• 제목/요약/키워드: global factor of safety

검색결과 106건 처리시간 0.026초

동토 파이프라인 매설공사 시 장비하중에 의한 트렌치 안전성 분석 (Analysis of Trench Slope Stability in Permafrost Regions According to the Equipment Load)

  • 김종욱;김정주;이재혁;;유한규
    • 한국가스학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 2017
  • 최근 화석연료 사용에 따른 지구 온난화 현상에 대한 우려로 대체에너지 자원 개발의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 이에 알래스카와 시베리아 같은 극한지에 매장된 천연가스에 대한 관심도 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내 기업은 국내 건설환경과 상이한 극한지에서의 가스배관 공사의 시공 경험과 매뉴얼이 부족하다. 특히 시공 중 트렌치의 안정성이 보장되지 않으면 트렌치 사면의 붕괴로 인한 인부들의 낙상, 건설 장비들의 파손, 공기 증가 등을 야기할 수 있기 때문에 극한지의 트렌치 안정성 연구가 필수적이다. 본 연구에서는 러시아 야쿠츠크(Yakutsk) 지역을 동토지역의 계절별 지반조건의 기준으로 정하였으며, 직경 30 in.와 40 in.의 파이프라인 내리기 시공과정을 가정하였다. 지반조건은 여름과 겨울, Silt와 Peat, 사면의 각도($0^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$)별로 다양한 조건을 고려하였다. 파이프라인 시공 사례 분석을 통해 Pipelayer의 장비하중이 트렌치 안정성에 영향을 줄 수 있는 요소임을 알 수 있었고, 이에 Pipelayer 장비가 트렌치에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위하여 Pipelayer 장비 종류별, 트렌치와 Pipelayer 장비 사이의 거리별, Pipelayer의 종방향 간격별로 Case를 나누어 수치해석을 시행하였다. 수행결과 사면경사가 클수록, 장비와 트렌치 사이의 거리는 가까울수록 사면의 안전율이 감소하였다. 특히 경사가 $20^{\circ}$일 때는 사면의 예상 파괴면이 Pipelayer 장비에서 트렌치까지 이어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 사면경사가 $20^{\circ}$이하인 겨울철 지반에서는 트렌치 안정성의 문제는 없는 것으로 판단되었다.

목포항 해수면 상승에 따른 선박 계류평가요소의 민감도 분석 연구 (A Study on the Sensitivity Analysis of Ship Mooring Evaluation Factors According to Sea Level Rise in Mokpo Port)

  • 김승연
    • 해양환경안전학회지
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    • 제29권5호
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    • pp.445-455
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    • 2023
  • IPCC에서 발표한 제6차 기후변화 보고서에 따르면 지구온난화에 따른 해수면 상승이 가속화되고 있으며, 2100년 예상 해수면 상승은 저탄소 시나리오(SSP 1~2.6)에서는 47cm, 고탄소 시나리오(SSP 5~8.5)에서는 82cm로 분석되었다. 해수면 상승은 항만 인프라에 심각한 피해를 입히고, 항만 내에 정박 중인 선박의 계류안전성을 저하시킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 해수면 상승시 부두에 계류한 선박의 계류안전성 향상 방안을 도출하기 위해 만조시 침수 피해가 잦은 목포항을 선정하여 해수면 상승 시나리오에 따른 실제 접안 선박에 대한 계류 평가 요소의 민감도를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 해수면이 상승함에 따라 동일한 환경조건에서 계류라인 장력, 계선주 하중, 계류라인 수직각도, 선체 6자유도 운동값이 대체로 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한, 마루높이가 상향되면 모든 계류 평가 요소의 값이 대체로 감소하여 선박 및 부두의 안전성 향상에 유리한 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구 결과는 목포항 해수면 상승에 따른 항만 및 선박의 안전성 향상 방안을 확보하기 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

수치해석을 이용한 기존 피해 보강토 옹벽의 보강에 관한 사례 연구 (A Case Study on the Reinforcement of Existing Damaged Geogrid Reinforced Soil Wall Using Numerical Analyses)

