• 암석학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2011

제주시 봉개동의 고냉이술 일대의 지질은 오래된 것으로부터 영평동현무암, 신안동현무암, 봉개동현무암 및 분석층으로 구성된다. 영평동현무암과 신안동현무암은 고냉이술 오름의 남쪽 중산간 지역에 위치하고, 고냉이술 오름과 그 북부 저지대 일원에는 봉개동현무암이 분포한다. 봉개동현무암은 아아 용암으로 주로 구성되며, 용암 켜 사이에 두터운 클링커를 협재하고 있다. 고냉이술 오름은 화산지형학적으로 하나의 독립된 소화산으로 만들어져 있으며, 고냉이술 오름의 산정부에는 낮은 외륜산릉으로 둘러싸여 있는 넓은 분화구를 가지고, 그 내부에는 분지형 함물지인 여러 개의 피트 분화구(pit carter)를 가지는 용암순상화산이다. 고냉이술 오름의 저면 고도는 295 m에서 300 m (평균 297.5 m)이며, 최고봉의 고도는 304.5 m, 저면의 지름은 평균 597.5 m, 비고는 7.9 m로 사면경사각은 $1.5^{\circ}$이다.

• 동굴
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• 제68호
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• pp.5-22
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• 2005

Since earlier in 1947 the writer had been devoting part of his time to study alluvial fans in Korea based on his own interest in geomorphology. However, it was in 1958 when a new geography department was set up and the Research Center of National Lands was established in the university of Kyung Hee, the writer started scientific investigation for alluvial fans. The Following alluvial fans have been studied by the writer: those of Mt. Kwanak and Mt. Chungge in 1947; those of Pulkuksa in 1948; those of Suhnamsa, Suh Myun, Pusan in 1950; those of Shindonae, Mt. Kerrong, in summer of 1958; those of Hwaomsa, Kure and Yongsan Myun, Changhung, in winter of 1958. The article is the comparative study of the above mentioned alluvial fans including Suhkwangsa Fan, Chugaryng Rift Valley. Of course this is not the study covering all af alluvial fans in Korea. Within the limits of his surbey, the writer has com to a conclusion which may be helpful for the Korean alluvial fm study. 1. Korean alluvial fans are generally found in rift valleys or basins. 2. They are formed in places of below 220-meter contour line. 3. The slope from fna apex to river valley is 20-40 degree. The slope of fan surface is 5-20 degree, but most of them under 16 degree. A sudden change of slope is taken place or the fan apex and fan center. 4. Hills (100-200m) are developed on the surfaces of alluvial fans. 5. Most of rivers in alluvial fans are geyser rivers. 6. The depth of well : from ground surface to the well water surface is 4-8 m; water depth is 1-2m. 7. Land utilization; cultivated land 30%: non cultivatedland 70%. The area occupied by upland fields is twice of paddy field area. 8. Settlement : agglomerated settlement is developed on the top or the end of fan and surrounded by windbreakers. 9. Farming pattern at the top of fan fields are rectangular and parallel to flumes but at the center of fan, they are irregular and perpendicular to flumes.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.633-645
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• 2003

GIS기법과 원격탐사 기법은 수문학의 지형자료 구축과 응용 분야에 활발하게 이용되고 있으며 다방면에서 많은 연구가 진행 중이다. 본 연구에서는 산악지역에서 토양 특성과 토지 피복 상태에 따라 유출 특성이 어떻게 나타나는지를 CN값을 산정하여 평가 하였다. 토지 피복 분류에 신경망 기법을 사용하여 보다 적합한 분류 방법을 모색하고자 했고, CN값 산정을 위한 연산에 GIS기법출 사용하였다. 우선 샘플지역을 선정하여 토지 피복의 정확도를 평가하면, 기존의 최우도법(80.9%)과 신경망 기법(84.1%)에서 신경망 기법 분류 결과가 상대적으로 우수하므로 신경망 기법으로 토지 피복을 분류하였다. 그리고 SCS방법으로 토양도를 이용하여 AMC-II 조건하에서 CN값을 산정하면 수작업 토지이용도는 55, 신경망 분류 토지 피복도는 57로 비슷한 결과로 나타났다. 이를 토대로 전체 유역에 대해서 신경망 기법으로 분류한 토지 피복도를 사용하여 CN값을 산정하여 적용함으로써 타당성을 증명했다. 앞으로 신경망 기법을 이용한 토지 피복 분류와 GIS기법의 적용으로 보다 정확하고 신속한 CN값 산정이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.138.2-138.2
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• 2012

