• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.371-380
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• 2012

Based on results using factor analysis, Women's definition of "Ideal beauty" can be materialize into four key factors, "Confident beauty", "Graceful beauty", "Lively beauty", and "Genuine beauty". Factor analysis was conducted to materialize Women's definition of "Ideal beauty"and the above four factors were representative of 56.31% of total variance. "Ideal beauty" defined by age category was also found significant difference, indicating existence of different "Ideal beauty "definition for age groups. Itemized age category's "Ideal beauty" definitions are as follows, 18-22 years, bright and lively, 23-27 years, cute and confident, 28-32 years, sensible and confident 33-37 years, hard-working, 38-42 years, ability and composure, 43-47 years, casual and graceful, 48-52 years, refined and noble, 53 years and above, healthy and proper as "Ideal beauty" definitions. The defined "ideal beauty" was steadily shifted with age group. Women 38 years and younger were defined external attributes to "Ideal beauty", as women 38 years and older were defined inner attributes to "Ideal beauty". Women's definition of "Ideal beauty" can materialize into four key factors, "Confident beauty", "Graceful beauty", "Lively beauty", and "Genuine beauty".

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.1 s.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 2004

The main focus of this study is to provide the interrelation about the defining fashion model image by the fashion trend since 1960. This is expressed as follows, First, in the 60s'; 1) Image of innocent dolly style, Jean Shrimpton 2) Image of sexual style, Celia Hammond 3) Image of art style with charicteristic mask, Peggy Moffitt 4) Image of immature boyish style, Twiggy. Second, in the 70s'; 1) Image of natural and intelligent style, Larun Hutton 2) Image of exotic style with black beauty, Imman 3) Image of graceful and sexal style, Veruschka 4) Image of glamour and sexual style, Jerry Hall. Third, in the 80s'; 1) Image of unisexual style with power, Grace Jones 2) Image of graceful and noble style, In`es de la Fressange 3) Image of healthy and sexy style, Christie Brinkley 4) Image of sexy style with good sense, super model. And fourth, in the 90s' and now; 1) Image of glamour sexual style with self-consciousness, Claudia Shiffer 2) Image of graceful style with dignity, Christy Turlington 3) Image of asexual and androginous style, Stella Tennant), 4)Image of Twiggy style with immature and slender, Kate Moss 5) Image of new glamour style, Giseel Bundchen 6) Image of new style with unique beauty, Amber Vaiietta 7)Image of exotic style, Devon Aoki 8) Extraordinary, image of various style. The result of thir study, fashion models image have played a role in transmitting the style of fashion trend in their relevancy. Anyway it can be said that fashion models imply figurative meanings of the fashion trend.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.61-73
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• 2002

The purpose of this study lies in pursuing the unique plastic arts with the orchid motif which has the graceful colors and a variety of shapes beauty. Another aspect of this study intends to crease the modern costume design with the high added value by expressing the texture according to the material and tissue development for the continual improvement and promotion of the modern costume design in the handicraft art area. The results through the theoretical survey and the work production are as follows : First, the orchid which has the various shapes and colors provides the designers with the unique plastic arts and the possibilities for the unlimited expressions as the design motives. Second, we can see the creation of cubic plastic beauty in the moving line, as the material which has the flexible and brilliant shape fixation, used for expressing the shape beauty of the orchid. Third, this study reveals the extension of expression areas as a characteristic of the plastic arcs by applying handicraft techniques such as dyeing, corded tuck, flounce, crochet, weaving, beads embroidery, and art flower to the costumes for developing the unique material and texture. Finally, the possibility is suggested that the desires of the moderns searching for their own individualities can be met by creating the costumes with the added vague as the exposure of esthetic consciousness through the handicraft expression techniques.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.99-112
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to create party wear of heroine Satine's image. This study analyzed the costume and its image of the film "Moulin Rouge" which the director Baz Luhrmann filmed the club 'Moulin Rouge' has existed in Paris, France. Catherine Martin, who got the Academy awards in movie costume and art director with this film, made the costume which was added more gorgeous and modern sense for the image beauty for costume in film from the costume design which appeared in the art work of Toulouse-Lautrec painted Moulin Rouge. In the costume form, S-silhouette robe with gored skirt was appeared as usual garment and gorgeous corset style costume which was outer garment like underwear exposed of the body, pleasant apolaustic and decorated excessively was appeared for costume design. Based on the above study, this study created the party wear of the graceful eroticism image and the prostitute eroticism image of heroine Satine. The costume design of Satine's image was planned along the character which was analyzed through this study.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-41
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• 2010