  • 원명수;란쿠얀크리스틴;최정호;하양성
    • 한국지반신소재학회논문집
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2020
  • 보강토 옹벽이 붕괴되는 사례가 종종 발생되면서, 붕괴된 옹벽의 보강 및 복구에 대한 사회적인 관심은 날로 커지고 있으나 이에 대한 연구는 미미한 경향이 있다. 이와 같은 배경 아래, 본 연구에서는 Plaxis 2D프로그램을 이용한 일련의 수치해석을 수행하여 설계부실로 전면블록의 전도와 배면 침하 피해가 발생된 기존 보강토 옹벽을 복구할 수 있는 방안에 대한 사례연구를 수행하였다. 복구방안으로는 기존 피해 보강토 옹벽에 쏘일네일링과 보강콘크리트(RC) 전면벽체를 보강하는 방안(Case 1)과 기존 피해 보강토 옹벽을 제거하고 재시공하는 방안(Case 2)으로 검토하였다. 보강토 옹벽의 내적안정검토결과는 파단에 대해서는 Case 1이 Case 2보다 크고 인발에 대해서는 Case 2가 Case 1보다 안전율이 크게 나타났다. 수치해석에 의한 외적거동과 전단강도감소법에 의한 전체사면안정 안전율은 Case 1이 Case 2보다 안정적으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 보다 안정적인 외적거동을 나타내는 Case 1로 기존 피해 보강토 옹벽을 보강하도록 하였다.

강우시 보강토 옹벽의 배수여부에 따른 안정성 - 수치해석 연구 (Stability of reinforced earth wall during rainfall - numerical investigation)

  • 유충식;김선빈;한준연
    • 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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    • pp.955-962
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    • 2008
  • This study concerns the effect of drainage in reinforced soil on its stability during rainfall. A series of finite-element analysis based transient seepage analysis were performed on a number of cases with different drainage conditions in terms of layers of geotextiles installed in the reinforced zone. The results were then coupled with the limit-equilibrium slope stability analysis to investigate the variation of global stability factor of safety with rainfall infiltration into the reinforced wall. The results were thoroughly analyzed to get insight into the mechanism of pore water pressure reduction effect of the geotextile and into its effect on overall slope stability. It is shown that layers of geotextile installed in the reinforced zone can prevent decrease in suction in the reinforced zone during rainfall, thereby reducing potential risk of decreasing shear strength of the reinforced zone. Practical implications of the findings were discussed.

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Defining the Patterns and Factors of Urban Crime in Korean Cities Based on the Analysis of Social Statistical Data

  • Chang, Dong-Kuk;Shim, Jae-Choon;Park, Joo-Hee
    • Architectural research
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.45-56
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    • 2012
  • The high rate of urban crime is a main issue that needs to be dealt with in this high-tech society. With the rapid increase of urban crime, research has mainly focused on topics either on a global or a local scale, such as cities or communities and houses or buildings, without reliable observational data. This study makes the best use of the nationwide surveys carried out by Korean government agencies for the analysis of urban crime patterns and factors in major Korean cities. The aims of this research are threefold: understanding the relationship between urban crime patterns and socio-economic differences in cities, determining the effect of residence types on the urban crime patterns; and uncovering potential influential factors of a crime victim's individual characteristics. The statistical methods used for the analysis of social statistical data are as follows: simple regression, logistic regression, one-way ANOVA and post-hoc test. This research found that the patterns of urban crime rate in cities have a certain tendency toward the cities' socio-economic and geographical differences. The residence type is an influential factor showing a close relation to the crime rate. Personal issues, such as the types of occupation, education, marriage, etc., are directly relevant to victims of crime.

Recommendation of Navigation Performance for K-UAM Considering Multipath Error in Urban Environment Operation

  • Sangdo Park;Dongwon Jung;Hyang Sig Jun
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.379-389
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    • 2023
  • According to the Korea Urban Air Mobility (K-UAM) Concept of Operation (ConOps), the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is recommended as the primary navigation system and the performance specification will be implemented considering the standard of Performance Based Navigation (PBN). However, by taking into account the characteristics of an urban environment and the concurrent operations of multiple UAM aircraft, the current PBN standards for civil aviation seem difficult to be directly applied to an UAM aircraft. Therefore, by referring to technical documents published in the literature, this paper examines the feasibility of applying the proposed performance requirements to K-UAM, which follows the recommendation of navigation performance requirements for K-UAM. In accordance with the UAM ConOps, the UAM aircraft is anticipated to maintain low altitude during approach and landing phases. Subsequently, the navigation performance degradation could occur in the urban environment, and the primary degradation factor is identified as multipath error. For this reason, to ensure the safety and reliability of the K-UAM aircraft, it is necessary to analyze the degree of performance degradation related to the urban environment and then propose an alternative aid to enhance the navigation performance. To this end, the aim of this paper is to model the multipath effects of the GNSS in an urban environment and to carry out the simulation studies using the real GNSS datasets. Finally, the initial navigation performance requirement is proposed based on the results of the numerical simulation for the K-UAM.

