• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.164-171
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• 2015

Although coal-fired power generation has played a role as base load unit, it has incurred various social costs in the process of generating and providing electricity. It is necessary to extend the proportion of low-carbon power generations, and reduce the ratio of coal-fired power generation to cope with global climate changes. This study, therefore, attempts to estimate the public's willingness-to-pay (WTP) for substitution of supplied electricity from hydro-electricity generation, a representative renewable energy, for coal-fired power generation. To this end, we apply the contingent valuation (CV) method, widely used technique when valuing non-market goods, to elicit the public's WTP. In addition, a spike model is employed to consider zero WTPs. After the empirical analysis with 1,000 households CV survey data, the results show that mean household's WTP for replacing supplied electricity from hydro-electricity generation with coal-fired power generation is estimated to be about 54 KRW per kWh. The results of this study are expected to contribute to determining energy-mix and provide benefit information of hydro-electricity generation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.18-31
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• 1989

To analyze the impact of air pollution control on electricity generation cost, a computer program was developed. POGEN calculates levelized discounted power generation cost including additional air pollution control cost for coal power plant. Pollution subprogram calculates total capital and variable costs using governing equations for flue gas control. The costs are used as additional input for levelized discounted power generation cost subprogram. Pollution output for Rue Gas Desulphurization direct cost was verified using published cost data of well experienced industrialized countries. The power generation costs for the year 2001 were estimated by POGEN for three different regulatory scenarios imposed on coal power plant, and by levelized discounted power generation cost subprogram for nuclear power. Because of uncertainty expected in input variables for future plants, sensitivity and uncertainty analysis were made to check the importance and uncertainty propagation of the input variables using Latin Hypercube Sampling and Multiple Least Square method. Most sensitive parameter for levelized discounted power generation cost is discount rate for both nuclear and coal. The control cost for flue gas alone reaches additional 9-11 mills/kWh with standard deviation less than 1.3 mills/kWh. This cost will be nearly 20% of power generation cost and 40% of one GW capacity coal power plant investment cost. With 90% confidence, the generation cost of nuclear power plant will be 32.6-51.9 mills/kWh, and for the coal power plant it will be 45.5-50.5 mills/kWh. Nuclear is favorable with 95% confidence under stringent future regulatory requirement in Korea.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.708-717
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• 2009

Recently, Korea government decided to introduce RPS (Renewable Portfolio Standard) mechanism which requires electricity providers to gradually increase the amount of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, bioenergy, and geothermal. As a consequence, it is expected that the long-term fuel mix would be changed to result in more expensive production and the increased production costs would be distributed to the rate payers via electricity tariffs. This paper presents the change in long-term fuel mix in year 2020 with the four RPS scenarios of 3%, 5%, 10% and 20%, and the methodologies for collecting the increased production costs through new tariff schedule. The studies on long-term fuel mix have been carried out with the GATE-PRO (Generation And Transmission Expansion Program) optimization package, a mixed-integer program developed by the Korea Energy Economics Institute and Hongik university. Three methodologies for distributing the production costs to the rate payers have also been demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.109-114
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• 2000

In this paper, an optimum design model for minimizing the life-cycle cost (LCC) of high-speed railway steel bridges is proposed The point is that it takes into account service life process as a whole, and thus the life-cycle costs include initial (design, testing, and construction) costs, maintenance costs, expected strength failure costs and expected serviceability failure costs. The problem is formulated as that of minimization of expected total life-cycle cost with respect to the design variables. By processing the optimum LCC design the effective and rational basis is proposed for calculating the total LCC and the sensitivity analysis of LCC is peformed. Based on a numerical example, it may be positively stated that the optimum LCC design of high-speed railway steel bridges proposed in this study provides a lot more rational and economical design, and thus the proposed approach will expedite the development of new concepts and design methodologies that may have important implications in the next generation performance-based design codes and standards.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2023

Although the proportion of coal-fired power generation is decreasing, efficient operating technology is needed to continuously invest in facilities and reduce maintenance costs until it is abolished. Boilers, one of the main facilities of power plants, operate for a long time in harsh environments of high temperature and high pressure. In addition, damage due to deterioration is likely to occur depending on the fuel and tube material used. It is very important to judge soundness because damage caused by deterioration adversely affects facility operation. Previously, replication method was used to analyze the progress of deterioration. In the replication method, pre-treatment such as chemical treatment is performed on the boiler tube in the field, the area is reproduced by attaching a film, and the replicated film is determined by an expert in the laboratory with an expensive microscope. However, this method involves substantial costs and time requirements, as well as the possibility of human errors. To address these issues, we developed a mobile health assessment system in this research. Since it is detachable and takes images in real time, this system enables swift evaluations across a broad range and facilitates the assessment of preprocessing quality. In addition, it was intended to reduce existing human mistakes by developing a degradation classification algorithm using the merger cluster method.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.04a
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• pp.46-48
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• 2009

