• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.509-520
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• 2023

Scientific explanation is the main goal of scientists' scientific practice, and the science curriculum also includes developing students' abilities to construct scientific explanations as a major goal. Thus, clarifying its meaning is an important issue in the science education community. In this paper, the researchers identified three perspectives on 'scientific explanation' based on the scoping review method (Deductive-Nomological, Probabilistic, and Pragmatic explanation models). We argued that it is important to clarify and distinguish the meanings of 'scientific explanation' from other concepts used in science education, such as 'description', 'prediction', 'hypothesis', and 'argument' based on a review of the literature. It is also pointed out that there is a difference between 'scientific explanation' as a product and 'explaining scientifically' as communication, and several ways to revise achievement standard statements in the science curriculum are suggested, to guide students to construct scientific explanations and to help students to explain scientifically. By adopting the three scientific explanation models, the important factors to be considered were classified and organized, and examples of science learning activities for scientific explanation considering such factors were suggested. It is hoped that the discussion in this study will help establish clearer learning goals in science learning related to scientific explanation and aid the design of more appropriate learning activities accordingly.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2012

Technological substitution is the process by which a radical technology replaces the dominant technology in an industry. The processes of diffusion and substitution have been modeled extensively (Technology & innovation, 2010). However, the formulation of classical quantitative models encompasses only part of the theoretical space. These models impose many simplified constraints to the achievement of analytical resolution. The interior design organization needs to establish a set of technical system requirements by describing the scope of the accessibility needs of the organization against current technology use. Because of complicated design resources and ongoing advances in design technologies, design systems face the challenge of prioritizing new technologies for supporting. The problem is small design organization administration often displays a lack of concern toward the evaluation of technology integration. In this paper, I will identify the influence of a design organization's technology, and predict how future technology will inform, support, and potentially hinder productivity, culture, and work satisfaction within a design organization in the industry. In addition, I will use current design organizational behavior and leadership models to support my predictions. Finally, I will examine a proven approach to assist designers with evaluating technology integration in interior design organization. The goal is to develop a high quality, professional development scorecards for the evaluation. I will conduct both the evaluation of technology integration and CRM performance evaluation is recommended to assess the effectiveness of technology integration. Therefore, the evaluation of integration technologies oriented design hold the promise of solving the organization application integration challenge. The evaluation of integration technology is a significant pattern for processing such a vision. The careful selection of an integration technology for this purpose is crucial in contributing toward the success of such an interior design organization endeavor.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2009

The worldwide spread of the internet has made it an important topic in our everyday lives. It has not only changed ordinary lives, but also the whole spectrum of modern society. Thus, it is necessary to understand the characteristic changes in learners as well as social demand in this drastic transformation period and to modify the goal and methods of learning to nurture future intellects. To achieve this, there have been recent attempts to invent new learning methods involving Web 2.0, which focuses on the user. Out of the various aspects of Web 2.0, the blog is expected to invoke learner-oriented education and active discussions between learners, in that the individual manages the blog autonomously and there is much interaction between users. This study will construct a learning system using the blog, apply it on real learners, and analyze its effect on the learners' scholastic achievements, interests, and learning transfer.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2013

Nowadays, one of the most interested area of automobile industry is the production of vehicle which has collision safety and ability to produce less amount of $CO_2$. The achievement of such a dual performance is done by choosing the materials like dual phase steel, ferrite bainite steel, etc. These steels have been used in automotive chassis and body parts, and also used to be formed by hole flanging to meet the goal of strength and design requirement. The formability of sheet material was experimented by hole expansion test and the judgement relies on human eye and his experience. This manual judgement involves many errors and large deviation. This paper develops the automatic crack recognition system which finds a crack based on CCD image to complement the problem of the current method depending on human's sense.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.45 no.1 s.112
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• pp.97-104
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to extract some suggestions in developing the elementary students' abilities to solve the fundamental mathematical problems by analyzing the degree of the correlation between the fundamental mathematical capability and the reading capability of the elementary 3th graders. In order to achieve this goal, this article analyzed the correlation between the fundamental mathematical capability and the reading capability on the basis of the studying result about the diagnostic evaluation conducted on 20,556 elementary 3th graders by the KICE as a national level basic scholastic achievement evaluation. The coefficient of correlation between the fundamental mathematical capability and the reading capability was .621. As such, it shows that the reading capability plays an important role in solving the fundamental mathematical problems. Particularly, the coefficient of correlation between the corollary arguments and the problem solving ability and the reading capability was the highest among the sub-capabilities of fundamental mathematical capability. In addition, judging from the result that the coefficient of correlation between the practical understanding capability and the solving capability of the fundamental mathematical problems was .528, it informs that the practical understanding capability takes an' important part in developing the fundamental mathematical capability of the elementary students. The results of this study support the hypothesis that the understanding capability plays the very important role in solving the fundamental mathematical problems. In particular, the results suggest that it is necessary that the pupils should be simultaneously supported not only by the capability of the mathematical basis, but also by the reading capability, especially the practical understanding capability about the problems, in order to develop the capability to solve the fundamental mathematical problems.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.241-248
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• 2006