Stability analysis of a rock slope in Himalayas

  • Latha, Gali Madhavi;Garaga, Arunakumari
    • Geomechanics and Engineering
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.125-140
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    • 2010
  • Slope stability analysis of the right abutment of a railway bridge proposed at about 350 m above the ground level, crossing a river and connecting two huge hillocks in the Himalayas, India is presented in this paper. The site is located in a highly active seismic zone. The rock slopes are intensely jointed and the joint spacing and orientation are varying at different locations. Static slope stability of the rock slope is studied using equivalent continuum approach through the most commonly used commercial numerical tools like FLAC and SLOPE/W of GEOSTUDIO. The factor of safety for the slope under static conditions was 1.88 and it was reduced by 46% with the application of earthquake loads in pseudo-static analysis. The results obtained from the slope stability analyses confirmed the global stability of the slope. However, it is very likely that there could be possibility of wedge failures at some of the pier locations. This paper also presents the results from kinematics of right abutment slope for the wedge failure analysis based on stereographic projections. Based on the kinematics, it is recommended to flatten the slope from 50o to 43o to avoid wedge failures at all pier locations.

Korean Engineering Firms' Competitiveness Change for the Last Decade

  • Jung, Mincheol;Kim, Handon;Choi, Seeun;Cho, Hyunsang;Oh, Donggeun;Kim, Jimin;Jang, Hyounseung
    • 국제학술발표논문집
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    • The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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    • pp.599-607
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    • 2022
  • Recently, there has been a steady decrease in the proportion of the construction sector among Korean engineering firms. Thus it is essential for Korean engineering firms in the construction sector, which lack experience in overseas ventures, to identify and improve their competitiveness for successful overseas expansion. Therefore, in this study, changes in Korean engineering firms' capabilities for the last decade were analyzed to promote entry into overseas road and water resource engineering markets. Competency factors that require urgent improvement were derived based on Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) as a tool for quantitative measurement. As a result, the factor that shows low performance compared to the importance is an overall understanding of the target country in the road and water resource areas. Knowledge of regulatory issues on design, the ability of time management software, and knowledge of the regulatory problems on construction safety are also insufficient. This study can be used as a research methodology to identify competitiveness that Korean engineering firms have to strengthen when they advance into overseas markets in roads, water resources, and other areas.

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Material distribution optimization of 2D heterogeneous cylinder under thermo-mechanical loading

  • Asgari, Masoud
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • 제53권4호
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    • pp.703-723
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    • 2015
  • In this paper optimization of volume fraction distribution in a thick hollow cylinder with finite length made of two-dimensional functionally graded material (2D-FGM) and subjected to steady state thermal and mechanical loadings is considered. The finite element method with graded material properties within each element (graded finite elements) is used to model the structure. Volume fractions of constituent materials on a finite number of design points are taken as design variables and the volume fractions at any arbitrary point in the cylinder are obtained via cubic spline interpolation functions. The objective function selected as having the normalized effective stress equal to one at all points that leads to a uniform stress distribution in the structure. Genetic Algorithm jointed with interior penalty-function method for implementing constraints is effectively employed to find the global solution of the optimization problem. Obtained results indicates that by using the uniform distribution of normalized effective stress as objective function, considerably more efficient usage of materials can be achieved compared with the power law volume fraction distribution. Also considering uniform distribution of safety factor as design criteria instead of minimizing peak effective stress affects remarkably the optimum volume fractions.

국내 고층건물의 피난성능확보를 위한 급기가압방연(제연) 시스템의 제도개선연구 (A Legal Alternative for Effective Application of Pressurized Smoke Control System to Provide ′Smoke-free′ Access for Escape Shafts Used in High-Rise Building)

  • 박형주;김상욱
    • 한국화재소방학회논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.49-56
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    • 2001
  • 화재시 특별피난계단의 부속실의 연기침입을 방지하기 위해 적용하고 있는 급기가압방연시스템의 효능에 대한 논란이 증가하고 있는 바, 국내 고층 건축물의 특별피난계단에 설치운용중인 급기가압시스템의 설계시 핵심요소인 가압공간의 누설틈새, 계단실과 부속실 또는 부속실과 거실공간사이의 출입문을 통한 방연풍속과 출입문의 자동폐쇄를 보장하는 도어 개폐장치등에 대한 문제점을 조사연구하여 실질적인 효과를 보장할 수 있는 기준을 설정하고, 안전성확보를 보장하면서 경제성을 고려한 설계안을 세부적인 사례를 들어 구체적으로 제시하였다.

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