• Title/Summary/Keyword: galileo

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Application of Deep Learning to Solar Data: 3. Generation of Solar images from Galileo sunspot drawings

  • Lee, Harim;Moon, Yong-Jae;Park, Eunsu;Jeong, Hyunjin;Kim, Taeyoung;Shin, Gyungin
    • The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.81.2-81.2
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    • 2019
  • We develop an image-to-image translation model, which is a popular deep learning method based on conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGANs), to generate solar magnetograms and EUV images from sunspot drawings. For this, we train the model using pairs of sunspot drawings from Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO) and their corresponding SDO/HMI magnetograms and SDO/AIA EUV images (512 by 512) from January 2012 to September 2014. We test the model by comparing pairs of actual SDO images (magnetogram and EUV images) and the corresponding AI-generated ones from October to December in 2014. Our results show that bipolar structures and coronal loop structures of AI-generated images are consistent with those of the original ones. We find that their unsigned magnetic fluxes well correlate with those of the original ones with a good correlation coefficient of 0.86. We also obtain pixel-to-pixel correlations EUV images and AI-generated ones. The average correlations of 92 test samples for several SDO lines are very good: 0.88 for AIA 211, 0.87 for AIA 1600 and 0.93 for AIA 1700. These facts imply that AI-generated EUV images quite similar to AIA ones. Applying this model to the Galileo sunspot drawings in 1612, we generate HMI-like magnetograms and AIA-like EUV images of the sunspots. This application will be used to generate solar images using historical sunspot drawings.

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Impact of Multi-GNSS Measurements on Baseline Processing for Control Surveying Applications

  • Pawar, Komal Narayan;Yun, Seonghyeon;Lee, Hungkyu;Nguyen, Dinh Huy
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.103-111
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    • 2021
  • A series of experiments have been carried out by using National Geographic Information Institute(NGII)'s Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) data with various strategies to analyze the impact of multi-GNSS measurements on baseline processing. The results of baseline processing were compared in terms of ambiguity fixing rate, precision, and hypothesis tests were conducted to confirm the statistical difference. The combination of multi-GNSS measurements has helped to improve ambiguity fixing rate, especially under harsh positioning environments. Combination of GPS, Galileo, BeiDou could get better precision than that of GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and adding QZSS made the baseline solution's vertical component more precisely. The hypothesis tests have statistically confirmed that the inclusion of the multi-GNSS in the baseline processing enables not only to reduce field observation time length but also to enhance the solution's precision. However, it is of interest to notice that results of the baseline solution are dependent upon the software used. Hence, comprehensive studies should be performed shortly to derive the best practice to select the appropriate software.

Monitoring of the Jamming Environment in the GNSS L5 Band in Korea Region

  • Lee, Hak-beom;Song, Young-Jin;Park, Dong-Hyuk;Lee, Sanguk;Won, Jong-Hoon
    • Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.353-361
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    • 2021
  • This paper presents the jamming effect on the L5 band of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) by analyzing real data collected via measurement campaigns in Korea region. In fact, the L5 band is one of the dedicated bands for various satellite navigation systems such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Galileo, BeiDou (BDS), and Quasi Zenith Satellite System (QZSS). And this band is also allocated along with various systems used for aeronautical radio navigation systems (ARNS). Among ARNS, the Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) and the Tactical Air Navigation System (TACAN) are systems that transmit and receive strong power pulse signals, which may cause unintentional jamming in the reception of GNSS signals. In this paper, signals in the main lobe of GPS L5, Galileo E5a, BDS B2a, and QZSS L5 are collected in Korean region to confirm whether the jamming effect exists in the band. And then, the pulse blanking technique, which is a simple signal processing technique capable of responding to pulsed jamming, is applied to analyze the jamming effect of DME/TACAN on the L5 band.

Simulating the Availability of Integrated GNSS Positioning in Dense Urban Areas (통합 GNSS 환경에서 도시공간 위성측위의 가용성 평가 시뮬레이션)

  • Suh, Yong-Cheol;Lee, Yang-Won
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.231-238
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    • 2007
  • This paper describes the availability of the forthcoming integrated GNSS(Global Navigation Positioning System) positioning that includes GPS(Global Positioning System), Galileo, and QZSS(Quasi-Zenith Satellites System). We built a signal propagation model that identifies direct, multipath, and diffraction signals, using the principles of specular reflection and ray tracing technique. The signal propagation model was combined with 3D GIS(three-dimensional geographic information system) in order to measure the satellite visibility and positioning error factors, such as the number of visible satellites, average elevation of visible satellites, optimized DOP(dilution of position) values, and the portion of multipath-producing satellites. Since Galileo and QZSS will not be fully operational until 2010, we used a simulation in comparing GPS and GNSS positioning for a $1km{\times}1km$ developed area in Shinjuku, Tokyo. To account for local terrain variation. we divided the target area into 40,000 $5m{\times}5m$ grid cells. The number of visible satellites and that of multipath-free satellites will be greatly increased in the integrated GNSS environment while the average elevation of visible satellites will be higher in the GPS positioning. Much decreased PDOP(position dilution of precision) values indicate the appropriate satellite/user geometry of the integrated GNSS; however, in dense urban areas, multipath mitigation will be more important than the satellite/user geometry. Thus, the efforts for applying current technologies of multipath mitigation to the future GNSS environment will be necessary.