Cave on the Moon is considered as the most appropriate place for human to live during the frontier lunar exploration. While the lava flows, the outer crust gets cooled and solidified. Then, the empty space is remained inside after lava flow stops. Such empty space is called the lava caves. Those lava tubes on the Earth are formed mostly by volcanic activity. However, the lava tubes on satellite like Moon and planet like Mars without volcanic activity are mostly formed by the lava flow inside of the crater made by large meteorite impact. Some part of lava tube with collapsed ceiling appears as the entrance of the cave. Such area looks like a deep crater so called a pit crater. Four large pit craters with diameter of > 60 m and depth of > 40 m are found without difficulty from Kaguya and LRO mission image archives. However, those are too deep to use as easily accessible human frontier base. Therefore, now we are going to identify some smaller lunar caves with accessible entrances using LRO camera images of 0.5 m/pixel resolution. Earth's lava caves and their entrances are well photographed by surface and aerial camera in immense volume. Thus, if the image data are sorted and archived well, those images can be used in comparison with the less distinct lunar cave and entrance images due to its smaller size. Then, we can identify the regions on the Moon where there exist caves with accessible entrances. The database will be also useful in modeling geomorphology for lunar and Martian caves for future artificial intelligence investigation of the caves in any size.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2014

지형경관을 단순한 기호로 사용하여 지도화하면 지형의 형태와 내재된 형성과정에 대한 표현에 한계가 있다. 지형경관 지도화에 대한 문제해결을 위한 대안 중에 하나가 지도를 통해 실제 경관을 상상할 수 있도록 연상기호를 제작하는 방법이다. 본 연구는 지형경관을 효과적으로 표현할 수 있는 지형 연상기호 제작 방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 지형은 정태적인 경관이 아니고 토양형성 작용과 지형형성 작용으로 변화하는 대상이다. 지형을 지도화하기 위해 형태, 변화, 그리고 물질이 표현될 수 있도록 기호가 설계가 되어야 하며, 축척에 따라 점/면, 선/면, 점/선의 축척 가변성을 고려하여 지형기호를 제작해야 한다. 본 연구는 지형학적 연구뿐만 아니라 환경, 생태학, 고고학, 토목 분야에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 본다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.92-98
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to establish the decision criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry using soil morphological and physical properties. The investigation was carried out in Gochang, Sunchang, Jeongeup, Pohang, and Hoengseong districts in Korea. The obtained results showed that factors related to the decision criteria of the soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry cultivation were soil texture, soil drainage class, land slope, and available soil depth. The criteria of the best suitability soil for Korean Black raspberry was valley/fan or hill geomorphology, well or moderately drainage class, B-slope(2-7%), coarse loamy soil texture family, less than <15% gravel contents, and available soil depth deeper than 100cm. The area criteria of soil suitability for Korean Black raspberry of Gochang was more than 50% including best and suitable areas.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2016