Recently, as the importance of the information communication ethics education has increased, the research about new instructional method or contents have been progressed actively. On the other hand, due to the advance of e-learning technology, instead of teacher-centered instruction, the development of learning contents and learning method for satisfying students' requirements is proceeded actively. In this paper, in order to increase the learning effect for information communication ethics education for primary school students, we propose a new way to design an instruction which considers the characteristics and the requirements of students. We decompose instructional design features into 4 components such as goal, model, contents, and media, and then we pose questionnaire to the 5th grade students of a primary school. After that, we analyze data by using the conjoint analysis. Based on the result of the conjoint analysis, we give instructions to two classes in order to compare the learning achievement of the two classes. Finally, by evaluating the students and analyzing their satisfaction levels, we diagnose the effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.159-168
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• 2010

Developments and changes in digital environment based on computer technologies and internet networks enabled us interactive communication for planning and execution through the freedom of 'connection', 'sharing', and 'conversion'. The subject of this study, interactive commercial, might be the core of success based on creation which stems from communication design, revolution in design and technology, and conversion. Communication in modern economy is not optional, but essential. Furthermore, like evolution process up to Augmented Reality from developments of mobile communication technology, or concept in paradigm change, digital interactive commercial means the core of success, not a part of it. Therefore, in order to achieve success in the global competition structure, mobile communication design, revolution, and creation which produce added value shall be working as a base. In order to reach effective communication process performance of interactive commercial media, this study would like to propose building a media commercial system which is realized by human senses. Using this, standardized methods for interactive commercial which can be used together with augmented reality based on digital technology, and for using digital robot contents are available, along with methodology system of their use. In addition, the ultimate goal of this study aims to discover new factors through reorganization of precedent analysis and adaptation based on academic achievement and practical application. And thus, it wants to contribute to practical use of interactive commercial out of augmented reality-based communication in which technology, marketing, and design are integrated to be used in real sense.

• Archives of design research
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.145-154
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• 2000

Higher educational results might come from the rational method of curriculum operation. Therefore, every subject in the major course should be planned to response the specialty of students and the efficient method of education are still more needed in technical college, in which students have to get the specialty on the short period of education. Because each subject in the major course works as the close cause and result of educational goal to form the specialty of students, the achievement of educational results in each subject is an important studying part of the educators in technical college. This study is a case of the approaching method for the improvement of learning effect by the connection of subjects 'Space Design' and 'Computer Aided Design' in the Dept. of Industrial design. It is considered to achieve two subjects' educational goals by leading up the students' learning concentration from the comprehension and experience about the co-relationship of the two subjects. And it shows the results of this approaching method such as students could get the design technology of the two subjects, and they could have self-confidence to the managing of the design process and planning of the design works as well.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.8
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• pp.111-138
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• 2001

Currently marketing researchers are investigating the causal variables affecting to salesforces' performances. Some researchers found personal and organizational affecting variables as well as structural context of variables. But almost affecting variables examined in salesforce performance researches are personal characteristics. Such organizational variables like leadership, organization's market orientation would be worth to examine in salesforce performance researches. Thus this research is intended to analyze effects of personal and organizational characteristics on salesforces' performances. Data for this research were elicited from sales representatives of motor companies. Data collected were analyzed by regression analysis using SPSSWIN Ver.10.0. The following are major findings of this research. 1. Leadership whether transformational or transactional affected on salesforces' performances. But it was not accepted that transformational leadership would be superior than transactional leadership. 2. Market Orientation of organization affected on its salesforces' performances. 3. Personal characteristics such as need for achievement, compensation predispositon, self efficacy, learning goal orientation were affect on salesforces' performances. But it found that effects of intrinsic compensation predisposition on salesforces, performances were reverser (-). Based on the above findings, the following conclusion could be drawn: 1. Organizational variables like leadership and market orientation are key managerial variables in the sales organization, meaning that sales manager development and organization's market-driven culture are important. 2. Through recruiting and educating, raising salesforces' self-esteem is necessitated.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.107-119
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• 2005

The Mobile IP has evolved from providing mobility support for portable computers to support wireless handheld devices with high mobility patterns. The Mobile IP secures mobility, but does not guarantee security, In this paper, the Mobile IP has been adapted to allow AM protocol that supports authentication, authorization and accounting for authentication and collection of accounting information of network usage by mobile nodes, For this goal, we propose a new security handoff mechanism to intensify the Mobile IP security and to achieve fast handoff. In the proposed mechanism, we provide enough handoff achievement time to maintain the security of mobile nodes, According to the analysis of modeling result, the proposed mechanism composed the basic Mobile IP along with AM protocol is up to about $60\%$ better in terms of normalized surcharge for the handoff failure rate that considers handoff time.