• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.359-366
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• 2002

To survey satellites using only GPS can sometimes cause an impossible situation due to the many different geographical conditions as city cannon and obstacles. Although the GLONASS satellite system does not have the ability to survey itself accurately since it currently lacks of the number of usable satellites, it is able to bridge the gap when combined with GPS. This research used the GPS receiver to perform four analyzing methods to bring out the independent surveying method of GPS and combined surveying method of GPS and GLONASS(4 methods - number of satellites able to receive, precision of raw data, standard deviation from known point and RTK surveying). The result of test surveying satellites showed that 11 hours were possible to measure a minimum of 4 satellites when using an independent surveying method and 4 hours in unified surveying method in a month. Also, the precision of raw data using GPS and GLONASS surveying is 0.08~l.8m better than the GPS surveying in standard deviation. The deviation of known points by GPS and GLONASS also showed better accuracy by 3~l1mm. The RTK showed the range of differences in deviation of survey by leaning towards the GPS independent survey in Northing coordinate and leaned towards the Easting coordinate when GPS and GLONASS were combined. Nonetheless, it can't be said that the unified method is better, because it has limits to its capability.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.155-161
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop precise point positioning (PPP) algorithms based on GLONASS code-pseudorange, verify their performance and present their utility. As the basic correction models of PPP, we applied Inter Frequency Bias (IFB), relativistic effect, satellite antenna phase center offset, and satellite orbit and satellite clock errors, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric errors that must be provided on a real-time basis. The satellite orbit and satellite clock errors provided by Information-Analytical Centre (IAC) are interpolated at each observation epoch by applying the Lagrange polynomial method and linear interpolation method. We applied Global Ionosphere Maps (GIM) provided by International GNSS Service (IGS) for ionospheric errors, and increased the positioning accuracy by applying the true value calculated with GIPSY for tropospheric errors. As a result of testing the developed GLONASS PPP algorithms for four days, the horizontal error was approximately 1.4 ~ 1.5 m and the vertical error was approximately 2.5 ~ 2.8 m, showing that the accuracy is similar to that of GPS PPP.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.1 s.19
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

GPS proved to very practical in the application of geodesy and surveying such Civil Engineering, control point surveying and the deformation surveying o( structure, but the accuracy of static GPS positioning is degraded at the sites which the visible satellites of GPS are less than 4, i.e. the urban area covered with the high building and the industrial zone. Thus, the combined GPS/GLONASS system was introduced to acquire the high accuracy of static positioning by a few satellites. So the combined GPS/GLONASS system show the good results at the sites which the accuracy of positioning is degraded due to few satellites, the cutoff of signal, and multipath in the urban area.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.333-339
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• 2022

The satellite navigation system was developed for the purpose of calculating the location of local users, starting with the Global Positioning System (GPS) in the 1980s. Advanced countries in the space industry are operating Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) that covers the entire earth, such as GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou, by establishing satellite navigation systems for each country. Regional Navigation Satellite Systems (RNSS) such as QZSS and NavIC are also in operation. In the early 2010s, only GPS and GLONASS could calculate location using a single system for location determination. After 2016, the EU and China also completed the establishment of GNSS such as Galileo and BeiDou. As a result, satellite navigation users can benefit from improved availability of GNSS. In addition, before Galileo and BeiDou's Full Operational Capability (FOC) declaration, they used combined navigation algorithms to calculate the user's location by adding another satellite navigation system to the GPS satellites. Recently, it may be possible to calculate a user's location for each navigation system using the resources of a single system. In this paper, we evaluated the performance of single system navigation and combined navigation solutions of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS individual navigation systems using high-performance GNSS receivers.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.119-124
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• 2014

In this paper, A GSm/WCDMA band antenna which can be confirmed positioning information of a container by using the GPS/GLONASS bands on one board and can be sent the positioning information to the mobile communication network in real time is designed. A microstrip patch antennas which supports dual-band (GPS and GLONASS) was optimized. The antenna size is $25{\times}25{\times}5[mm]$. A chip monopole antennas which supports dual-band (GSM and WCDMA) was optimized. The antenna size is $27{\times}8{\times}3.2[mm]$. To amplify the Satellite reception signal level, two-stage low noise amplifier(LNA) was designed. The LNA gain is 27[dB]. The size of Jig for antennas measuring is $100{\times}30{\times}1[mm]$.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.49-55
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• 2015

