• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.572-580
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• 2017

옥광(Okkwang; Castanea crenata) 밤송이 고형분의 phenolic 화합물의 함량은 물, 40% 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 11.24, $10.28{\mu}g/50{\mu}g$ solid로 측정되었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 물, 에탄올 추출물 $50{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 각각 85, 87%의 전자공여능을 나타내었고, ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 물, 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 100, 86%의 전자공여능을 나타내었다. PF에서는 물, 에탄올 추출물 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 각각 1.22, 1.45 PF를 나타내었고, TBARS는 물 추출물에서 83%, 에탄올 추출물에서는 73%의 효능을 나타내었다. XOase 저해 효과는 물, 에탄올 추출물 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 각각 54, 43%를 나타내었다. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 저해 효과는 $50{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 물 추출물은 95%, 에탄올 추출물에서는 96%의 저해 효과를 나타내었다. 미백을 나타내는 tyrosinase 저해 효과는 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 에탄올 추출물은 27%의 효능을 나타내었다. 주름개선을 보여주는 collagenase 저해 효과는 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 물, 에탄올 추출물 각각 93, 94%의 우수한 주름개선 효과를 나타내었으며, elastase 저해 효과는 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 에탄올 추출물은 56%의 효능을 나타내었다. 항염증 효과를 나타내는 HAase 저해 효과를 측정한 결과 $200{\mu}g/mL$ solid 농도에서 물, 에탄올 추출물에서 각각 96, 52%의 항염증 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 OCS 추출물은 항산화 활성, 통풍 억제, 항당뇨, 미백, 주름개선, 항염증 효과가 우수하므로 기능성 소재로서 사용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.547-594
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• 2000

I. Introduction The essence of Oriental medicine consists of ancient books, experienced doctors and succeeded skills of common society. Many famous doctors studied medical science by their fathers or teachers. So the history of medical science is long. $\ll$DangDaeMyeongIImJeungJeongHwa(當代名醫臨證精華)$\gg$ written by SaWoogWang(史宇廣) and DanSeoGeon(單書健) has many medical experience of famous doctors. So it has important historical value. Bi(痺) means blocking. BiJeung is one kind of symptoms making muscles, bones and jonts feel pain, numbness or edema. For example it can be gout or SLE etc. So I studied ${\ll}BiJeungJuJip{\gg}$. II. Final Decision Following decisions of Chinese doctors of 20th century are as follows ; 1. JuYangChun(朱良春) emphasized on IkSinJangDok(益腎壯督) to treat BiJeong. And he devided WanBi(頑痺) as PungHanSeup(風寒濕), DamEo(痰瘀), YeolDok(熱毒), SinHeo(腎虛). He used insects for medicine. 2. ChoSuDoek(焦樹德) introduced past prescription. He used ChiBiTang(治痺湯) to treat HaengBi(行痺), TongBi(痛痺), ChakBi(着痺). He insisted that Han(寒; coldness) and Seup(濕; dampness) be Eum(陰) and Pung(風; wind) can change his character to be Eum. After all BiJeung is usually EumJeung. So he used GaeJi(桂枝) and BuJa(附子). By the way he used ChungYeolSanBiTang(淸熱散痺湯) for YeolBi, BoSinGeoHanChiWangTang SaBok(王士福) emphasized on the importance of medicine. He introduced many treatments like CheongYeol(情熱) for YeolBi and YiO(二烏) for HanBi. And he divided BiJeung period for three steps. At 1st step, we must use GeoSa(祛邪), at 2nd step, we must use BuJeong(扶正) and at 3rd step, we must use BoHyeol(補血), he insisted. And he introduced many herbs to treat BiJeung. 