This paper aims to investigate generation conditions necessary for the most efficient generation by measuring electricity power under various irradiation conditions, since the photovoltaic generation system has high costs and low efficiency. In addition, because the irradiation varies hourly, daily, monthly, and yearly, the research on the irradiation necessary for photovoltaic generation was carried out by analyzing the pattern o( Bower under various irradiation conditions. Also, after measuring the daily variations of irradiation and generation power, the monthly accumulated irradiation and monthly accumulate power which had the most generation power were investigated and the pattern of the annual generation power was analyzed. The results of this study are as follows. As for the relationship between the photovoltaic generation system and the irradiation, the generation power increased with the irradiation and when the irradiation was more than 600 $[W/m^2]$ the generation power amounted to more than 100 [Wh] as the resonable result.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.21-30
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• 2017

Recently, There has been much discussed about unused space. This space can be used in a variety of ways. Utilizing it as a facility, craft shop, and utilizing renewable energy generation facilities. Especially, in terms of climate change should be supplied renewable energy. Renewable energy needs to be developed in terms of responding to climate change, and the recent Paris agreement is also emphasizing the importance of renewable energy. In particular, renewable energy needs to be widely disseminated. And renewable energy is limited space. In this regard, idle land can provide opportunities for securing new renewable energy generation facilities. The introduction of new and renewable energy facilities in idle space can enhance the self-sufficiency rate of the local community, which is significant in terms of responding to climate. In this study, to investigate the possibility of utilizing a unused space for a photovoltaic power generation facility, we investigated the amount of electricity which could be generated through photovoltaic power generation, and the economic effects, using a RETScreen model. The results showed that 9,738 MWh of power can be generated and that $4,540tCO_2eqcan$ be saved. Regarding the economic effect, the net present value of the facility was shown to be 2,247,389,020 KRW. As the net present value was shown to be positive, we believe that the installation of a photovoltaic power generation facility in an unused space would have a positive economic effect. We found the net present value following the fluctuation of the SMP price to be positive, though there was some variation. However, as the economic efficiency was shown to be low because the net present value in relation to the maintenance costs was negative, we believe that maintenance costs must be taken fully into account when evaluating economic efficiency. In particular, as subsidies can be used to cover maintenance costs which must be factored into photovoltaic power generation, we believe that photovoltaic power generation can have an economic effect. Because spaces not currently in use can have a positive economic effect as renewable energy power generation facilities, and can also contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, unused spaces are thought to greatly help local governments to cope with climate change as well as reinforcing their related capabilities. We believe our study will help local governments with decisions relating to unused real estate utilization in the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2000

It has been the paradigm of game theory that more than two utilities compete and determine the price and amount of dispatch. In order for this theory to be available on real power system, it is necessary to consider the transmission costs as well as the generation costs. In addition Independent System Operator(ISO) should be able to mitigate the congestion, recover the transmission costs and provide information for long-term capacity investment by devising reasonable pricing schemes for the transmission services. Generators also have to take the transmission costs into account when building the bidding strategies. This paper proposes an approach to analyzing the profit maximizing game considering the transmission cost in a competitive electricity market.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.151-158
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• 1998

This paper presents an optimal decision model for minimizing the life-cycle cost of steel box girder bridges. The point is that it takes into account service life process as a whole, and the life-cycle costs include initial (design, testing, and construction) costs, maintenance costs and expected failure costs. The problem is formulated as that of minimization of expected total life-cycle cost with respect to the design variables. The optimal solution identifies those values of the decision variables that result in minimum expected total cost. The performance constraints in the form of flexural failure and shear failure are those specified in the design code. Based on extensive numerical investigations, it may be positively stated that the optimum design of steel box girder bridges based on life-cycle cost approach proposed in this study provides a lot more rational and economical design, and thus the proposed approach will propose the development of new concepts and design methodologies that may have important implications in the next generation performance-based design codes and standards.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.3
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• pp.9-33
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• 2017

This study estimated the socioeconomic costs of child poverty. Based on previous studies, the present study organized component categories for direct and indirect costs of child poverty, and estimated the cost of each category in 2015 through the collection of existing data and Delphi survey techniques among experts. The total socioeconomic costs of child poverty were compared to Korea's GDP. The results of this study were as follows. First, the socioeconomic costs of child poverty in Korea in 2015 ranged from 55 trillion KW(3.5% of GDP) to 99 trillion KW(6.5% of GDP). Second, the indirect socioeconomic costs of child poverty are much higher than the direct costs. Third, among the total cost categories, costs related to productivity loss and unemployment accounted for the largest portion of both the socioeconomic costs based upon absolute poverty and relative poverty. Crime costs are the second largest. Based on these results, we discussed the importance of early intervention for children in poverty; implementation of two-generation program that intervenes simultaneously with parents and children; and long-term, continuous and integrated intervention for high-risk groups such as poor children.