This paper explains major considerations for integrated GPS/GLONASS/BDS positioning, and then analyzes integrated GNSS positioning accuracies based on low-cost receivers in open-sky and poor reception environments. In an open-sky environment, horizontal RMSE of the integrated system positioning is about 1.2m. It shows improved result compared with single system positioning, the improvement ratio was 17-55%. In poor reception environments, we sometimes could not do positioning because the number of visible satellites gets below four. In an integrated positioning mode, the number of visible satellites was always higher than four, allowing us to find positions all the time. The horizontal RMSE of the integrated system positioning in poor reception environments is about 6.4m. Compared with single system positioning;the integrated system positioning shows better performance and the improvement ratio was 8-47% for the horizontal directions.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.46-53
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• 2010

In this paper, we explained status and development trend of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System): GPS (Global Satellite System) of US, GLONASS (Global Navigation Satellite System) of Russia, Galileo of EU, Beidou/Compass of China, and QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) of Japan). System construction and operation status of five GNSS systems were summarized. In addition, development plan and modernization of these systems were explained.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2002

On this study, it was applied that the method of Coastline extracting by aerial photogrammetry so as to extract the coastline using the method of RTK GPS/GLONASS. The observed area is Gwanganri beach that is located in Pusan and it was observed according to high wave of scar when the approximate highest high water and it was surveyed according to that the boundary line connecting to sea water surface at random time-zone. Observation analysis was used digital map of 1:1,000 and compared coastline that was converted tide with coastline of high tide. So this conclusions was agreed with converted coastline and high tide coastline.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• 2011.06a
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• pp.29-30
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• 2011

GNSS 시스템의 다원화에 따른 DGPS RSIM 기능도 DGNSS 체제로 기능적, 시스템적 고도화가 필요한 시점이 도래하고 있다. 이와 관련하여 차세대 DGNSS RSIM 아키텍처를 미국 해양경비대(USCG) NAVCEN에서 제안하였는데, 이 차세대 DGPS RSIM 아키텍처의 기본 요구조건은 PC 플랫폼 기반의 신규 신호 및 기술에 대한 충분한 유연성을 확보할 수 있고, 기존 사용자 수신기와 기존 기준국 시스템과의 충분한 호환이 가능해야 한다는 것이다. 그러나 위의 제시된 아키텍처는 DGPS RSIM 시스템의 소프트웨어 응용에 초점이 맞추어져 있어서 GNSS 다원화에 따른 DGNSS 기준국 기능 고도화에 한계가 있다. 그러므로 본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 DGNSS RSIM 개발을 위한 후속연구로서, 현재 운영 중인 GPS/GLONASS를 중심으로 보정정보 생성 및 그 측위정확도 성능분석에 중점을 두고자 한다. 기 설계된 DGNSS 소프트웨어 RSIM 아키텍처에 대해 설명하고, 설계된 아키텍처와 통합보정정보 생성 및 처리 기법이 적용된 GPS/GLONASS 통합보정시스템을 구현하여, 향후 소프트웨어 DGNSS RSIM을 위한 측위정확도 측면에서의 성능을 분석한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.27-31
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• 2006

With the fast developing pace, the Galileo system is entering the navigation stage with high profile. At the same time, U.S. is accelerating his GPS modernization schedule, and Russian also begins to resuscitate their GLONASS. Moreover, Chinese Beidou system has also joined the satellite navigation family with low profile already. And of course Japanese QZSS even moves forward. Along with the bitter competition in technology, finance, market and even military affairs, all these systems will firmly benefit each other and massively extend the role of civil satellite navigation industry in the future. The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) would be almost certain to include above major satellite navigation systems. Thus how to utilize the navigation satellite resource for world peace and promote the progress of mankind should be the key issue of this century.