• Toxicological Research
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2013

In-utero exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been known as a potent inducer of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), not only in humans, but also in animals. In addition to the defects in communication and social interaction as well as repetitive behaviors, ASD patients usually suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) problems. However, the exact mechanism underlying these disorders is not known. In this study, we examined the gross GI tract structure and GI motility in a VPA animal model of ASD. On embryonic day 12 (E12), 4 pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subcutaneously injected with VPA (400 mg/kg) in the treatment group, and with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) in the control group; the resulting male offspring were analyzed at 4 weeks of age. VPA exposure decreased the thickness of tunica mucosa and tunica muscularis in the stomach and ileum. Other regions such as duodenum, jejunum, and colon did not show a significant difference. In high-resolution microscopic observation, atrophy of the parietal and chief cells in the stomach and absorptive cells in the ileum was observed. In addition, decreased staining of the epithelial cells was observed in the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained ileum section. Furthermore, decreased motility in GI tract was also observed in rat offspring prenatally exposed to VPA. However, the mechanism underlying GI tract defects in VPA animal model as well as the association between abnormal GI structure and function with ASD is yet to be clearly understood. Nevertheless, the results from the present study suggest that this VPA ASD model undergoes abnormal changes in the GI structure and function, which in turn could provide beneficial clues pertaining to the pathophysiological relevance of GI complications and ASD phenotypes.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2020

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare disorder characterized by a triad of abnormal bone and soft tissue growth, the presence of a port-wine stain, and venous malformations. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations of KTS are relatively common and generally do not cause significant problems. However, persistence can lead to chronic GI blood loss or even massive bleeding in rare cases. The majority of the severe GI manifestations associated with KTS present as vascular malformations around the GI tract and exposed vessels can lead to serious bleeding into the GI tract. Herein, we report a case of a 16-year-old boy with severe iron deficiency anemia who was previously misdiagnosed as hemorrhoid due to small amount of chronic bleeding. The actual cause of chronic GI bleeding was from an uncommon GI manifestation of KTS as rectal polyposis.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.307-313
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• 1996

In order to study for the principle of the Dan-Jeon respiration and Seon meditation to be ascetic exercises for the sake of experience of Oriental medicine as practical science, they were investigated the theory of the Jeong-Gi-Shin. The results obtained were as fallows ; 1. The Dan-Jeon respiration was Mahayana of ascetic exercises to act demension of Gi to be observed two sides of material and spirit. 2. The Seon meditation was Mahayanea of exercises to experience demension of Shin to be the subject of life directly. 3. Even though Dan-Jeon respiration takes the golden mean of Shin, it belongs to the category of Jeon-Gi to correspond to appearance of material dimension. Seon meditation utilizes the Jeong-Gi in the stage of the golden mean of Shin. As results, Dan-Jeon respiration does not get out of the world of appearance centering around the Gi. But Seon meditation gets out of the world of appearance and utilizers the relativity in the free absoluteness.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.423-435
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• 1999

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1992

This study has been carried out to investigate the cause, symptom and treatment of Gi-Chun (氣喘) by referring to 32 literatures. The results were obtained as follows; 1. The factor causing Gi-Chun (氣喘) is almost damage of feeling (七情損傷). 2. The symptom of Gi-Chun (氣喘) is as follows. agony, breathing urgent, cold hand and feet, body tired, low appetite 3. The treatment of Gi-Chun (氣喘) is as follows. Sunpaeganggi(宣肺降氣), Jihaepyungchun(止咳平喘), gudam(去痰) 4. The drugs(herb) of Gi-Chun (氣喘) is as follows. Samatang(四磨湯), Sachiltang(四七湯), Sojaganggitang(蘇子降氣湯), Gilgyungjigaktang(桔梗枳殼湯), Gamisachiltang(加味四七湯), Gamisoyosan(加味逍遙散).