It is a universal phenomenon for people to establish ideal images of man according to a specific time, society and race. Thus, people have invested endless endeavor to reach the standard of ideal image. Especially, they made efforts to embody the ideal image of man as a perfect human image using appearance feature like a human body and clothing. Shi jing(詩經) is considered as a very valuable source book which reveals the life style, customs, thinking, ideas, and emotion of people of that period. The purpose of this study is to analyze the ideal image of man and woman which ancient Chinese pursued, focusing Shi jing(詩經). The results are as following. The ideal image of man is nice, handsome, dignified, generous and gentle. Besides, he should have adequate sense of humor, tall height. clear eye, broad forehead, moderate and upright behavior, outstanding horsemanship and marksmanship and braveness. Meanwhile, the ideal image of woman was described as gentle, decent, and graceful. Also, she should have tall height, light complexion, pretty hand, long neck, broad forehead, clear eyes, and charming black hair. The ideal beauty of woman included nobility and elegant personality in addition to the good physical appearance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.2 no.3 s.3
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• pp.44-59
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to find out proper evaluative words according to fashion image and to identify the correlation between clothing style and hair style related to fashion image. The questionnaire was used to collect data. 326 female aged between 23 to 40 were selected for the subjects of this study. The data were analyzed by frequency, factor analysis, pearsons correlation. The results of this study were as follows. 1. Evaluative words for each fashion image were selected by factor analysis. modern image intellectual, cold, urbane, simple, straight. elegance image : graceful, dignified, refined, decorous, luxurious. romantic image : cute, lovely, girlish, feminine, romantic. natural image : natural, comfortable, gentle, intimate, soft. casual image : energetic, active, free, cheerful, vivid. avant-garde image : experimental, strange, creative, avant-garde, irregular. 2. Correlation between clothing style image and hair style image ; clothing style and hair style was positively correlated. with the same image in case of modern, romantic, casual, elegance and avantgarde but natural image of clothing style was correlated with the natural, elegance, romantic, modern image of hair style. 3. The most suitable hair style for the clothing style according to fashion image : The clothing style of a particular image was matched best with the hair style of the same image.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.29-39
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• 2011

The purpose of this study provides a high consumer-oriented wedding dress on the consumer and offering the consumer-oriented product and provide a basis data to develop a wedding shops so it can stable and manage of effective marketing. Wedding shop for a survey of consumer preference, and based on this wedding dress designed and made. The results are summarized as follows. First, when wearing wedding dresses and "graceful and feminine" image that seek to pursue an image that showed the highest response, "simple and stylish", "cute and vivid" image was in order. In the survey of wedding dress preference, lace is preferred, in tone of color white is preferred by and large. In silhouette, A-line is preferred most, in neckline, exposure of the shoulder, in sleeve length, sleeveless, in decoration, beads. Second, on the basis of these results, depending on the image to pursue the design, wedding was made of 3 creations. The work I is a target of the early 20s, the concept "simple and stylish", and A-line is adopted in silhouette focusing on modern simplicity, soft satin material used of high class. The work II is a target of the late 20s, the concept "cut and vivid", and fit-and-flare made of many folded tulle mesh material. The work ill is a target of the 30s overall, the concept "graceful and feminine", and high-waist- empire-line is adopted in silhouette, splendid lace material used, is of the gorgeous and mature beauty.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.23-36
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to design and to produce actual high value added wedding dress comprised of the pear blossoms pattern(梨花紋), which is one of the traditional patterns which was not researched to this day, and of the Dang-$\breve{u}$i(唐衣) image which reflects our concept of beauty as if as a means of conducting empirical study for the application of traditional Korean patterns to the contemporary application. pear blossoms effectively signifie the image of beautiful bride thanks to the pure, graceful and clean image of white flower, both in the external and internal aspects. The Dang-$\breve{u}$i of the Chosun Dynasty, which is another motif is one of the representative clothing that expresses the beauty of the curve when it comes to the Korean culture as traditional wedding dress. Attempt was made to develop design for wedding dress that expresses the Korean style beauty that combined the tradition and the modern. Towards this end, the project was composed of the Korean-like Ewha, image of the Dang-$\breve{u}$i I, II and III to design three dresses. The Dress I presents the image of pure, elegant and beautiful bride, while Dress II represents the pure and city like trendiness of the Korean women today as bride. Dress III was made centered on the image of elegant, and chaste bride. As for the materials used, hand-woven silk and silk organza used for the traditional clothes. As for the ornaments, embroidery, quilted work, beads, corsage, burn-out and other techniques were used for expression.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.1-19
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• 2011

