• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.320-320
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• 2014

Amorphous silicon alloy (a-Si) solar cells and modules have been receiving a great deal of attention as a low-cost alternate energy source for large-scale terrestrial applications. Key to the achievement of high-efficiency solar cells using the multi-junction approach is the development of high quality, low band-gap materials which can capture the low-energy photons of the solar spectrum. Several cell designs have been reported in the past where grading or buffer layers have been incorporated at the junction interface to reduce carrier recombination near the junction. We have investigated profiling the composition of the a-SiGe alloy throughout the bulk of the intrinsic material so as to have a built-in electrical field in a substantial portion of the intrinsic material. As a result, the band gap mismatch between a-Si:H and $a-Si_{1-x}Ge_x:H$ creates a barrier for carrier transport. Previous reports have proposed a graded band gap structure in the absorber layer not only effectively increases the short wavelength absorption near the p/i interface, but also enhances the hole transport near the i-n interface. Here, we modulated the GeH4 flow rate to control the band gap to be graded from 1.75 eV (a-Si:H) to 1.55 eV ($a-Si_{1-x}Ge_x:H$). The band structure in the absorber layer thus became like a U-shape in which the lowest band gap was located in the middle of the i-layer. Incorporation of this structure in the middle and top cell of the triple-cell configuration is expected to increase the conversion efficiency further.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.285-293
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was aimed to develop evidence-based nursing practice guideline for preventing intermittent urinary catheterization (IUC) related complications using guideline remake process. Methods: Guideline remake process was conducted according to guideline adaptation manual developed by Gu et al (2012) which consisted of three main phases and 9 modules including a total of 24 steps. Results: Newly developed IUC guideline consists of introduction, overview of intermittent catheterization, summary of recommendations, recommendations, references, and appendices. There were 50 recommendations in 5 sections including assessment, equipments, catheterization, complications management, and education/consult. Three recommendations (6%) were graded A, and five (10%) and 41 recommendations(82%) were B and C, respectively. Conclusion: The IUC remade-guideline was developed based on evidence-based nursing and therefore, this guideline is recommended to be disseminated and utilized by nurses nationwide to improve the quality of care for IUC and to decrease the IUC related complications.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.40-52
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to develop an evidence-based nursing clinical practice guideline (PU CPG) for pressure ulcer prevention and management in Korea. Methods: The guideline adaptation process was used and conducted according to the guideline adaptation manual developed by Gu et al. (2012) which consists of three main phases and 9 modules including a total of 24 steps. Results: The newly developed PU CPG included the introduction, pressure ulcers, summary of recommendations, recommendations, references, appendices, and glossary. The total number of recommendations was 148 in 4 sections (organizational policy, assessment, pressure ulcer prevention and management, and education) and 16 domains. Of the recommendations 4.7% were graded A, 16.9%, B, and 78.4%, C. Conclusion: Results indicate that this new PU CPG is an evidence-based practice guidance for pressure ulcer prevention and management and can be recommended for dissemination and utilization by nurses nationwide to improve the quality of pressure ulcer prevention and management. Regular revision is recommended.