• 식품보건융합연구
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2018

Proteins play a key role in many functions such as metabolic activity, differentiation, as cargos and cell fate regulators. It is necessary to know about the markers involved in male fertility in order to develop remedies for the treatment of male infertility. But, the role of the proteins is not limited to particular function in the biological systems. Some of the proteins act as ion channels such as catsper and proteins like Nanos acts as a translational repressor in germ cells and expressed in prenatal period whose role in male fertility is uncertain. Rbm5 is a pre mRNA splicing factor necessary for sperm differentiation whose loss of function results deficit in sperm production. DEFB114 is a beta defensin family protein necessary for sperm motility in LPS challenged mice where as TEX 101 is a plasma membrane specific germ cell protein whose function is not clearly known u to now. Gpr56 is another adhesion protein whose null mutation leads to arrest of production of pups in rats. Amyloid precursor protein role in Alzheimer's disease is already known but it plays an important role in male fertility also but its function is uncertain and has to be considered while targeting APP during the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The study on amyloid precursor protein in male fertility is a novel thing but requires further study in correlation to alzheimer's disease.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.55-63
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• 1995

The putative totipotency germ cells has a relative abundance of alkaline phosphatases. Thus, histological staining of AP activity offers a new route to isolate totipotent cells and also provides insights into culture systems of these cells. Furthermore, the AP staining technique is simple and fast, requires only the napthol AS/MS substrate in combination with trapping diazonium salts such as fast red or fast blue. However, our unexpected finding was that AP staining of mouse ES cells were detected in the undifferentiaed epiblast-derived cells as well as several types of differentiating cells. This findings are different from results of Talbot et al. (1993) reported usefulness of the AP staining and implies that histological staining of AP may not by useful to determine undifferentiaed state or totipotency of ES cells. Thus, we have investigated the patterns of AP expression by RT-PCR in order to identify a marker of undifferentiated ES/primordial germ (PG) cells. In RT-PCR analysis, embryonic (E)-AP was detected only in undifferentiated ES cells, but intestinal(I)-AP was not detected in all of the examined ES and PG cells. In addition, nonspecific (NS)-AP wasdetected in undifferentiated PG cell from day 7, 5 to 13 of gestation. Histological activity of AP in ES cells was completely suppressed by addition of L-phenylalanine (Phe), L-homoarginine (Har), and L-phenylalanylglycylglycine (PheGlyGly) as an inhibitor, but RT-PCR showed the same results as in the absence of an inhibitors. Our findings suggested that expression of E-AP and NS-AP may use as a marker to determine the undifferentiated status in ES and PG cells.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2000년도 제17차 정기총회 및 학술발표
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• pp.75-77
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• 2000

Retaining migratory activity is a prerequisite for the manipulation and use of PGCs. This study was conducted to examine whether migratory activity is retained in the primordial germ cells(PGCs) from gonads at the later embryonic developmental stage. In the present study, gonads were dissected from 5-, 6- and 10-day-old quail embryos and treated with trypsin-EDTA for the degradation of gonadal tissue. Gonadal PGCs (gPGCs) were purified by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and labeled with PKH26 fluorescent dye. The PKH26-labeled gPGCs were microinjected into the blood vessels of recipient quail embryo. After further incubation of 3 days, the manipulated recipients were embedded in paraffin and sectioned. The gPGCs were detected by their fluorescence under the fluorescent microscopy and the confocal laser microscopy. As a result, 10-day-old quail gPGCs as well as 5-and 6-day-old gPGCs, could migrate to recipient embryonic gonads and settle down. These results suggest that the 10-day-old gPGCs have the properties of circulating PGCs at early stage. Therefore the PGCs from 10-day old embryonic gonads can be used for the tools of genetic manipulation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.409-414
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• 1999

In order to investigate the changes of rice qualities during 4 years storage of paddy stored in ware-house of normal temperature condition. Temperature in warehouse was changed more than 3$0^{\circ}C$ under the influence of average temperature outside of a warehouse. Water content of paddy was not increased over 15% But as average temperature in warehouse was gone up 18$^{\circ}C$ from June to September every years it was supposed that these periods were to be deterioration of rice quality. On investigation of change in paddy it was supposed that these periods were to be deterioration of rice quality. On investigation of change in paddy components during the long term storage, reducing, sugar, amylose, crude protein were increased 0.24%, 19.23%, 7.02% at enterance time to 0.5%, 20.31% 7.46% 4 years later respectively. Max viscosity final visocity and set back value by amylograph were increased 449B,U 610B.U, 161B.U to 493B.U, 715B,U 222B.U but breakdown was decreased 125B.U to 76B.U with the increase of storage period. Gel consistency of rice stored was decreased 44.7mm at enterance time to 39,9mm 4years later. Fatty acid was increased remarkably 4.5KOHmg/100g to 24.4KOHmg/100g. Germination ratio and germ activity of paddy during long-term storage were decreased 97%, 100% to 0%, 0.4% respectively, With the increase of storage period contaminated paddy by molds increased and its by bacteria decreas-ed.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.425-438
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• 1997

