• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.97-118
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to compare the nurses' perceptions with the women's about the women's needs in premature labor and to find out how to accomplish effective nursing intervention for the women to cope with their crises in premature labor. The objects of this study consisted of 33 hospitalized mothers in post partum because of premature labor, who were delivered of new born, in four university hospitals, a general hospital and a lower general hospital which has a neonatal intensive care unit in Seoul during 17 days(Oct. 4, 1994 to Oct. 20, 1994) and 32 nurses who have worked at delivery rooms in the hospitals above for 6 months or more, accomplishing nursing intervention. The results of this investigation were as follows : 1) General characteristics of women : Their mean age was 29.4 years(SD 4.37) and the mean of their gestational periods 3 days over 34 weeks(SD 2.48). Most of them were the married(93.9%) and held high school degree or more(93.9%). And some of them were the deligious(68.7%), multiparae(59.4%) and had their jobs(21.2%). The also had hospitalized experience due to premature labor(51.5%), experienced in premature delivery(33.3%), the prental care(78.6%), cesearean section(63.6%), and pregnancies less than twice(62.5%). The most mothers were included in 34 weeks and a day to 37 weeks(60.6%). It was also confirmed that most of the sustaining presences in labor were their husbands(81.2%). 2) General characteristics of nurses : Their mean age was 27.6 years(SD 4.50), and their carrier with the service on the average 6 months over 3 years long(SD 3.63). Numbers of them were staff nurses(84.4%), maiden ladies(71.9%), graduated from junior colleges of nursing(71.9%), and had no experiences in delivery(78.1%).Besides, none of them had experiences in premature labor. 3) The whole mean of needs perceived by pregnant women was identified as 3.086 points and the degree of their perception was given much weight in order of interdependence need(3.14), self concept need(3.11), physical physiologic need(3.09), and role function need(2.74). So it was proved that they regarded interdependence need as being the most important need in crises caused premature labor. 4) The whole mean of needs felt by the nurses was 3.092 points and the degree of their feelings was given much weigh in order of physical physiologic need(3.22), self concept need(3.15), interdependence need(3.06) and role function need(2.75). So it was ascertained that they felt physical physiologic need the most important, differing from the women in it. 5) There were few differences on the degrees of the perceptions that the nurses and the women showed on each of the four parts. 6) On each part of the questionnaires, it was examined that the women felt the need for the fetus to be the most important generally while the nurses perceived the need with the women to be more important than that. 7) The primiparae(40.6%) felt role function need be more important than multiparae(59.4%) (p<0.05), and the women from universities and above(39.4%) perceived self concept need to be more important than those holding the high school degrees and below(60.6%). (p<0.05) 8) The nurses having experience in delivery(21.9%) perceived interdependence need and role function need to be more important than important than those having no experiences(78.1%). (p<0.05) So far most of the nurses have concentrated their efforts on nursing for safety for the women in premature labor hospitalized in delivery rooms. But the women are not satisfied with just it because of having perceived the need for the fetus more important above all. In nursing for the future, therefore, every nurse caring for the women should offer them all the informations that they will want for their fetuses to adapt them to the crises effectively, understanding such their needs and making most of honest and simple terms for them, I insist. Through this study, I'm sure that inquiring into the need of women in premature labor minetely will show the way of more effective nursing interventions in clinic. And I suggest that the various kinds of studies about the more objects be done for the generalization of the results of this study in the future.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.325-337
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• 1995

This study attempted to increase quality of nursing care by assessing the nurses' attitudes for computerization in nursing practice and ensuring right recognition and attitude for computerized system. Study subjects are 311 nurses who are working at 4 general hospitals. Those hospitals are selected according to the degree of computerized in Kyoung In Province. Study instrument consists of 20 items and 12 general questionnaire which was developed by Brodt and Stronge(1985) and modified by Lee(1991). Data collection was done from april 19th in 1995 to april 29th. Data gathered were analized number, t-test, ANOVA by using SPSS. The study results are as follows : 1. Study subject's attitude for computer application showed positive response as mean score of 3.44 especially nurses who had experience using computer showed 100% pro-response. 2. Study subject's attitude by age was significant statistically(F=3.9589, p=.0038), among them age 25-30 revealed the highest positive scores, and age 40 showed the lowest positive scores. 3. Study subject's attitude by education level showed no significant difference(F=1.4182, 2437), and those who are more educated showed more positive response. 4. Study subject's attitude by duty years showed no significant difference(F=2.2648, p=.0622), and those who had 7- 9 duty years had the highest positive attitude however those who have 10 duty years showed lowest positive attitude. 