• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.836-842
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• 2003

1,2-phenylenediamino과 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydro- furan을 빙초산 용매하에서 1-(2-aminophenyl)- pyrrole 5를 합성하였다. 1,3-phenylenediamine과 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran을 빙초산을 사용하여 1-(3-aminophenyl)pyrrole 7과 1,3-dipyrrolyl-benzene 8을 합성하였다. 1,4-phenyl-enediamine과 2,5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran을 빙초산을 사용하여 1,4-dipyrrolylbenzene 10을 합성하였다. 1,2-phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine 그리고 1,4-phenyl-enediamine과 2,5-dimethoxytetra- hydrofuran을 (가) 빙초산 대신, (나) 용매없이, (다) acrylic acid, (라) silica gel, (마) acrylic acid와 silicagel, 그리고 (바) silica gel과 acetic acid를 사용하여 각각 반응시켜 그에 상응하는 amino-phenylpyrroles 5, 7과 dipyrrolylbenzenes 8, 10을 합성하였다. 여러 가지 방법 중 (마) silicagel과 acetic acid를 사용한 경우에 dipyrrolylbenzenes 8, 10의 합성에 관한 반응성이 가장 좋았다. 또한 dicarbazolylbenzene을 합성하기 위한 전단계로 9-phenylcarbazole 11을 합성하였다.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2012

Purpose: A retrospective study with a literature review was conducted to identify the clinical characteristics and prognosis after the acute ingestion of glacial acetic acid. Methods: The medical records of 20 patients,who had presented to the emergency department of Ajou University Hospital complaining of the acute ingestion of glacial acetic acid between January 2006 and December 2011, were examined retrospectively. Results: Among the 172 patients admitted for caustics injury, 20 patients ingested glacial acetic acid. The mean age of the patients was $55{\pm}23.5$, and the mean volume of the acid was $84.5{\pm}71.3$ ml. The clinical features included 1) oral ulcers in 12 patients (63.2%), 2) respiratory difficulties in 11 patients (57.9%), 3) oliguria in 8 patients (42.1%), 4) renal toxicity in 7 patients (36.8%), 5) hepatic failure in 7 patients (36.8%), 6) disseminated intravascular boagulopathyin 7 patients (36.8%), 7) low blood pressure in 8 patients (42.1%), and 8) mental changes in 9 patients (47.4%). Ten patients required endotracheal intubation. Nine patients were admitted to the intensive care unit, and 5 patients expired. Conclusion: The ingestion of glacial acetic acid can cause severe symptoms, such as metabolic acidosis, multiple organ failure and upper airway swelling frequently and has a high mortality rate. Therefore, aggressive treatment, including endotracheal intubation, should be considered at the early stages.

• 약학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.20-23
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• 1960

The study of the isolative determination of the mixed weak bases of INAH and NA-Pas potentimetrically considering the properties of solvents for the INAH and Na-PAS, dielectric constant and solvative properties of solvents are described. The methanol: dioxan (4:1) and glacial acetic acid: dioxan (4:1) are studied first as the mixed solvent, using the N/10 perchloric acid and glacial acetic acid solution as the titrant. The authors found that there is no inflection on INAH with the methanol: dioxan solvent system and on Na-PAS at glacial acetic acid dioxan solvent system. By applying methanol glacial acetic acid dioxan (1:1:1) solvent system, Na-PAS and INAH were successfully determined isolatively from the mixed sample, showing the distinguished inflections respectively as shown in the titration curves in figures 3 and 4. It is found that this method could save considerable time for the isolative determination of the mixed sample of week bases as Na PAS and INHA which were quite difficult to be determined by the present routine at control laboratory.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2018

The ingestion of corrosive substances often leads to severe morbidity and mortality. Acids produce coagulation necrosis with a lesser degree of penetration, whereas alkalis produce liquefactive necrosis with penetration. Acetic acid is a clear, colorless organic acid with a pungent, vinegar-like odor. The ingestion of highly concentrated acetic acid (glacial acetic acid) may cause a range of complications. On the other hand, perforation of the stomach is extremely rare but it has a high mortality rate. This paper reports a case of perforation of the stomach after the ingestion of glacial acetic acid with suicidal intent in an otherwise healthy 76-year-old woman.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2004

Caustic ingestion can produce a progressive and fatal injuries to esophagus, stomach and other organs. Reported exposure to acetic acid results injuries to gastrointestinal tract, hemolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation is general, but causing hepatic necrosis by direct injuries are rare. A 47-year-old man visited our emergency medical center complaining odynophagia and abdominal pain after ingesting glacial acetic acid ($99\%$) with suicidal ideation. At the time of arrival, the patient complained mild abdominal pain but a few hours later the patient complained severe abdominal pain with markedly elevated liver enzymes. The Abdominal Computerized Tomography showed diffuse gastric wall edema and density of wedge shaped hypodense area in right hepatic dome showing focal hepatic necrosis without significant inflammation. This seems likely to be a direct effect of the noxious agent on hepatocyte involving the portal circulation.