To assess the testicular toxicity induced by DA-125, a new anthracycline anticancer agent, the test substance was intraveneously administered to male beagle dogs at dose levels of 0, 0.0023, 0.0375, 0.15, and 0.6 mg/kg/day, 6 days a week for 26 weeks. At 0.6 mg/kg/day, 1 out of 3 dogs had died on day 42 of treatment and the other dogs were sacrificed on days 46 and 122 of treatment due to the increasingly severe clinical condition. Clinical signs considered to be related to treatment were included anorexia, vomiting, salivation, decreased activity, mucous and/or dark faeces, diarrhea, and swelling, abscess and/or ulceration of injection sites. Suppression in body weight gain, reduction in food intake, decreases in testicular weight and size, and hemorrhage of epididymis were also observed in male dogs. Microscopically, severe degenerative changes such as atrophy of seminiferous tubules, loss of germ cells, degeneration of germ cells, vacuolization of Sertoli cells, and hyperplasia of Leydig cells were observed in all dogs. Azoospermia in epididymal tubules, atrophy of epithelia in the cauda epididymis, and prostate atrophy were also found. At 0.15 mg/kg/day, anorexia, vomiting, salivation, diarrhea, and swelling of injection sites were observed. In addition, suppression in body weight gain and decreases in testicular weight and size were found in male dogs. Atrophy of seminiferous tubules, decrease of germ cells, degeneration, exfoliation and retention of germ cells, vacuolization of Sertoli cells, and hyperplasia of Leydig cells were observed by histopathological examination. Azoospermia in epididymal tubules and prostate atrophy were also found. At 0.0375 mg/kg/day, there were no clinical signs considered to be indicative of a reaction to treatment, but testicular size was significantly reduced. Microscopically, decreases in the number of spermatogonia and epidydimal speramtozoa were found. There were no evidences of general or testicular toxicity at 0.0023 mg/kg/day. These results indicate that DA-125 produces significant and persistent damage to the spermatogenic compartments of the testes in male beagle dogs.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.145-150
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• 1990

고환암에서 mesna는 ifosfamide와 병용 투여하면 요관 계통의 부작용을 방지할 수 있으며, adriamycin과 같이 사용하는 경우 항암제의 세포증식 억제능을 감소시키지 않으면서 부작용을 경감 시킨다. 방사선 보호제의 sulfhydryl가 방사선에 의하여 발생하는 hydroxyl 유리기와 반응하여 조직을 보호할 수 있고, 역시 체내에서 유리기를 발생하는 adriamycin의 독작용을 musua가 감소시키는 사실에 근거하여, 쥐에 mesna와 방사선을 투여하여 mesna의 방사선보호 작용을 관찰하였다. 본 연구에서는 방사선 단독 처치군과 mesna와 방사선 처치군에서 고환의 수정관 내의 배아세포의 수와 형태적 변화를 현미경 하에서 매주 비교하고 재생 능력의 차이를 확인하였다. 양쪽 군에서 공히 초기에 세포 수가 감소하고 후기에 다시 세포가 증식 하였으며, 가장 세포 수가 적게 관찰된 시기는 방사선 조사 후 3주 째였다. 모든 관찰 기간에서 mesna 처치군의 평균 배아 세포수가 방사선 단독 처치군보다 통계적으로 유의하게 많이 관찰되었고(p<0.05), 또한 mesna 처치군에서 더 유효한 세포 재생 능력이 있음이 관찰되었다. 이는 mesna가 방사선 상해로부터 고환의 수정관 내 배아세포를 보호하고 있음을 입증하는 것으로 사료된다. Mesna가 고환 이외의 다른 조직을 방사선으로부터 보호할 수 있는지의 여부와 종양의 관해율을 저해하지 않을지에 대하여는 더 이상의 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2008