4. JeongGwangJeok(丁光迪) said that GaeJi(桂枝), MaHwang(麻黃), OYak(烏蘖) and BuJa(附子) are very important for TongRak(通絡). And pain usually results from Han(寒), so he liked to use hot-character herbs. 5. MaGi(馬志) insisted that BiJeung usually result from ChilJeong(七情). And he liked to use insects for treatment of BiJeung. 6. WeolSeokMu(越錫武) introduced 8 kinds of treatments and divided BiJeung period. Also he divided BeJeung for PungBi(風痺), HanBi(寒痺) and SeupBi(濕痺). 7. SeoGeaHam(徐季含) observed many patients and concluded that 86.7% of BiJeung is HeuJeung(虛症). 8. YuJiMyeong(劉志明) said that YeolBi is important and CheongYeol is also important. So he emphasized on DangGyuiJeomTongTang(當歸拈痛湯) and SeonBiTang(宣痺湯). 9. WangLiChu(汪履秋) studied cause of WanBi. Internal cause is GiHyeolHeo(氣血虛) and GanSinHeo(肝腎虛) and external cause is SaGi(邪氣) he insisted. 10. WangSaSang(王士相) said that YeolBi can be SeupYeolBi or EumHeuYeolBi(陰虛熱痺) and HanSeupBi(寒濕痺) is rare. He use WooBangJaSan(牛蒡子散) and BangPungHwan(防風丸) for SeupYeolBi, DangGyuiSaYeokTang(當歸四逆湯) for HanSeupBi. 11. JinTaekGang(陳澤江) treated YeolBi with BaekHoGaGyeJiTang(自虎加桂枝湯) and SaMyoSan(四妙散). If they don't have effect, he tried to cure BiJeung step by step. And he used e term of GeunBi(筋痺) and BangGiMogwaEIInTang(防己木瓜薏苡仁湯) was good for GeunBi. 12. MaSeoJeong(麻瑞亭) said that PungSeupYeokJeul(風濕歷節) is BiJeung and it is related to GanBinSin(肝脾腎; liver, Spleen, Kindey). And he emphasized on balance WiGi(衛氣) and YoungHeul(營血). 13. SaJeJu(史濟桂) said that GeunGolBi(筋骨痺) is similar to arthritis and sometimes called ChakBi. And SinBi(腎痺) is terminal stage of ChakBi, he said. He also used insects for treatment. 14. JeongJeNam(丁濟南) tried to cure SLE and used GyeJi, CheonCho(川椒), SinGeunCho(伸筋草), SunRyeongBi(仙靈脾), HyconSam(玄蔘) and GamCho(甘草). 15. JinGYungHwa(陳景和) emphasized on diagnosis of tongue. If the color of tongue is blue, it usually has EoHyeol(瘀血), for example. And he also used insects. 16. JuSongI(朱松毅) tried to devide YeolBi with OnByeong(溫病), Wi(衛), Gi(氣) and Hyeol(血). 17. RuDaBong(蔞多峰) said that JyeongHeo(正虛), OiSa(外邪) and EoHyeol are closely related. And he explained BiJeung by deviding the body into the part, for example head, neck, shoulder, waist, upper limb and lower limb. 18. YuMuBo(劉茂甫) defined PungHanSyubBi as chronic stage and YeolBi as acute stage.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2006

Thyme(Thymus vulgaris L.)을 성인병 예방을 위한 기능성 식품 소재로 이용하기 위하여 각 추출물의 생리활성효과를 조사하였다. 추출물의 phenol 함량은 열수추출물이 $26.8{\pm}0.35\;mg/g$였으며, 60% 알코올추출물은 $25.6{\pm}0.20\;mg/g$으로 열수 추출물의 phenol 함량이 다소 높게 나타났다. Thyme의 HPLC 분석결과 생리활성 효과가 높은 rosemarinic acid, quercetin, chlorogenic acid의 함량이 많은 것으로 보아 생리활성 효과가 있을 것으로 사료된다. 각 추출물의 항산화 효과는 DPPH와 ABTS가 열수 추출물과 60% 알코올 추출물이 각각 90.1%, 77.7%와 94.1%, 88.7%로 열수 추출물이 높게 나타났다. Antioxidant protection factor는 알코올 추출물이 PF 1.19로 지용성 물질에 대한 항산화력이 높은 것으로 확인되었고 TBARS값은 대조구에 비해 낮은 값을 나타내어 hydroxyl radical을 binding하는 능력이 뛰어난 것으로 나타났다. H. pylori에 대한 추출물의 항균활성은 열수 추출물의 경우 저해활성이 나타나지 않았으며, 알코올 추출물의 경우 50, 100, 150, $200\;{\mu}g/ml$의 농도로 첨가 했을 때 각각 9, 10, 13, 16 mm의 저해환이 관찰되었다. ACE 저해효과는 열수 추출물에서 39.9%의 저해율을 나타내었으나 알코올 추출물에서는 저해활성을 나타내지 않았다. XOase에 대한 억제효과는 열수 추출물이 73.5%, 알코올 추출물이 100%로 저해를 나타내어 XOase에 대한 높은 저해를 관찰할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.909-918
