• Atmosphere
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.379-386
• /
• 2010

Impact of global warming on the ocean environment is reviewed based on most recently published publications. The most significant impact of global warming on marine environment is due to the melting of mountain and continental glaciers. Ice melting causes slow down and/or shut down of thermohaline circulation, and makes hypoxic environment for the first time, then makes anoxic with time. This can cause decreasing biodiversity, and finally makes global extinction of animals and plants. Furthermore, global warming causes sea-level rise, soil erosion and changes in calcium carbonate compensation depth (CCD). These changes also can make marine ecosystem unstable. If we emit carbon dioxide at a current rate, the global mean temperature will rise at least $6^{\circ}C$ at the end of this century, as predicted by IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). In this case, the ocean waters become acidic and anoxic, and the thermohaline circulation will be halted, and marine ecosystems collapsed.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.169-198
• /
• 2012

The rapidity at which industrial and business management environment has become globalized, including the FTA, has provided valuable opportunities for domestic small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to obtain global technological business. However, it is unclear whether or not the SMEs' attempt to advance global technological business is producing fruitful results. This study begins with defining global technological business and the efforts of SMEs to develop them and proceeds to discuss survey results that asked the reasoning behind SMEs that entered or wish to enter foreign spheres (China, Japan, Southeast Asia, and Europe) of businesses, and also perform factorial analysis to obtain substantiation. The study classified the relevant SMEs using clustering method. Based on the results, the study makes recommendations to executives in instilling global-minded strategies, on customized support strategies depending on the SME's capability and its intended foreign entry sphere, and on strengthening the SME's competence on the global scale.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.401-408
• /
• 2016

Desalination is getting more attention as an alternative to solve a global water shortage problem in the future. Especially, a desalination technology is being expected as a new growth engine of Korea's overseas plant business besides one of the solutions of domestic water shortage problem. In the past, a thermal evaporation technology was a predominant method in desalination market, but more than 75% of the current market is hold by a membrane-based reverse osmosis technology because of its lower energy consumption rate for desalination. In the future, it is expected to have more energy efficient desalination process. Accordingly, various processes are being developed to further enhance the desalination energy efficiency. One of the promising technologies is a desalination process combined with Pressure Retarded Osmosis (PRO) process. The PRO technology is able to generate energy by using osmotic pressure of seawater or desalination brine. And the other benefits are that it has no emission of $CO_2$ and the limited impact of external environmental factors. However, it is not commercialized yet because a high-performance PRO membrane and module, and a PRO system optimization technology is not sufficiently developed. In this paper, the recent research direction and progress of the SWRO-PRO hybrid desalination was discussed regarding a PRO membrane and module, an energy recovery system, pre-treatment and system optimization technologies, and so on.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
• /
• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.459-459
• /
• 2012

Recently, the discharge of global warming gases in dry etching process of TFT-LCD display industry is a serious issue because perfluorocarbon compound (PFC) gas causes global warming effects. PFCs including CF4, C2F6, C3F8, CHF3, NF3 and SF6 are widely used as etching and cleaning gases. In particular, the SF6 gas is chemically stable compounds. However, these gases have large global warming potential (GWP100 = 24,900) and lifetime (3,200). In this work, we chose C3F6O gas which has a very low GWP (GWP100 = <100) and lifetime (< 1) as a replacement gas. This study investigated the effects of the gas flow ratio of C3F6O/O2 and process pressure in dual-frequency capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) etcher on global warming effects. Also, we compared global warming effects of C3F6O gas with those of SF6 gas during dry etching of a patterned positive type photo-resist/silicon nitride/glass substrate. The etch rate measurements and emission of by-products were analyzed by scanning electron Microscopy (SEM; HITACI, S-3500H) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR; MIDAC, I2000), respectively. Calculation of MMTCE (million metric ton carbon equivalents) based on the emitted by-products were performed during etching by controlling various process parameters. The evaluation procedure and results will be discussed in detail.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• 제10권5호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2009

A routing policy based on BGP community routing permits to select a specific route for particular network by making use of user-defined routing policies. Especially, community based routing policy is recently getting a great concern to enhance overall performance in the global research networks which are generally inter-connected large number of different characterized networks. In this paper, we analyze the community routing which has been applied in existing global research networks in the network performance point of view, and catch hold of problems caused by the routing performance in a new global research network. Then, we suggest an effective community routing policy model along with an interconnection architecture of research networks, in order to make correct some wrong routings and resolve an asymmetric routing problem, for a new global research network. Our work is expected to be utilized as an enabling base technology to improve the network performance of future global research networks as well as commercial networks.