5. Study subject's attitude by position revealed no significant difference(F=2.0017, p=.1369), and the charge nurse groups who were using computer showed the highest scores. 6. Study subject's attitude by computerized type showed significant difference(F=23.9665, p=.0000), and G hospital which had computer system in nursing area obtained the highest positive scores. 7. study subject's attitude by presence of computer education showed no significant differenec(F=.9002, P=.3435), and non computer educated groups showed the highest positive response. 8. Study subject's attitude by computer education place revealed no significant difference(F=4.3723, p=.0020). and the groups who were taught individually or in the institution obtained the highest positive scores. 9. Study subject's attitude by duty year computer use showed no significant response(F=.9591, P=.3282), and groups of computer use showed the high degree of positive response. 10. Study subject's attitude by duty year using computer showed significant difference(F=5.9174, p=.0009),and the groups using computer for 6 years or group of 4-6 years showed the highest degree of positive response and the groups using computer for 1 year showed the lowest degree of positive response.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.2047-2054
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to define the relationship between job stress contents and smoking habits of manufacturing male workers. The 872 male workers were observed the general characteristics, smoking habits and job stress contents from the JCQ, during the period from February 1st to April 30st, 2012, using the self-administered questionnaires. As a results, the smoking rate of study subjects was 53.0%, and in terms of smoking status by general characteristics, the smoking group was higher in the group of age, job position and job career than their respective counterparts. In terms of smoking status by job stress contents, the smoking group was higher in the group of job demand and supervisor support than their respective counterparts. Based on the results of logistic regression adjusted age, job position and job career, the odds ratio of smoking was significantly increase in the high group of job demand than that of low group, but it was significantly decrease in the low group of supervisor support than that of high group. Above results suggested that the smoking related with the job demand and the supervisor support among the job stress contents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 1999

The main objective of this study was to develop a concept of service marketing promotion in nursing that is derived from the concepts of service marketing theory. This research was a descriptive study, at the factor isolation level. The principle of concept derivation suggested by Walker and Avant (1988) and the Hybrid model suggested by Schwarz-Barcott and Kim (1993) were employed as the research method. The data were collected from December, 1997 to April. 1998 at a large general hospital located in Seoul. The procedures of this study were as follows: First. at the theoretical phase: the meaning, attributes, and definition of service marketing promotion were identified through an extensive review of the literature. Second, at the empirical phase: fieldwork was done to identify the promotional activities and events in nursing. Top nurse managers from 4 units (Director of Nursing, Head nurses of inpatient nursing unit, outpatient nursing unit. and home care nursing unit) were interviewed and the content of the interview was analyzed to identify the meaning and attributes of promotion in nursing. Other methods such as brochures and other audio-visual materials which were relevant to nursing promotion were used to supplement the interviews. Finally, the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses were intergrated to develop a concept of service marketing in nursing practice. A final definition of service marketing promotion in nursing was identified as follows. 1. Promotion as a marketing function in nursing service is concerned with communication to target markets on all information related to nursing service in order to satisfy the objectives of both a nursing service organization and the target markets. 2. The goals of nursing service promotion include: 1) increasing visibility of nursing services and delivering the information on nursing services, 2) affirming the value of nursing services, so it can contribute to formulation of reimbursement policy for nursing services. 3) advancing the general image of the nursing profession and nursing services. 4) achieving and attaining a desirable positioning for nurses among health care professionals. and 5) creating and stimulating the demand for nursing services. 3. In order to obtain these goals it is necessary to provide information on nursing services, to persuade target markets. to remind them about nursing services. and to establish a collaborative relationship with related departments. 4. The tools used to carry out the above functions of promotion in nursing are the providing nursing services, public relations and publicity. QA of nursing, advertising, and sales promotion. 5. The target markets of nursing service include the nursing customer markets. the internal markets, the influence markets. the recruitment markets. the supplier markets. and the nursing referral markets. In conclusion, the concept of promotion in other service marketing areas can be applied to the promotion of nursing service marketing. The promotion of nursing service is more than just effective communication in nursing service. it is the effective use of the concepts of service marketing promotion. Promotion of nursing service will contribute to create and expand nursing services.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.469-481