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• 2012

유근피에 함유된 페놀성 물질은 70% ethanol을 용매로 하여 12시간 추출하였을 때 $17.9{\pm}1.0\;mg/g$으로 가장 많이 용출되었다. 유근피 추출물의 항산화력을 측정한 결과 전자공여능은 $50{\mu}g/mL$ 이상의 phenolic 농도에서 물추출물과 70% ethanol 추출물 모두에서 80% 이상의 높은 전자공여능이 확인되었다. ABTS radical cation decolorization을 측정한 결과 유근피는 물과 70% ethanol 추출물에서 $96.8{\pm}2.9%$의 높은 항산화활성이 측정되었으며, antioxidant protection factor 측정에서는 물추출물과 에탄올 추출물 모두 $200{\mu}g/mL$의 phenolic 농도에서 BHA 보다 높은 2.5 PF의 높은 항산화력이 확인되었다. 유근피 추출물의 thiobarbituric acid reactive substance를 측정한 결과 물 추출물과 에탄올 추출물 전 농도에서 약 80%의 높은 항산화 효과를 나타내었다. 유근피 추출물의 항고혈압 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 angiotensin converting enzyme 저해활성을 측정한 결과 물 추출물에서 약 50%, 70% ethanol 추출물에서 58.5%의 저해활성을 나타내었으며, $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics의 처리농도에서 물 추출물이 77.4%, 70% ethanol 추출물에서 90.6%의 저해활성을 나타내었다. 유근피 추출물의 항관절염 효과를 살펴보기 위하여 xanthin oxidase 저해 활성을 측정한 결과 물 추출물에서는 억제 효과를 관찰할 수 없었고, 70% ethanol 추출물에서 30%의 억제효과를 나타내었으며, $200{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics의 처리 농도에서 48.1%의 억제력을 나타내었다. 유근피 추출물의 염증 억제효과를 측정하기 위하여 hyaluronidase 저해활성을 확인한 결과 물 추출물과 ethanol 추출물에서 70% 이상의 높은 저해 양상을 나타내었으며, $50{\mu}g/mL$ phenolics의 낮은 농도로 처리하였을 경우에도 80%의 항염증효과를 나타내었고, 처리한 phenolic compound의 농도가 높아질수록 억제효과가 높아져 농도 의존적인 양상을 나타내었다. 기능성 식품으로의 활용을 위한 방안으로 유근피 추출물을 함유한 tablet(정제)를 개발하고, 개발된 제품의 관능평가를 실시한 결과 색깔의 관능 평점이 8.3으로 평가되었고, 맛과 향은 8.8과 8.6의 높은 관능평가 점수를 획득하였으며, 전체적인 기호도 역시 8.7점으로 높은 평가를 받았다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.595-646
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• 2000

I. Introduction Bi(痺) means blocking. BiJeung is one kind of symptoms making muscles, bones and jonts feel pain, numbness or edema. For example it can be gout or SLE etc. says that Bi is combination of PungHanSeup. And many doctors said that BiJeung is caused by food, fatigue, sex, stress and change of weather. Therefore we must treat BiJeung by character of patients and characteristic of the disease. Many famous doctors studied medical science by their fathers or teachers. So the history of medical science is long. So I studied ${\ll}Bijeungjujip{\gg}$. II. Final Decision 1. JoGeumTak(趙金鐸) devided BiJeung into Pung, Han, Seup and EumHeo, HeulHeo, YangHeo, GanSinHeo by charcter or reaction of pain. And he use DaeJinGyoTang, GyegiGakYakJiMoTang, SamyoSan, etc. 2. JangPaeGyeu(張沛圭) focused on division of HanYeol(寒熱; coldness and heat) in spite of complexity of BiJeung. He also used insects for treatment. They are very useful for treatment of BiJeung because they can remove EoHyeol(瘀血). 3. SeolMaeng(薛盟) said that the actual cause of BiJeung is Seup. So he thought that BiJeung can be divided into PungSeup, SeupYeol, HanSeup. And he established 6 rules to treat BiJeung and he studied herbs. 