• 약학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.110-114
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• 1977

The purified .omicron.-iodobenzoic acid-$^{131}$ I, sodium iodide-$^{131}$I and mixtures of those compounds were applied to radio paper or radio thin layer chromatography to select the developing solvents with useful separation efficiency. The separation efficiencies were checked by radiochromatogram sacnnings. It has been found that the two dimensional radio paper chromatogrphy using the solvent systems of 8% phenol and butanol-glacial acid-water (4:1:1 v/v) and the radio thin layer chromatography using alumina gel plate and butanol- glacial acetic acid- water (4:1:1 v/v) are both efficient. In this method, the Rf value of .omicron.-iodobenzoic acid-$^{131}$ I and the unbound $^{131}$ I is 0.48, 0.85 and 0.15, respectively.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

2% 및 3% 농도의 녹용, 녹각, 굴껍질, 게껍질, 달걀껍질에 빙초산 및 식초를 5%, 10%, 15% 가하여 $30^{\circ}C$에서 4일간 항온시킨 후 용해율을 분석하였는데, 빙초산과 식초의 차이는 미세하였다. 녹용 2% 농도에서 용해율은 42~47%, 3%에서 41~47%였고, 산 농도가 높을수록 약간 증가하였다. 녹각 2% 농도에서 용해율은 59~63%, 3%에서 58~65%였고, 15% 산 농도에서 약간 저하하였다. 굴껍질은 2% 농도에서 용해율 85~96%, 3% 농도에서 95~98%였고, 15% 산 농도에서 낮아졌다. 게껍질은 2% 농도에서 용해율 79~88%, 3%에서 81~95%였고, 산 농도가 높으면 용해율이 약간 증가하였다. 달걀껍질 2% 농도에서는 용해율 84~96%, 3%에서는 84~93%였다. $100^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 가열하면 녹용과 녹각의 용해율은 19~24% 증가하였고, 게껍질은 10~11% 증가하였다. 이상의 결과와 조건, pH 및 산도 결과는 빙초산과 식초의 산 농도는 용해율에 크게 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 보여주었다. 그러므로 시료 3%를 녹이는 데는 산도 5%로 충분하였다. 여러 유기산에 대한 용해율은 빙초산과 식용 식초가 가장 높고, 동아식초는 굴껍질을 85%, 게껍질을 78%, 녹용을 28% 녹였고, 녹각에 대하여서는 침전을 만들었다. 구연산은 녹각을 57% 녹였으나, 다른 시료와는 모두 침전을 만들었다. 아스코르브산은 달걀껍질을 92% 녹였고, 다른 시료는 37~54% 녹였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2008

2-Aminothiazole ring as a bioisoster of catechol in dopamine has provided with good oral availability and lipophilic property. Selenium was reported to have an improved antioxidant ability and to reduce the loss of dopamine. 2-Aminoindan, is a rigid form of dopamine, was evaluated as a dopamine agonist with low neurotoxocity. In order to develop a novel dopamine agonist, we tried to synthesize the selenazoloaminoindan derivative that is a hybrid structure of aminoindan and aminoselenazole instead of aminothiazole. 2-Indanone-2-oxime was reduced with $TiCl_4$ and $NaBH_4$ to form 2-aminoindan, which was reacted with propionyl chloride to give 2-N-n-propionylaminoindan (2). Compound 2 was reduced with $TiCl_4$ and $NaBH_4$ to afford 2-N-n-propylaminoindan (3) and it was nitrated and reduced to form 5-amino-2-N-n-propylaminoindan (5), which was reacted with KSeCN, $Br_2$, and glacial acetic acid to give 4,6-dibromo-5- amino-2-N-n-propylaminoindan (7) instead of selenazole ring formation. Otherwise, compound 2 was nitrated and hydrogenated to form 5-amino-2-N-n-propionylaminoindan (9), which was treated with KSeCN, $Br_2$, and glacial acetic acid to give 4,6-dibromo-5-amino-2-N-n-propionylaminoindan (10). Compound 9 was cyc1ized with KSeCN and glacial acetic acid in the absence of $Br_2$ to give 6-amino-2-N-(n-propionylamino)selenazolo[4,5-f]indan (11).

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.126-134
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• 2018

Using aqueous solution free radical polymerization with glacial acrylic acid (GAA), maleic anhydride (MA) and sodium methallyl disulfonate (SMADS), a novel linear polycarboxylate dispersant was synthesized for ceramics. Dispersant linear structural characterization was done by FTIR, $^1H$ NMR, HPLC and GPC, and the ratio of monomers was determined using an orthogonal experiment. This research is focused on the effects of polymerization temperature, monomer mole ratios and dosage of initiator on ceramic slurry viscosity with linear polycarboxylate dispersant for ceramic dosage rate of 0.30% (based on dry slurry), all of which were investigated by single factor test. The best polymerization conditions for linear GAA-MA-SMADS are when n(AA) : n(MA) : n(SMADS) equals 3.0 : 1.0 : 0.5, the molecular weight of the polymer is 4600 daltons, the initiator sodium persulfate accounts for 7% of the total mass of polymerized monomers, the polymerization temperature is $90^{\circ}C$ and the reaction time is 2 h. The ceramic body slurry viscosity drops from $820mPa{\cdot}s$ to $46mPa{\cdot}s$ when the concentration of the polycarboxylate dispersant is 0.30%.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-4
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• 1992

4-Acetylantipyrine 1 underwent condensation with 4-formyl-antipyrine 2 to give 3. Condensation of either 3 with 1 or 1 with 2 in a molar ratio of (2 :1) afforded 4. Cyclization of 4 in the presence of PPA and ammonium acetate or 4-aminoantipyrine in the presence of glacial acetic acid gave 5-6 respectively. Claisen condensation of 1 with ethyl acetate and diethyl oxalate afforded compounds 8-10. The reaction of 1 and 2 with indole in ethanol/conc. hyddrochloric acid was also investigated.