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to describe working stress, child-rearing stress and parenting attitude of nurses who have preschool children. Methods: Data were collected by questionnaires from 136 nurses in three university hospital in 2011, and analyzed by the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Nurses scored 3.48 points on average in working stress, 2.47 points in child-rearing stress, 3.61 points in parenting attitude. According to analysis on working stress depending on general demographic characteristics showed significant differences in workplace, monthly weekend duty frequency and in child-rearing stress depending on husband's age, wife's age, total income, marital period, satisfaction at relationship with husband, working career, number of children, and a person who cares for their children. According to parenting attitude depending on general demographic characteristics showed significant differences in working condition, marital period, position, working conditions, marital period, workplace, monthly weekend duty frequency. Correlations among nurses' working stress, child-rearing stress and parenting attitude, nurses' working stress had significantly correlations with parenting stress. Conclusion: Results of the study provides data on nursing interventions to relieve nurses from their working stress and child-rearing stress and to promote favorable child parenting attitude.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.294-304
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• 2008

Purpose: Cancer patients experience a range of physical and psychological sequelae. Consistent nursing support should be provided along the cancer treatment path. This study aimed to i)examine the effects of a telephone counseling program after discharge on perceived health, psychological well-being, and satisfaction with nursing services, and ii)describe symptom distress and their coping methods. Method: The study was a quasi-experimental design with a non-equivalent pre-post test. The sample included 20 women with gynecologic cancer in the experimental group and the same in the control group from a university hospital in Seoul. The telephone intervention was given once from 5 to 7 days after the chemotherapy. The General Well-Being Schedule and Symptom Distress Scale were used. Result: An effect from telephone counseling was found only in the vitality subscale of psychological well-being. Other subscores, perceived health, or satisfaction with nursing services did not differ between the two groups. Pain, skin change, decreased appetite, and constipation were the major symptoms and a relatively few coping strategies were utilized. Conclusion: Protocol of telephone counseling led by a nurse needs to be further developed in regard to best timing, amount, and target effects for follow-up care of gynecologic cancer patients.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 1999

This study is attempted for the purpose of clearly understanding the stressors which emergency medical technology students experience during clinical practice, giving guidance in desirable direction and improvement of clinical practice, and giving the basic materials so that emergency medical technology students may practice effectively. The design of this study was a descriptive survey. The subjects in this study were 59 emergency medical technology students who were 2nd grade in D college. The collection of questionnaires took 3 days from September 1, 1999 to September 3, 1999. This researcher explained the purpose of this study to students, after they agreed to this survey, the researcher gave the questionnaire to them, had them answer the questions and collected the questionnaire immediately. Data analysis included percentage, mean and standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA trough SPSS computer program. The results of this study are, briefly, as follows; 1. In 'satisfaction-degree to specializing in the science of emergency medical technology' 27.1% of the subjects is revealed as 'satisfied' and in 'satisfaction-degree of clinical practice', 8.5% of the subjects is revealed as 'satisfied'. 2. Viewed from each of the categories of stressors which emergency medical technology students experience during clinical practice, 'ideals and values' is the category in which emergency medical technology students experience most severe stress at a mean 3.25 and 'personal relations' is the category in which emergency medical technology students experience mildest stress at a mean 2.82. The total stress degree mean is 3.06, which emergency medical technology students experience during clinical practice is revealed as 'moderate' stress. 3. Considering the stressor involved in each category, the results are as follows; (1) In 'environment', 'orientation to the hospital before clinical practice' is revealed as the most severe stressor at a menu 3.44. (2) In 'personal relations', 'relations with doctor and nurse' is revealed as the most severe stressor at a mean 3.59. (3) In 'role', 'unilaterally when their role is seems to be obscure' is revealed as the most severe stressor at a mean 4.10. (4) In 'ideals and values', 'difference between college practice and hospital practice' is revealed as the most severe stressor at a mean 3.88. (5) In 'activity', 'repetition of simple and functional work during clinical practice' is revealed as the most severe stressor at a mean 3.98. (6) In 'total stress factors', 'unilaterally when their role is seems to be obscure' is revealed as the most severe stress factor at a mean 4.10 and 'relations with comrade students' is revealed as the stress factor causing mildest stress at a mean 2.20. 4. Considering the relationship between the categories of stressors and the general characteristics, the results are as follows; (1) 'Environment' is revealed as being positively correlated with 'satisfaction degree of clinical practice'(F=3.53, p= .0359). (2) 'Ideals and values' is revealed as being correlated with 'sex'(t=-2.31, p= .0240) and 'satisfaction degree of clinical practice'(F=3.31, p= .0438).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 1985

