 'Buckling' resulted in reduction of weights in 'Surface Damage' and 'Lining Defects'.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.258-267
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to find out validity of Surface Electromyography(sEMG) compared with Nerve Conduction Study and clinical assessment scale as assessment factors for facial palsy. Methods: We investigated 50 cases of patients with peripheral facial palsy who had records of sEMG and NCS to check. Then we analyzed the correlation between sEMG and NCS that carried out around 1 week after onset. And we analyzed the correlation between sEMG and clinical assessment scales that were measured three times around 1 week, 3-4 weeks and 5-6 weeks after onset. Clinical assessment scales used in this study were House-brackmann grade, Yanagihara unweighted grading scale and Sunnybrook facial grading system. We used Pearson's correlation for statistical analysis. Results: sEMG and NCS, measured at similar times, were statistically correlated. Especially, the correlation with the forehead region was high. And sEMG and clinical assessment scale, measured at same time, were statistically correlated, especially after 5 weeks from onset. Conclusion: According to this study, sEMG is expected to be useful to assessment facial palsy.