This study investigated changes of hydrology, soil characteristics, riparian vegetation communities, and geomorphology in sandbars before and after sand-mining to determine the effect of sand-mining at upstream of Guemgang and Bochungcheon streams in Korea. Sand-mining events affected the mining area. They supplied organic matters and nutrients during flood. Sediment deposition caused soil texture change and expansion of vegetation area. However, riverbeds were stabilized after the disturbance. According to the analyses of aerial photographs, the vegetation area was significantly expanded in both dam-regulated streams and dam-unregulated streams after sand-mining. Willow shrubs advanced in disturbed area at an average of 10 years after sand-mining. It took willows trees 10.6 years to become dominant communities. Therefore, it took a total of 20.6 years for new riparian forest to form in sandbar after sand-mining. Our results confirmed that stream flow condition were dependent on vegetation recruitment in dam-regulated streams and dam-unregulated streams. For willow recruitment in unregulated streams, calculation of water level below dimensionless bed shear stress is important because low water level variation is a limiting factor of vegetation recruitment.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.349-356
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• 2003

한반도 남해안의 중앙부에 위치한 광양만에서 조간대 퇴적물의 계절적 변화를 조사하기 위하여 집적률과 표층퇴적물에 대한 모니터링을 실시하였다. 2년에 걸친 조사결과 광양만 조간대는 주로 겨울에 퇴적되고 세립해지며, 여름에는 간헐적으로 발생되는 태풍과 폭우에 의해 침식되며 조립해지는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 겨울의 퇴적현상은 파랑의 영향을 강하게 받는 서해안 조간대가 주로 겨울에 침식되는 것과 상반된 결과로, 이는 광양만의 반폐쇄적인 지형적 특성에 따라 파랑의 발달이 극히 제한되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다 한편, 공단조성을 위해 주변에 인위적인 매립이 진행되고 있는 조간대에서는 계절과 무관하게 침식이 가속화되고 있다.

• 한국지형학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.57-73
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• 2017

The formation of the lava dam of the paleo lake blocked the entrance to the Chatancheon River on the Jeongok lava plateau and it suddenly transformed the terrestrial ecosystem into the aquatic one by the overflow. The spiders in the lava dam adapted in the wetland and evolved into water spiders that could survive by forming bubble houses. Since then, the lava dam was connected to the present Hantangang River due to the dissection and the lake became a terrestrial environment, a small area of marsh composed of primarily clay soil layer. Change in water level of the habitat and thus the extension of the terrestrial area made the species a endangered now. This study carried out frequency of occurrence, degree of wetness and plant habitats of the vascular plant in the water spider habitat. As a result of this study, total 180taxa are of 55 (30.6%) wetland plant groups and of 113 (62.8%) upland plant groups except facultative plant groups. Among the wetland plant groups, the Isachne globosa community occupied the largest area, where the water spiders were most observed. The result of this study, the classification and the types of vascular plant species, would provide useful information for the sustaining healthy wetland ecosystem and the restoration of the habitat for the water spiders.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.229-245
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• 2018

This study aims to investigate the changes in the riparian vegetated area in the Naeseong stream, an unregulated river, in order to analyze the main factors leading to these changes. For this purpose, the land surface cover in the channel area of the Naeseong stream was classified into 9 categories using past aerial photographs collected between 1970 and 2016, which recorded the long-term changes of the Naeseong stream. The increase or decrease in the vegetated area was calculated for each category using a pair of before and after images. The changes in the vegetated area were divided into 6 periods: the unvegetated channel period (1970 - 1980), the first rapid increase (1980 - 1986), the period of decrease due to flood (1986 - 1988), the period of repetitive man-induced disturbance and vegetation increase (1988 - 2008), the period of gradual vegetation increase (2008 - 2013), and the period of second rapid increase (2013 - 2016). Multiple regression analysis was performed using independent variables representing hydrology, climate, and geomorphology. The major variables found to be involved in the changes in the vegetated area of the Naeseong stream were the discharge during June - July, channel width, and temperature during April - June. Among the three variables, discharge and temperature were respectively the main independent variables in the downstream and the upstream reaches as per a single variable model. Channel width was the variable that distinguished the upstream and downstream reaches of the stream. The implication of the long-term increase in the vegetated area in the Naeseong stream was discussed based on the result of this study.