This study was to explore on the rank of stressful events related to the experience of hospitalization. 180 hospitalized patients on surgical and medical wards were asked to rate 49 stress-producing events associated with the experience of hospitalization. Two university hospitals was used as the setting for this study. Because the nature of the events in the stress scale pertain mainly to general short term hospitalizations, patients in the rehabilitation and psychiatric units of the hospital were not included. Prior to the beginning of the study, three times meeting were held with 12 head nurses and 3 investigators for discussing with the ethics subject related to the study. The pretest was done to determine whether items to use were pertinent or not. According to the result of the pretest, Volicer's Hospital Stress Rating Scale was selected as a study tool for this study. Data collection was used an interview and a card-sorting method. The interviewing was done by two authors and three graduate nursing students. A total 125 completed the card-sorting procedure. The stressful items were ordered from most to least stressful within the categories. Additional information such as: age, sex, marital status, and diagnosis was obtained from the kardex file. The ordered list of items, with mean values, as scored by the total of 125 respondents was significantly accepted at 1% level by Friedman test. (X²=1448.339) The event,“knowing you have a serious illness.”was rated highest stressful and (M=41.54) “Being awakened in the night by the nurse”least stressful. (M=14.73) Highly rated items were orderly “Thinking you might have cancer”“Thinking you might lose a kidney or some other organ”“Not being told what your diagnosis is. “Not knowing for sure what illness you have,”five lowerly rated items were orderly “Having to eat at different times than you usually do”“net being able to call family or friends on the phone”“Not having friends visit you,”“Having strangers sleep in the same room with you.”Futher analysis of the data was done to ascertain tao degree of similarity of judgment between different groups in the sample as to how events should be rated. The sample was divided into two groups according to the demographic characteristics and the degree of seriousness of illness. The rank order correlation was calculated for the two sets of ranks as a measure of consensus between the two groups. The correlations ranged from .85∼.99 all indicating a high degree of consensus.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.364-375
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• 2018

This study was a descriptive investigation to identify the influence of nurses' moral sensitivity and safety of their environment on compliance with standard precautions. Participants consisted of 214 nurses in one general hospital and data were collected using a questionnaire that consisted of moral sensitivity, safety of environment and compliance with standard precautions from 1-15 August 2017. Data were evaluated by the independent t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. The mean scores of moral sensitivity, safety of environment and compliance with standard precautions were 5.05, 5.76 and 4.50, respectively. Moreover, compliance with standard precautions was significantly positively correlated with moral sensitivity and safety of environment. Additionally, multiple regression revealed an $R^2$ of 0.253 with the department (ER, ICU), age and safety environment serving as the major predictor variables for compliance with standard precautions. However, the influence of moral sensitivity on compliance was not identified. Therefore, to increase compliance with standard precautions among nurses, it is necessary to provide continuous educational programs for new nurses, customized programs considering departmental characteristics and administrative support of institutions to enhance safety of the environment.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.155-164
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify correlations among married nurses' parenting stress, job involvement and intent to stay, as well as to clarify factors that affect nurses' intent to stay. This is a descriptive study conducted based on evaluation of 174 married nurses from one university hospital and two general hospitals (200 beds or above) located in C region, all of who had at least one child <6 years of age. Data were collected from Aug 20 until Sep 15, 2016, after which data were analyzed by aT-test, ANOVA, Pearson's coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression. The mean score of parenting stress was $2.67{\pm}0.54$ out of 4, while that of job involvement was $3.11{\pm}0.58$ out of 5, and intent to stay was $3.56{\pm}0.79$ out of 5. Intent to stay was significantly negatively correlated with parenting stress(r=-0.186, p=0.014), while it was positively correlated with job involvement(r=0.345, p<0.001). Factors influencing intent to stay were education level(${\beta}=0.28$, p=0.042), job satisfaction(${\beta}=0.60$, p<0.001), weekend work(${\beta}=0.20$, p=0.042), job involvement(${\beta}=0.31$, p<0.001) and parenting stress(${\beta}=-0.22$, p=0.038). These factors explained 36.8% of intent to stay(F=21.18, p<0.001). Overall, the results indicate that intervention strategies may be necessary to increase intent to stay by reducing parenting stress and enhancing job involvement.