4. JangGi(張琪) introduced 10 prescriptions and 10 rules to cure BiJeung. The 1st prescription is for OyeSa, 2nd for internal Yeol, 3rd for old BiJeung, 4th for Soothing muscles, 5th for HanSeup, 6th for regular BiJeung, 7th for functional disorder, 8th for YeolBi, 9th for joint pain and 10th for pain of lower limb. 5. GangSeYoung(江世英) used PungYeongTang(風靈湯) for the treatment of PungBi, OGyeHeukHoTang(烏桂黑虎湯) for HanBi, BangGiMokGwaTang(防己木瓜湯) for SeupBi, YeolBiTang(熱痺湯) for YeolBi, WoDaeRyeokTang(牛大力湯) for GiHei, HyeolPungGeunTang(血楓根湯) for HyeolHeo, ToJiRyongTang(土地龍湯) for the acute stage of SeupBi, OJoRyongTang(五爪龍湯) for the chronic stage of SeupBi, and so on. 6. ShiGeumMook(施今墨) devided BiJeung into four types. They are PungSeupYeol, PungHanSeup, GiHyeolSil(氣血實) and GiHyeolHeo(氣血虛). And he introduced the eight rules of the treatment(SanPun(散風), ChukHan(逐寒), GeoSeuP(, CheongYeol(淸熱), TongRak(通絡), HwalHyeol(活血), HaengGi(行氣), BoHeo(補虛)). 7. WangYiYou(王李儒) explained the acute athritis and said that it can be applicable to HaneBi(行痺). And he used GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang(桂枝芍蘂知母湯) for HanBi and YeolBiJinTongTang(熱痺鎭痛湯) for YeolBi. 8. JangJinYeo(章眞如) said that YeolBi is more common than HanBi. The sympthoms of YeolBi are severe pain, fever, dried tongue, insomnia, etc. And he devided YeolBi into SilYeol and HeoYeol. In case of SilYeol, he used GyeoJiTangHapBaekHoTang(桂枝湯合白虎湯) and in case of HeoYeol he used JaEumYangAekTang(滋陰養液湯). 9. SaHaeJu(謝海洲) introduced three important rules of treatment and four appropriate rules of treatment of BiJeung. 10. YouDoJu(劉渡舟) said that YeolBi is more common than HanBi. He used GaGamMokBanGiTang(加減木防已湯) for YeolBi, GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang or GyeJiBuJaTang(桂枝附子湯) for HanBi and WooHwangHwan(牛黃丸) for the joint pain. 11. GangYiSon(江爾遜) focused on the internal cause. The most important internal cause is JeongGiHeo(正氣虛). So he tried to treat BiJeung by means of balance of Gi and Hyeol. So he ususlly used ODuTang(烏頭湯) and SamHwangTang(三黃湯) for YeolBi, OJeokSan(五積散) for HanBi, SamBiTang(三痺湯) for the chronic BiJeung. 12. HoGeonHwa(胡建華) said that to distinguish YeolBi from Hanbi is very difficult. So he used GyeJiJakYakJiMoTang in case of mixture of HanBi and YeoBi. 13. PiBokGo(畢福高) said that the most common BiJeung is HanBi. He usually used acupuncture with medicine. He followed the theory of EumYongHwa(嚴用和)-he focused on SeonBoHuSa(先補後瀉). 14. ChoiMunBin(崔文彬) used GeoPungHwalHyeolTang(祛風活血湯) for HanBi, SanHanTongRakTang(散寒通絡湯) for TongBi(痛痺), LiSeupHwaRakTang(利濕和絡湯) for ChakBi(着痺), CheongYeolTongGyeolChukBiTang(淸熱通經逐痺湯) for YeolBi(熱痺) and GeoPungHwalHyeolTang(祛風活血湯) for PiBi(皮痺). 15. YouleokSeon(劉赤選) introduced the common principle for the treatment of BiJeung. He used HaePuneDeungTang(海風藤湯) for HaengBi(行痺), SinChakTang(腎着湯), DokHwalGiSaengTang(獨活寄生湯) for TongBi(痛痺), TongPungBang(痛風方) for ChakBi(着痺) and SangGiYiMiTangGaYeongYangGakTang(桑枝苡米湯加羚羊角骨) for YeolBi(熱痺). 16. LimHakHwa(林鶴和) said about TanTan(movement disorders or numbness) and devided TanTan into the acute stage and the chronic stage. He used acupuncture at the meridian spot like YeolGyeol(列缺), HapGok(合谷), etc. And he also used MaHwangBuJaSeSinTang(麻黃附子細辛湯) in case of the acute stage. In the chronic stage he used BangPungTang(防風湯). 17. JinBaekGeun(陳伯勤) liked to use three rules(HwaHyeol(活血), ChiDam(治痰), BoSin(補腎)) to treat BiJeung. He used JinTongSan(鎭痛散) for the purpose of HwalHyeol(活血), SoHwalRakDan(小活絡丹) for ChiDam(治痰) and DokHwalGiSaengTang(獨活寄生湯) for BoSin(補腎). 18. YimGyeHak(任繼學) focused on YangHyeolJoGi(養血調氣) if the stage of BiJeung is chronic. And in the chronic stage he insisted on not using GalHwal(羌活), DokHwal(獨活) and BangPung(防風).