• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.31-35
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• 1998

Gallstone diseases appear frequently in surgical patients. One of the etiolic factors in the formation of cholesterol gallstones is the supersaturation of bile with cholesterol. The bile stasis in the gallbladder may also play a role in the formation of cholesterol gallstones by supplying the proper condition to nucleation of cholesterol crystal. Author evaluated gallbladder empting in response to fat meal by ultrasonography in 12 patients with gallstones and normal control group of 12 healthy subjects. Of the 12 patients with gallstones, six had radiolucent stones and the rest of them had radioopaque stones. Additionally, author evaluated gallbladder contraction in both cholesterol gallstones and pigment gallstones. The gallbladder was significantly contracted in control group by the fat meal but not by water. The contraction of gallbladder by fat meal with gallstone patients was significantly decreased compared with those in control group. The time of maximum contraction was 30 minutes in patients with gallstones. At 30 minutes, the gallbladder contraction was more significantly decreased in patients with radiolucent stones than in those with radioopaque stones. In conclusion, the more significant decrease of gallbladder contraction in patients with radiolucent stones may be interpretated as the possible factor of pathologenesis for the formation of the cholesterol stone.

• Korean Journal of Transplantation
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.160-164
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• 2014

Background: In solid organ transplantation patients, complications of cholelithiasis may run a fulminant course, resulting in high morbidity and mortality under immunosuppression and may even result in rejection. Here, we reviewed medical records of 66 patients in order to determine the outcome of management approach for asymptomatic gallstones in renal transplantation patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical courses of 66 cases of renal transplantation performed between 2000 and 2012 at Kosin University Gospel Hospital. Results: Among 66 cases, eight had gallstones before transplantation. Three of these cases had undergone previous cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstones, one had a simultaneous laparoscopic cholecystectomy and renal transplantation, and four were observed by regular abdominal ultrasonography. One patient was found to have cholangitis, and endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage was performed, resulting in alleviation of symptoms. Among 58 cases without preoperative gallstones, three developed gallstones after transplantation. One patient had cholecystitis, and the symptoms subsided after conservative treatment. Conclusions: For patients with asymptomatic gallstones who are awaiting renal transplantation, expectant management should be considered.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.91-94
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• 2009

A 6-year-old, intact female mixed dog was referred to Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Gyeongsang National University due to vomiting, anorexia, depression of 1 month's duration. On abdominal radiography, numerous irregularly marginated mineralized branching structures were present within the liver. On ultrasonography, irregular hyperechoic spots with an strong acoustic shadow was identified, but evidence of ductal dilatation was absent. Based on radiography and ultrasonography, intrahepatic gallstones were diagnosed incidentally.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.139-149
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• 2024

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the potential of Yangdorak diagnosis application against gallstone scanned by Ultrasound diagnosis. Method: For this aim, among 97 patients who had visited Julip Korean Medicine Clinic from July 2016 to June 2023, 30 patients with no gallstone as a control group and 67 patients with gallstone and diagnosed by ultrasonography, were subjected to Yangdorak diagnosis. Then, the changes in Gallbladder Meridian (GB) value as F5 AVE(average of left and right GB value) by Yangdorak were comparatively analyzed between gallstone and non-gallstone groups and statistical significance was evaluated by Tukey's multiple comparison test using Prism software. Results: After all subjects were evaluated by the Yangdorak and ultrasonography to assess the potential of the Yangdorak diagnosis for gallstone, it was noteworthy that the Yangdorak values relevant to F5 AVE of female gallstone group(N=36) were significantly (p<0.001) decreased compared to the control group (N=30), while there was no significance in male gallstone group(N=31). Also, it was recognized significant difference between male and female groups. Conclusion: Based on these results, if the Yangdorak value can be estimated from a decrease with clinical symptom in female patient, it is recommended to follow up the ultrasonography test for diagnosing the gallstone.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.287-294
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• 2014

Gallstone is the most common disease of the biliary system. Korean has experienced an increase in the percentage of cholesterol gallstones. The major risk factors associated with cholesterol gallstones are age, gender as well as obesity. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of gallstones in the last three years and evaluate the associated risk factors in the population who underwent health screening. The study population consisted of 2,484 males and 2,212 females who visited the health promotion center in Dalseogu, Daegu in Korea from January 2011 to December 2013. Each participant in the study had their biliary system gallbladder examined using ultrasonography. Classified as underweight, normal weight or overweight using the population of obese according to the body mass index, and classified according to mood diagnosis of diabetes presented by the American Diabetes Association. Fasting blood glucose and number of liver function, the divided the control group by referring to the normal liver function values used herein. The geological map, I was classified as NCEP APT III. A showed of total 148 people were found to have gallstones. The prevalence of sex among 148 patients (3.15%) 84 men (1.79%) and 64 women 1.36%) which shows significantly there is little difference. 1.84% 40 years and below, 3.38% 40's showed age prevalence was 4.66% in 50's and above. In addition, Total-cholesterol was at the most in 52 people, LDL-cholesterol in 398 people, Triglyceride in 36 people, HDL-cholesterol in 19 people. The abnormal group, was created from the total-cholesterol categories from a physical examination of a subject that has been found to be gallstones in the gallbladder. A result of conducting the univariate analysis shows the prevalence of gallstones, a correlation that is meaningful. The logistic regression analysis of multiple ages was chosen to show risk factors age independent cholelithiasis. In spite of the conclusion, gallstones are not displayed in relation to the metabolic syndrome but in order to clarify this, not only the subject of a health examination is needed but, a further study of the general public when possible.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

