• Applied Microscopy
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.121-130
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• 2004

In this study, ultrastructural change of the bile duct fibroblast at infected rat with Clonorchis sinensis, and the distribution of lectin receptors and actin protein in cultured bile duct infected with Clonorchis sinensis. It explored using colloidal gold label complex with lectin WGA purified from wheat germ (Triticum vulgaris) and anti actin antibody purified actin (43 kDa) isolated from chicken back muscle. The lectin WGA with protein A gold complex labeled sections of the cultured fibroblast revealed gold particles specifically distributed on the multi vesicular form Golgi complex and cell surface of the fibroblast. The actin antibody with protein A gold complex labeled sections of the cultured fibroblast revealed gold particles specifically distributed on the cytoplasm of the fibroblast. Labeling of cultured fibroblast in rat bile duct infected with Clonorchis sinensis was then quantified and compared to that of cultured Fibroblast in Rat Bile duct. These results indicate that lectin WGA receptors are located in the multi vesicular form Golgi complex in the cytoplasm to the cytoplasmic process of the Rat bile duct fibroblast infected with Clonorchis sinensis. Therefore, the GlcNAc and NeuNac regions on the cell surface and cytoplasmic process appear to be functionally associated with cell-recognition and protection from other cell of the tissue, and linked with secretion and exocytosis of the fibroblst cytoplasm. GlcNAc and NeuNAc product in the multi vesicular form Golgi complex then it is transported to cell surface. Actin protein is many appears that infected fibroblast rather than normal fibroblast. The fibroblast of infected with Clonorchis sinensis are against of the physical and chemical stimulation. Then development of cytoplasmic process is relative some stimulation.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.714-719
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• 1996

For the fabrication of the circuits, contact or terminal areas are usually coated with nickel and gold. Usually, diluted palladium solution is applied to initiate electroless nickel plating on the copper circuits. However, the trace amounts of palladium remains on the resin and it causes the extraneous deposition. We confirmed that selectivity was greatly improved by the treatment with the strong reducing agents such as SBH or DMAB. Bondability was greatly influenced by the contents of phosphorus in the deposited nickel. Stabilizers in the electroless gold plating were also influenced the bonding strength. The baths containing cupferron or potassium nickel cyanide as a stabilizer showed superior bondability. The gold deposits having strong orientation with Au(220) and Au(311) showed good bond ability.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.321-325
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• 1995

Adsorption mechanisms of diisobutyl dithiophosphinate (DIBDTPI) and diisobutyl monothiophosphinate (DIBMTPI) on gold and gold-silver alloys (80:20 and 50:50) have been studied. The adsorption mechanisms on gold-silver alloys can be explained by the EC mechanism involving an electron transfer step and a chemical reaction step. Thus, the adsorption should be controlled by the E of the electrochemical oxidation of the electrode involved and the pK of the metal collector complex. Both di- and mono- thiophosphinate adsorb on 50:50 Au-Ag alloy at lower potential than on 80:20 Au-Ag alloy surface. There are no significant differences between the reactivities of DIBDTPI and DIBMTPI with precious metals except that the dithio- compound can be oxidized to dimer on gold at high potentials, while the monothio- homologue cannot. In this regard, DIBDTPI may be a better surface active reagent for pure gold than DIBMTPI.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.337-341
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• 2001

A new method to extract gold from pyrite roster cinder, which combines ultra-fine-grinding with resin-in-pulp, has been studied in this paper. Compared with traditional leaching technology, it can short leaching time, avoid complex filter process, lower sodium cyanide consumption and increase gold recovery by 35%. During leaching, aluminium oxide ball was used as stirred medium, hydrogen peroxide as leaching aid and sodium hexametaphosphate as grinding aid. With the high efficiency and chemistry effect of ultra-fine-grinding, the leaching process was developed and the gold leaching rate may reach 88%. With AM-2 Б resin as abosorber and sulfocarbamide (TU) as eluent, gold was recovered from cyanide pulp by resin-in-pulp. AM-2 Б resin has good adsorbability in cyanide solution(pH=10). It was easy to elude gold from the loaded resin with 0.1㏖/L cholhydric acid and 1㏖/L sulfocabamide. The effect of contact time, temperature and acidity etc. on the gold absorption had been examined with static methods. The results showed that the adsorption and desorption of gold could both reach over 98%. The effects of flow rate of solution on dynamic adsorption and elution of gold had been examined with dynamic methods. Breakthrough curve and elution curve had been drawn in this paper. A mild condition was determined through a number of experiments: leaching time 2 hours, liquid solid ratio 4:1, sodium cyanide 3kg/t, hydrogen peroxide 0.05%, sodium hexametaphosphate 0.05%; adsorption time 30 minutes, temperature 10-3$0^{\circ}C$, resin($m\ell$) solid(g) ratio 1:10, eluent resin ratio 10-20:1, velocity of eluent $1.5m\ell$/min. Under the mild condition, the gold recovery may reach 85%.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 1997