목 적: 본 연구에서는 신생 생쥐 고환으로부터 다분화능 생식줄기세포주 (MGSCs)를 확립하고, 배아체 형성을 통한 삼배엽성 세포로의 분화 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 고환에서 유래한 MGSCs를 확립하기 위하여 생후 $2{\sim}3$일된 생쥐 고환 조직으로부터 세포들을 분리하여 1% FBS를 첨가한 생쥐 배아줄기세포주 배양조건에서 배양하였다. MGSCs 콜로니가 형성된 후에는 배양액의 FBS의 농도를 15%로 높였다. 이러한 과정으로 확립된 MGSCs의 미분화 및 분화 특성을 배아줄기세포주와 비교, 분석하였다. 결 과: 신생 생쥐 고환 조직에서 수획한 세포들로 실시한 9번의 배양실험에서 2개의 MGSCs 세포주를 확립하였다. MGSCs 세포주와 생쥐 배아줄기세포 모두에서 미분화 표지인자인 Thy-1, Oct-4, Nanog, Sox2의 발현과 alkaline phosphatase 활성을 관찰할 수 있었으며, MGSCs의 미세구조 또한 생쥐 배아줄기세포와 유사하였다. MGSCs에서 형성된 배아체에서 삼배엽성 표지유전자의 발현을 확인하였다. 결 론: 본 연구의 결과는 배아줄기세포의 윤리적인 문제점을 극복할 수 있는 고환 유래의 다분화능 MGSCs가 생물공학과 재생의학에서 효율적으로 이용될 수 있는 가능성을 보여준 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.465-472
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• 2019

Candida albicans는 기회감염을 유발하는 주요한 병원성 진균 중의 하나이다. 캔디다증 치료과정에서 항진균제에 대한 내성이 흔히 발견되는데, 그 이유는 Candida가 바이오필름을 형성할 수 있기 때문이다. 이전의 연구에서 우리는 단삼(Salvia miltiorriza)의 에탄올추출물이 세포막의 투과성을 변화시키고 세포벽 합성을 저해하여 항캔디다 활성을 나타냄을 밝혔다. 본 연구에서는 10개 C. albicans 임상균주가 형성한 초기단계의 바이오필름을 대상으로 XTT 환원분석법으로 대사활성을 측정하니, $78{\mu}g/ml$ 단삼 에탄올추출물에 의해 바이오필름의 대사활성이 평균 51.3% 감소되었다. C. albicans 세포들이 폴리스티렌 표면에 부착하거나 germ tube를 형성하는 과정에서의 단삼 에탄올추출물의 영향을 현미경으로 분석하니, $39{\mu}g/ml$ 단삼 에탄올추출물에 의해 부착된 세포의 밀도는 현저하게 감소하였으나 germ tube 형성은 거의 억제하지 못했다. 단삼 에탄올추출물이 C. albicans SC5314 세포의 균사에 특이적인 유전자 발현에 미치는 영향을 qPCR로 분석한 결과, EAP1은 34.7% (p < 0.001), ALS1은 45.0% (p < 0.001), ALS3는 48.1% (p < 0.001), ECE1은 21.3% (p = 0.006) 억제하였다. 결론적으로 단삼의 에탄올추출물은 초기단계의 C. albicans 바이오필름 발달을 효율적으로 저해하며, 이는 EAP1, ALS1, ALS3 유전자의 발현억제에 따른 세포부착 억제와 관련이 있다. 더불어 단삼 에탄올추출물의 C. albicans 세포막 기능저해와 세포벽 합성억제에 의한 구조변화 또한 세포부착단계에서의 바이오필름 발달억제에 기여할 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.261-267
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• 1996

To examine the potential utilization of chitosan, the biodegradable natural polymer, as a control agent of apple white rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea in a new control measure by coating it on the diseased branches, the various antifungal activities of chitosan was investigated. Chitosan showed significant inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of B. dothidea, along with the morphological changes including hyphal swelling and ultrastructural changes on solid PDA medium. In liquid PD broth medium, the chitosan showed more significant effect on the growth of B. dothidea also forming cell clusters indicating affection on the hyphal extension. The growth of B. dothidea was inhibited more than 90% at the concentration of 1.0 mg/ml. Chitosan also detained the spore germination and induced the morphological change of germ tubes. Glucosamine, monomer of chitosan, did not affect on the growth of B. dothidea indicating the antifungal activity was caused by chitosan polymer.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 1997

Plant growth-promoting Psudomonas fluorescens GL20 was isolated from a ginseng rhizosphere on chrome azurol Sagar. P. fluorescens GL20 produced a large amount of hydoxamate siderophore in an iron-deficient medium. The siderophore showed significantly high specific activity of 20.2 unit. Using an in vitro antifungal test, P. fluorescens GL20 considerably suppressed growth of phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium solani, inhibiting spore germination and germ tube elongation. In pot trials of kidney beans with P. fluorescens GL20, disease incidence was remarkably reduced up to $68{\%}$ compared with that of F. solani alone, and plant growth was also increased nearly 1.6 fold as compared to that of the untreated control, promoting elongation and development of the roots. These results indicate that the plant growth-promoting activity of P. fluorescens GL20 can play an important role in biological control of soil-borne plant disease in a rhizosphere, enhancing the growth of plants.