우리나라의 갈릴레오 탐색구조 지상시스템 개발 참여 방안

  • Ju, In-Won;Lee, Sang-Uk;Kim, Jae-Hun;Seo, Sang-Hyeon;Han, Dong-Su;Im, Jong-Geun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
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    • v.2
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    • pp.608-611
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    • 2006
  • COSPAS-SARSAT 시스템은 위성체와 지상 설비를 이용하여 항공기 또는 선박 등이 조난 시에 탐색구조(SAR: Search and Rescue) 활동을 도울 수 있도록 조난경보와 위치정보를 제공하는 시스템이다. COSPAS-SARSAT 서비스의 경우, 조난신호 접수에서 조난위치확정까지 평균 1시간 이상이 소요되고, 위치정확도가 수 Km 정도로 범위가 넓은 편이다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해서 중궤도 위성을 이용한 차세대 탐색구조 시스템 개발이 추진 중에 있으며 EU에서 2011년 FOC(Full Operation Capability)를 목표로 개발중인 갈릴레오 항법위성 프로젝트의 경우 SAR 중계기를 탑재하여 탐색구조 서비스를 제공할 계획에 있다. 갈릴레오 탐색구조(SAR/Galileo) 서비스는 수 m급의 위치정확도, 10분 이내의 조난신호 접수에서 구조까지 소요시간, 및 조난자에게 회신링크 서비스 제공 등 보다 향상된 탐색구조 성능을 제공하기 위해 개발 중에 있으므로, 갈릴레오 위성 서비스가 시작되면 탐색구조시스템 체계에 보다 신속하고 정확한 구조가 가능할 것으로 예상된다. 우리나라에서는 COSPAS-SARSAT 회원국으로 가입하여 현재 송도 해양경찰청 내에 LEOLUT와 MCC가 설치되어 운용되고 있다. 날로 더해가는 다양한 재난에 대한 인명구조를 신속하고 효과적으로 대처하기 위해 차세대 갈릴레오 탐색구조 지상국 도입이 절실하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서, 탐색구조 단말기를 포함한 지상국 인프라의 구축 등 갈릴레오 탐색구조 지상시스템 개발의 참여 방안에 관한 연구는 매우 시기적절하고 중요한 연구이다. 본 논문은 갈릴레오 사업에 참여하여 SAR/Galileo 개발을 주관하고 있는 중국의 사례를 분석함으로 우리나라가 차세대 갈릴레오 탐색구조 지상시스템 개발에 참여하기 위해서 필요한 참여방법 및 절차 등을 도출하고, 참여 가능한 개발범위, 참여전략 및 추진체계에 대해서 제안한다.법의 성능을 평가를 위하여 원본 여권에서 얼굴 부분을 위조한 여권과 기울어진 여권 영상을 대상으로 실험한 결과, 제안된 방법이 여권의 코드 인식 및 얼굴 인증에 있어서 우수한 성능이 있음을 확인하였다.진행하고 있다.태도와 유아의 창의성간에는 상관이 없는 것으로 나타났고, 일반 유아의 아버지 양육태도와 유아의 창의성간의 상관에서는 아버지 양육태도의 성취-비성취 요인에서와 창의성제목의 추상성요인에서 상관이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 창의성이 높은 아동의 아버지의 양육태도는 일반 유아의 아버지와 보다 더 애정적이며 자율성이 높지만 창의성이 높은 아동의 집단내에서 창의성에 특별한 영향을 더 미치는 아버지의 양육방식은 발견되지 않았다. 반면 일반 유아의 경우 아버지의 성취지향성이 낮을 때 자녀의 창의성을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 자녀의 창의성을 향상시키는 중요한 양육차원은 애정성이나 비성취지향성으로 나타나고 있어 정서적인 측면의 지원인 것으로 밝혀졌다.징에서 나타나는 AD-SR맥락의 반성적 탐구가 자주 나타났다. 반성적 탐구 척도 두 그룹을 비교 했을 때 CON 상호작용의 특징이 낮게 나타나는 N그룹이 양적으로 그리고 내용적으로 더 의미 있는 반성적 탐구를 했다용을 지원하는 홈페이지를 만들어 자료 제공 사이트에 대한 메타 자료를 데이터베이스화했으며 이를 통해 학생들이 원하는 실시간 자료를 검색하여 찾을 수 있고 홈페이지를 방분했을 때 이해하기 어려운 그래프나 각 홈페이지가 제공하는 자료들에 대한 처리 방법을 도움말로 제공받을 수 있게 했다. 실시간 자료들을 이용한 학습은 학생들의 학습 의욕과 탐구 능력을 향상시켰으며 컴퓨터 활용 능력과 외국어 자료 활용 능력을 향상 시키는데도 도움을 주었다.지역산업 발전을 위한 기술역량이 강화될 것이다.정 ${\rightarrow}$ 분배 ${\rightarrow}$ 최대다수의 최대행복이다.는 역할을 한다. 따라