Gold mineralization of the Ogkye gold mine was deposited mainly in quartz veins up to 150 cm wide which occupy fissures in Cambrian Pungchon limestone. Ore minerals are relatively simple as follows: pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, sphalerite, electrum and galena. On the basis of the Ag/Au ratio on ore grades, mode of occurrence and assoicated mineral assemblages, the Ogkye gold deposit can be classified as pyrite-type gold deposit (Group IIB). Fluid inclusion data indicate that ore minerals were deposited between $400^{\circ}$and $230^{\circ}C$ from relatively dilute fluids (0.2 to 7.3 wt.% eq. NaCl) containing $CO_2$. The ore mineralization resulted from a complex history of $CO_2$ effervescence and local concomitant boiling coupled with cooling and dilution of ore fluids. Gold deposition was likely a result of decrease of sulfur activity caused by sulfide deposition and/or $H_2S$ loss accompanying fluid unmixing. Sulfur isotope compositions of sulfide minerals (${\delta}^{34}S=3.5{\sim}5.9$‰) are consistent with ${\delta}^{34}S_{H_2S}$ value of 4.8 to 6.1‰, suggesting mainly an igneous source of sulfur partially mixed with wall-rock sulfur.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.135-151
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• 2014

It is very important to properly understand such "Transport Pathways" elements as "Pipe" and "Cell" pathways in commercial GoldSim Transport Module (GTM) for developing higer quality models and programs for performance assessment of complex radioactive waste repositories. With an illustrative case under an earthquake scenario, by which an increasement in the groundwater flow rate occurs though the geological medium, ways of avoiding possible modeling errors in the nuclide transport modeling in the radioactive waste repository system for its safety assessment by utilizing such pathways are discussed and a proper usage of the pathways is proposed.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.91-100
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• 1984

The Gwangyang gold deposits geologically consist of granitic gneiss, metatectic gneiss and porphyroblastic gneiss which correspond to Jirisan gneiss complex. The formations of Gyeongsang system lies unconformably on these gneisses and are intruded by diorite, porphyritic andesite and Bulgugsa granites. Goheung districts are composed of quartz schist, andesitic rock, tuff and granite. The Gwangyang gold deposits are gold bearing fissure filling veins. The vein thickness varies from 15cm to 40cm and they consist of 7-10 layers in parallel. The Goheung copper deposits are sulphide bearing quartz veln which filled the fracture in andesitic rock and biotite granite. The contact zone of these rocks is partially altered. The mineral paragenesis of the Gwangyang and Goheung districts is pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, sericite, quartz and calcite. The variation trends of FMA and A'KF triangular diagrams and the differentiation index (norm, Q + Or + Ab) versus oxides diagrams is similar to the Gyeonsang basin igneous rocks. From the trace element analysis of 10 samples of country rocks, wall rocks and veins, the distribution of copper and lead contents display a correlative distribution pattern in relation to gold and silver. Homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions range from $200^{\circ}C$ to $270^{\circ}C$ in quartz from the Gwangyang gold vein and the size of fluid inclusion range from 0.01mm to 0.04mm. The fluid inclusions are mainly one or two phase and the filling degree of the inclusions varies from 85 to 95.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.156-160
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• 2007

Surface plasmon resonance(SPR) has been widely studied for biological and chemical sensing applications. The present study conducts numerical simulation for the single and bimetallic layer SPR configurations by using the multiple beam interference matrix(MBIM) method to investigate the influence of wave interference and complex refractive indices of materials on optical characteristics such as reflectance and optical phase shift which are used for sensing. First, calculated reflectances are compared with experimental data for validation. In addition, in the single film structures this study finds out the appropriate film thicknesses with minimum reflectance for cases of gold film and silver film. For a bimetallic silver-gold film structure, in particular, the bimetallic film thicknesses that has the minimum reflectance are found 36 nm for silver and 5 nm for gold. From the results, the use of phase shift would be useful compared to reflectance in determining the SPR configuration because the phase shift becomes more sensitive than reflectance.

• Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2005

Thin sections of cellulose fibers were incubated with an endo- and an exoglucanase labeled with gold particles of differing sizes. The hydrolytic sites were then visualized under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The potential interaction between the ${\beta}$-1, 4-glucan substrates and the endo- and the exoglucanases was investigated using cellulosic and lignocellulosic substrates. The simultaneous visualization was very successful in distinguishing preferred substrates for each cellulase in lignocellulosic substrates. When plant lignocellulose was preincubated with endocellulase, density of the gold labeling greatly increased suggesting that preliminary exposure of lignocellulosic material to endocellulase may have enhanced the accessibility of the substrate to endocellulase and exocellulase. This result provided a plausible explanation for the observed endo/exo cellulase co-hydrolysis.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.178-179
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• 2003

Mesothermal, tellurium-bearing gold-silver vein mineralization of the Yuryang mine was formed in mineralogically complex quartz-sulfide veins that filled the fault fractures in Precambrian gneiss within Gyeonggi Massif. Ore grades average 179 g/ton gold with a gold/silver ratio of 1.5 : 1. Ore mineralization was deposited in single stage. Major ore mineralization can be divided into two mineralization phases with increasing paragenetic time: Fe-sulfide and base-metal mineralization phase $\rightarrow$ telluride mineralization phase. (omitted)