Gallbladder (GB) polyp is a mucosal projection into the GB lumen. With increasing health awareness, GB polyps are frequently found using ultrasonography during health screening. The prevalence of GB polyps ranges between 1.3% and 9.5%. Most patients are asymptomatic and have benign characteristics. Of the nonneoplastic polyps, cholesterol polyps are most common, accounting for 60%-70% of lesions. However, a few polyps have malignant potential. Currently, the guidelines recommend laparoscopic cholecystectomy for polyps larger than 1 cm in diameter due to their malignant potential. The treatment algorithm can be influenced by the size, shape, and numbers of polyps, old age (>50 years), the presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis, and gallstones. This review summarizes the commonly recognized concepts on GB polyps from diagnosis to an algorithm of treatment.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 1999

To study the role of anomalous pancreatico-biliary ductal union (APBDU) in the development of choledochal cyst, we reviewed 23 cases. APBDU is defined as a long common channel(>0.4 mm). The patients ages ranged from 1 week to 112 months and the mean age was 22.5 months. Right upper quadrant pain was the most prevalent symptom. The diagnosis was made by ultrasonography and operative cholangiography in most patient. The preoperative diagnosis was made in 100 % of the cases. Gallstones were found in 5 cases. Todani type I and type IV were prevalent. A long common channel was found in all cases. The operative treatment consisted of cyst excision and Reux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy or choledochojejunosotmy. One patient had postoperative pancreatitis. There was no mortality. We conclude that detection of choledochal cyst is occurring at a younger age and APBDU seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of type I and IV cysts. Cyst excision is the treatment of choice to eliminate repeated cholangitis and malignant transformation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.2205-2209
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• 2016

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious problem in Thailand, particularly in the northeastern region. Active surveillance in rural communities with an appropriat low-cost screening tool is required to facilitate early detection. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the population at risk of CCA in Bua Yai district, Nakhon Ratchasima province, Northeastern Thailand using the Korat-CCA verbal screening test (KCVST) during June to October 2015. Reliability of KCVST demonstrated a Cronbach alpha coefficient=0.75 Stepwise-multiple regression showed that alcohol consumption was important for CCA screened, followed by agriculture and pesticide use, under-cooked cyprinoid fish consumption, praziquantel use, naïve northeastern people, opisthorchiasis, family relatives with CCA, and cholangitis or cholecystitis or gallstones, respectively. Population at risk for CCA was classified to low risk (63.4%), moderate risk (33.7%), and high risk (1.32%) for CCA. When CCA was screened using ultrasonography, 4 of 32 high risk participants had an abnormal biliary tract with dilated bile ducts. This study indicates that KCVST is a potential useful too which decrease the cost of large scale CCA screening.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.293-298
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• 2009

Background/aim : Gallbladder stone is the most common disease of biliary tract. It is lead to acute abdominal pain. The cholecystitis which is caused by in gallbladder stone occurs frequently and the possibility of the gallbladder cancer comes to be high. Our study was designed to determine the prevalence and risk factors gallbladder stone in a population who community. Materials and Methods : We enrolled a total of 826 (male : 297, female : 529) persons who 60 or older in Jeju-do 10 places from 2008 July one months. The height, weight, liver function tests, lipid profile, fasting blood sugar, were all measurement. They had their gallbladder examined with using ultrasonography. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value less than 0.05. Results : Among 826 persons, gallbladder stone was found in 49 persons (5.9%). The male is 6.1% and the female is 5.8%, the male 1.03 times appeared more highly the female. The body mass index above of 23.0 kg/$m^2$ with the gallbladder stone was 69.3% (p<0.047). Conclusion : The gallbladder stone appeared highly according to age increases. The obesity is the risk factor of gallbladder stone. The weight management and diet control is a possibility of reducing a gallbladder stone creation.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.127-134
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• 2015

This study was designed to determine the prevalence of gallstones in the last three years and evaluate the associated risk factors in the population who underwent health screening. Although there are many studies reporting the prevalence and risk factors of GB polyp, the results varied among each report. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence rate and risk factors of GB polyp, colon polyp and fatty liver in the population who underwent health screening. The study population consisted of 4,877 visited the health promotion center in Dalseogu, Daegu in Korea from January 2011 to December 2013. Each participant in the study had their biliary system gallbladder examined using ultrasonography. The prevalence of GB polyp was evaluated along with age, gender, metabolic syndrom, body mass index (BMI), Fatty liver, Colon polyp. A showed of total 383 (7.9%) people were found to have GB polyps. The prevalence of sex among 256 (9.8%) patients men and 127 (5.6%) women which showed significantly higher in male than in female subjects(p=0.001). The mean size of the GB polyps 4.92 mm (1.6-17 mm). The sizes of most GB polyps (73.6%) were less than 10 mm in diameter. 122 subjects (31.28%) had multiple GB polyps which 2 or more polyps and 261 subjects (68.2%) had single polyp. Independent risk factors related with GB polyp were male gender (OR 0.551, p<0.001), overweight that BMI above $23kg/m^2$ (OR 0.713, p=0.002) triglyceride (OR 0.571, P<0.001), metabolic syndrome (OR 0.049, p=0.033) and colon polyp (OR 1.409, p=0.002). In spite of the conclusion, the prevalence GB polyp was higher than previous Korea and other country reports. The GB polyp in a healthy population was results as 7.9%. The risk factors of GB polyps were found to be male, being overweight, triglyceride, metabolic syndrome and colon polyp. Not only the subject of a health examination is needed but, a further study of the general public when possible.