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A Study on Status of Multi-GNSS Constellation and Its Positioning Performance on SPP mode (다중 GNSS 구축현황 및 표준절대측위 성능에 관한 연구)

  • Yun, Seonghyeon;Lee, Hungkyu;Dinh, Huy Nguyen
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.8
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    • pp.662-673
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    • 2019
  • This paper investigates the most recent status of multi-GNSS, including technical features, types of ranging signals provided, and satellite constellation. Furthermore, a series of multi-GNSS positioning experiments in SPP mode were carried out to assess the achievable accuracy and continuity with an application to various positioning scenarios. A week of GNSS measurements each in 2018 and 2019 was acquired from the national geographical information institute and processed. The results show that a single GNSS-based scenario often encounters positioning blockage in the harsh operational environment, while multi-constellation cases are able to remedy this situation. The accuracy of multi-GNSS with a combination of GPS and Galileo is superior to that of other GNSS compositions due to the larger SISRE (Signal In Space Ranging Errors) of GLONASS and Beidou. Due to the different characteristics of GNSS SISRE, an issue has been raised to optimally integrate satellite measurements to maximize accuracy of multi-GNSS positioning.

Comparison of Ionosphere Models for Single Frequency GNSS Receiver (단일주파수 GNSS 수신기를 위한 전리층 모델 비교)

  • Lee, Chang-Moon;Park, Kwan-Dong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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    • 2010.04a
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    • pp.147-150
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    • 2010
  • Ionopheric deley is the largest error sources in GNSS positining. The single frequency receiver user needs an ionospheric model like the Klobuchar model or NeQuick model to eliminate the ionospheric error. In this study we estimated VTEC(Vertical Total Electron Content) over DAEJ station using the two models in each season. We compared the results with Global Ionosphere Maps and International Reference Ionosphere model predictions. As a result, the NeQuick model was more accurate than Klobuchar model.

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Magnetic Sensors and Actuators

  • Pasquale, M.
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.60-69
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    • 2003
  • A review of mechanical sensing techniques based on magnetic methods is presented, with special reference to magnetoelastic strain gauges and force sensors. A novel strain sensor based on soft amorphous ribbons is described. Other types of magnetic sensors, for the measurement of torque and displacement are briefly discussed. An overview of magnetic actuators based on giant magnetostrictive materials, with some practical examples, is presented. Recent advances in the development and application of magnetic shape memory materials are discussed, together with the analysis of recent studies for the description of magnetic shape memory phenomena.

An Analysis of Modernization and Real Data of GLONASS System (GLONASS 현대화 및 실측 데이터 분석)

  • Choi, Chang-Mook
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2014.10a
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    • pp.840-841
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    • 2014
  • 전세계 위성항법시스템은 미국의 GPS, 러시아의 GLONASS가 운용되고 있으며, Galileo, COMPASS 등이 구축 중에 있다. 세계적인 시스템으로 발전한 GPS와는 대조적으로 GLONASS는 세계 위성항법 사용자는 물론 자국 내의 사용자에게까지도 외면 당해왔다. 이는 구소련의 붕괴이후 러시아의 재정문제로 GLONASS가 완전한 임무수행을 못했기 때문이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 러시아 GLONASS 시스템의 현대화 정책을 분석하고, 위성으로부터 수신되는 실측데이터를 통해 시스템의 운용정도를 분석한 결과 정상작동 중이며 GPS와 GLONASS 통합 데이터가 매우 우수함을 확인하였다.

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Performance Verification of Korean Wide Area Differential GNSS Ground Segement (한국형 광역보정시스템(WA-DGNSS) 지상국 성능 검증)

  • Yun, Ho;Han, Duk-Hwa;Kee, Chang-Don
    • Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.49-54
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    • 2013
  • This paper describes the progress and results of 'Wide Area Differetial GNSS (WA-DGNSS) Development' project which is supported by Korea Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs. This project develops the main algorithm of the WA-DGNSS which can guarantee the improved accuracy, availability and integrity all over the Korean peninsula. After the establishment of WA-DGNSS ground system, a real time demonstration using pseudolite will be conducted. Product of this project will be directly utilized in Korean Satellite Based Augmentation System(SBAS) development project which is planned to be started from 2014.