• Journal of Korean Society of societal Security
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.33-42
• /
• 2010

This study predicts the stress history for truss bridge with local damages by using global-local model combination method. For this end, the global structure is modeled by 3D frame elements and the selected local details are modeled by shell elements. Then superposition principle enable the global-local model to be combined interactively. Because the frame model cannot consider the rigidity of gusset plate and the interation of structural members due to the complexity of stress distribution in truss connection. The section modification factors are proposed to calibrate the stiffness of global frame element. The global-local model combination is verified by comparing the numerical results with experimental data obtained from the proof loading test to the operating truss bridge. Furthermore, stress histrories of the truss bridge are generated in the consideration of the rigidity of truss connection with local damage by using the combination method.

• Atmosphere
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.223-232
• /
• 2018

The Global-Korean aviation Turbulence Guidance (G-KTG) system is developed using the operational Global Data Assimilation and Prediction System of Korea Meteorological Administration with 17-km horizontal grid spacing. The G-KTG system provides an integrated solution of various clear-air turbulence (CAT) diagnostics and mountain-wave induced turbulence (MWT) diagnostics for low [below 10 kft (3.05 km)], middle [10 kft (3.05 km) - 20 kft (6.10 km)], and upper [20 kft (6.10 km) - 50 kft (15.24 km)] levels. Individual CAT and MWT diagnostics in the G-KTG are converted to a 1/3 power of energy dissipation rate (EDR). 12-h forecast of the G-KTG is evaluated using 6-month period (2016.06~2016.11) of in-situ EDR observation data. The forecast skill is calculated by area under curve (AUC) where the curve is drawn by pairs of probabilities of detection of "yes" for moderate-or-greater-level turbulence events and "no" for null-level turbulence events. The AUCs of G-KTG for the upper, middle, and lower levels are 0.79, 0.69, and 0.63, respectively. Comparison of the upper-level G-KTG with the regional-KTG in East Asia reveals that the forecast skill of the G-KTG (AUC = 0.77) is similar to that of the regional-KTG (AUC = 0.79) using the Regional Data Assimilation and Prediction System with 12-km horizontal grid spacing.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• 제12권10호
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2014

This study was analyzed to relate between business performance and leadership types for global corporations practically. Also, in this study for research, Have developed a research model to analyze comprehensively using the business performance and leadership theory. One of the important things are leader's characteristics or contingency factors at global corporations, but leadership is being re-evaluated through how it enable to perceive and to evaluate at the organization. Therefore, this study had been analyzed to relationship with the type of global readers between the employee's perception and business performance focusing on research model The research results had shown that job satisfaction, performance variables like sales amount, and productivity to be impact on the leadership type of global enterprises. Therefore, this study concluded that the efficiency and performance of the Company may increase when assigned a leadership professional to be able to consider the nature of the global enterprise. Results of the study, will be expected to be a useful guide for control of business performance at global corporation in the future.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.349-367
• /
• 2012

Recently, the global paradigm on the economic structure has been changed from the price-oriented borderless competition toward the sustainable quality movement due to the ever-increasing global warming and environmental issues. Since Korea hosted the global 20 summit in 2010, it has promoted the green growth policies and asked for the other countries to participate in. Unfortunately, it is not easy to figure out the green growth or green productivity because the economic performance has a side effect of environmental pollution such as CO2 emission. This paper aims to analyzes the methodological comparison for all the related issues with green productivity and suggests the new paradigm of global Malmquist-Lundberger index (GML) as the most flexible field and performance-oriented criteria to measure the green productivity.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.142-153
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study was to survey primary students' perception of the global and local environmental issues. The subjects were 853 fifth primary students in Seoul, Busan, Daejeon, Anyang, Gimpo and Cheongju. The results were as follows: First, the perception level of the global environmental issues were global warming (M=3.99), drinking-water pollution (M=3.92), acid rain (M=3.77), yellow dust (M=3.66), ozone depletion (M=3.57), deforestation in tropical areas (M=3.52), desertification (M=3.36), biodiversity (M=3.40) and their perception level of local environmental issues were waste disposal (M=3.87), air pollution (M=3.74), bad smell (M=3.70), noise (M=3.61), river pollution (M=3.57), soil pollution (M=3.44). Second, it was shown that the metropolitan students' perception levels of environmental issues were higher than the non-metropolitan students'. There wasn't a significant difference in the perception levels of two scale environmental issues and characteristics for sex (p>.05). Third, the result of analyzing on the effects between characteristics was that the factors like 'environmental interest' and 'impact on personal life' had a strong influence on the 'behavior will' to solve the global environmental issues, and 'environmental interest' and 'personal knowledge' had a strong influence on the 'behavior will' to solve the local environmental issues. Fourth, the result of analyzing on the characteristics according to the types of the environmental issues showed that 'personal knowledge', 'environmental interest' and 'behavior will' were high in the global environmental issues (p<.01) and 'virtual contamination', 'human responsibility' and 'impact on personal life' were high in the local environmental issues (p<.05).