As modern society advances, women's self-consciousness and attitudes toward beautiful appearances have changed. Amid this trend, the young and slim body of adolescent girls expressed in contemporary fashion incites fantasy on continuing youth among women. In modern society, women's youth is frequently regarded as a subject of consumption and a sex product in the mass media. In this regard, the study is focused on examining desire and psychology of worshipping women's youth and beauty in connection with flapper fashion in the 1920s. In the process, the study took a look at the social and cultural background of flapper fashion and conducted an analysis on formative characteristics and aesthetic sense of flapper fashion as follows: First, the formative characteristics include a short skirt that expresses straight lined shape and the beauty of exposure, lighter clothing, thick make-up, short hair style and black or vivid colors, and they lead to exceptional and innovative aesthetic sense in flapper fashion. Flapper fashion style is focused on completely denying outdated fashion worn by women in the age right before. Second, pursuit of mature, graceful and classical beauty that had continued in previous ages has gone through complete changes in the flapper era in the name of pursuit of youth, and the flapper fashion expresses sensual image through the exposure of slim arms and legs of a young girl. In the formative characteristics, aesthetic sense of youth and sensuality inherent in the flapper fashion was generated. Third, women's free-spirited lifestyle at that time and 'aesthetic sense of freedom and amusement that reflected the speed of machine civilization could be found in the flapper fashion. Material and decoration of the flapper fashion pertained to clothing that enabled a free expression through rapid movements. Aesthetic sense of the flapper fashion generated in the process could be defined as women's internal determination to express individual and free-spirited ideas through the use of fashion when tradition and order of the old age were torn down. And this aesthetic sense is continuously affecting modern fashion design.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes of clothes phenomenon of the ruling class women on the Heian period of Japan in the aspects of politics, economics, society, culture, and religion. The findings of the study are as follows. The main characteristics of the Heian period of Japan may include a rare sense of internationalism, low sense of nationalism, and frequent cases of political intrigue. However, noble culture, centered on royal court, was flourished and it enabled to develop sophisticated and graceful culture. During the Nara period and the Heian period (from $8^{th}$ to $12^{th}$ century), there were enormous changes in the clothes, starting from the mid $10^{th}$ century. The clothes of the ruling class in the Heian period underwent changes from the imitative clothes-imitating the clothes of the Tang age of China- to Japanesque clothes-adding the aesthetic consciousness of Japanese ruling class people. Particularly, the clothes of the ruling class women became massive, majestic, and decorative. The changed clothes had also features such as layered look, utilizing underwear as outer garments, using a wide variety of colors, and using hard and solid materials to make clothes. It can be concluded that the clothes of the ruling class people in the Heian period were affected by plural factors such as national and international political situation, economics, society, culture, and religion. The clothes were used by ruling class people as means of expressing their noble and sophisticated beauty, which led to produce humanistic beauty. The Heian period can be described as an era of the highest reach of humanity.