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.80-85
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• 1992

This study has been carried out to investigate the cause, symptom and treatment of Gi-Su(氣嗽) by referring to 20 literatures. The results were as follows; 1. The factors causing Gi-Su(氣嗽) divided into 3 groups. The 1st outer factors are mental element, 2nd spleen week 3rd dam(痰). 2. The symptom of Gi-Su(氣嗽) is as follows. stimulus feeling in throat, cough, pain of sub-ribs, bad feeling, retching, vomiting, unfair, fatigue, worn, diarrhea, dark tongue, makhyun(脈弦). 3. The treatment of Gi-Su(氣嗽) is as follows. gaewulhanggi(關鬱行氣), egichungpae(利膈淸肺), hwadam(化痰), soganhaeWul(疏肝解鬱), hanggidoche(行氣導滯), sangyuljedam(散結除痰) 4. The drugs of Gi-Su(氣嗽) is as follows. chilgitang(七氣湯), gamisachiltang(加味四七湯), sojaganggitang(蘇子降氣湯), banhahubaktang(半夏厚朴湯).

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.21-25
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• 2008

This study investigates the life of Benjamin Hobson(合信, 1816.1.2-1873.2.13)-the writer of five books of western medicine which influenced the establish of "ShinGiCheonHeom(身機踐驗)"-in order to expand our base to study "ShinGiCheonHeom". Findings and results of the investigation are as follows. 1. Treatise on Physiology("全體新論") excited a deeper interest among the Chinese literati and was so eagerly sought after that a reprint of it was made for sale. The income of works of Hobson's probably excited a deeper interest among the Korean literati also. 2. We found Hobson had written many works. Among those we must pay attention to A Medical Vocabulary in English and Chinese("醫學英華字釋"). Through this book we can reach agreeable translation of "ShinGiCheonHeom". 3. Evangelism and philanthropism promoted activities of Hobson as a doctor and as a an introducer of western medicine. But ignorance of oriental medicine-Hobson thought medical science in China was at a low level-lied in these activities and passion to do it. Nowadays we must wipe out thought of this way through the scientific way.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.599-609
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to review the trend of Dong-gi acupuncture treatment and to suggest the future direction of its study. We performed literature search using KISS, RISS, NDSL, DBpia, OASIS, National Assembly Library and CNKI. We categorized literatures by year, diseases or symptoms, type of articles, motion types, acupoints, and clinical methods. There were few Korean researches found, but recently research in China has been growing rapidly. According to the researches, Dong-gi acupuncture treatment has been mainly used for painful symptoms of musculoskeletal diseases using distal acupoints. However, its field of application has been widening. It has been shown to be effective for a variety of diseases like cerebrovascular disease or neurologic disorder. We expect Dong-gi acupuncture treatment to be widely applied for various diseases and more clinical studies performed to prove the curative effect on various diseases.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.183-198
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• 2002

Jang Gyung Ak thought the Yang Gi was the basis of life. This is why he said doctors should emphasize on preserving Yang Gi. Before his emphasis on Yang Gi he had to study and criticize the medical concept of HaGan, DanGye and DongWon. By criticizing and overcoming their medical concept's fallacy and limitations, he made his own medicine. JangGyungAk found the importance of YangGi in the theory of changes. In the "the Book of Changes" it is said the rising movement of YangGi is expressed by recipricals and propels heaven and earth, yin and yang to change. The phenomenon of life is also a reciprocal and is lead by YangGi, and so medicine should value Yang Gi. Because the phenomenon of life is lead by this Yang Gi, it is right to base changes of diseases and organize pattern identification. The pattern identification JangGyungAk presented as two Gang six Byun sets its base on YangGi.

• 한국의사학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2023

Objectives : This paper is to find the meaning of Tan pulse at Chon and Cheok area due to pathological situation at Yang-gyo vessel & Yin-gyo vessel in Qikooujiudamai Diagnosis. Methods : In terms of Qikooujiudamai, the position to diagnose the Yang-gyo vessel & Yin-gyo vessel is Chon and Cheok position and the pulse is Tan pulse. To find the meaning of Tan pulse, wi-gi was analyzed. Then the correlation between Yang-gyo vessel & Yin-gyo vessel with wi-gi was analyzed to find the meaning of Tan pulse. Results & Conclusion : Yang-gyo vessel & Yin-gyo vessel have close connection with Wi-gi and its rise and fall is expressed by sleep. The Tan pulse means that Yang-gyo vessel & Yin-gyo vessel is in pathological situation by Wi-gi. By knowing the Qikooujiudamai's meaning, we can use acupucture treatment and medicine more precisely.