• The Pure and Applied Mathematics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.251-262
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• 2012

Based on the theory of a falling shadow which was first formulated by Wang([14]), a theoretical approach of the ideal structure in BH-algebras is established. The notions of a falling subalgebra, a falling ideal, a falling strong ideal, a falling $n$-fold strong ideal and a falling translation ideal of a BH-algebra are introduced. Some fundamental properties are investigated. Relations among a falling subalgebra, a falling ideal and a falling strong ideal, a falling $n$-fold strong ideal are stated. A relation between a fuzzy subalgebra/ideal and a falling subalgebra/ideal is provided.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.371-374
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• 2004

The ultimate purpose of Supply Chain Management (SCM) is maximizing the profits of the overall Supply Chain (SC) through increasing customer satisfaction and decreasing operating cost. It can be successfully accomplished only when SC system balances demands with supply activities coordinated by aggregate planning, mid-term level of Supply Chain Planning(SCP). However, the existing measures to mainly estimate the specific function of SCM are not enough to evaluate the state of SC with respect to the balance between supply and demand in operating. To solve this problem, we develop a new SC performance measure, Balancing Point, using momentum concept. a fundamental knowledge of physics. Momentum concept can explain the relation among objects so that it can consider the balance between supply and demand in SC operating. The developed measure can not only consider the current state of the SC system but also take planned but not executed supply activities and upcoming demands into account. Therefore, using Balancing point, we can be aware of the unbalanced state of SC in advance.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2014

We present results of the analysis of FLS 1718+59, a galaxy-galaxy gravitational lens system in the Spitzer First Look Survey (FLS) Field. A background galaxy (z = 0.245) is severely distorted by an elliptical galaxy (z = 0.08), by gravitational lensing. We analyze this system by several methods, including Ellipse and Galfit fitting, gravitational lens modeling (gravlens), and SED fitting. Properties of the lens galaxy can be obtained: from Galfit we measure the effective radius and the average surface brightness inside it, and from gravlens we estimate the total mass inside the Einstein radius (lensing mass). We use these parameters to check that the lens galaxy is located on the Fundamental Plane. Also, we conduct SED fitting for the lens galaxy and estimate the stellar mass, and compare this with the lensing mass of the lens galaxy to check the M-L relation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.2213-2219
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• 2008

Customer complaints on noise from the power transformer have been increased because of their concerns on environment. In order to solve fundamental noise problem of the transformer, KEPCO and domestic transformer manufacturers are developing 55 dBA class low noise transformers. To check accordance of the noise abatement law, we study relation between transformer noise level and substation border noise level. We present 'noise level of the substation border' under operating conditions and transformer noise level change. We also present an appropriate noise level of the transformer that satisfy the noise abatement law for outdoor substations.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.102-107
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• 2004

In order to understand the characteristics of the Japanese conception of space, we examined the characteristics of Japanese human geography, schools of thought, and aesthetics through the examinations on relevant documents. In addition, we reorganized such cultural backgrounds in relation to the Japanese perception of space, extracting the fundamental principles and elements of Japanese space composition and examining their significance. We propose a structural framework for understanding and analyzing Japanese space based on the reciprocal relationship and meaning among the various elements of Japanese space. Using this analytical framework, we studied the representative works of Japanese interior space, concluding in an analysis of the expressive characteristics of the Japanese notion of space.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.51 no.8
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• pp.403-408
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• 2002

As the electricity industry undergoes a process of fundamental restructuring, horizontal market power appears as a potential obstacle to a fully competitive wholesale electricity market. Market power is the ability profitably to maintain prices above competitive levels by restricting output below competitive levels. In models for imperfect competition under the consideration of the transmission constraints, the Nash equilibrium has the form of a mixed strategy. In this paper, the models for analyzing imperfect competition are compared using the solution of pure and mixed equilibria. The relation between market power and the capacity of a transmission line is investigated by imperfect competition analysis methods: Cournot, Bertrand, and Supply Curve model.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.217-233
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• 2005

Elastic and electromagnetic waves can be used to gather important information about particulate materials. To facilitate smart geophysical characterization of particulate materials, their fundamental properties are discussed and experimental procedures are presented for both elastic and electromagnetic waves. The first application is related to the characterization of particulate materials using shear waves, concentrating on changes in effective stress during consolidation, multi-phase phenomena with relation to capillarity, and microscale characteristics of particles. The second application involves electromagnetic waves, focusing on stratigraphy detection in layered soils, estimation of void ratio and its spatial distribution, and conduction in unsaturated soils. Experimental results suggest that shear waves allow studying particle contact phenomena and the evolution of interparticle forces, while electromagnetic waves give insight into the characteristics of the fluid phase and its spatial distribution.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2011.12a
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• pp.39-40
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• 2011

In this study, the magnetism and the elastic properties of Fe-Si alloys have been investigated using the all-electron FLAPW method based on the GGA. The local magnetic moment of Fe atoms decreases gradually. From the Pugh's relation and $C_P$, in the ordered $D0_3$ $Fe_3Si$, we predict that it presents intrinsic ductility.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.123-144
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• 2007

The major purpose of this study is to find level of financial management behavior and relation factors. In addition, It is also to suggest how to overcome family financial problems on urban housewives' in the time of economic crisis and to provide the fundamental data to improve economic stability. Consequently, in the times of economic crisis, housewives' change-oriented family finance management behavior appeared to be more desirable. Through change-oriented family finance management behavior, housewives needs try to find reasonable solution to improve family cohesion and financial stability. Specially, housewives have to make use of financial information for effective financial management behavior and the financial stability of family members.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 1994

Mimosa and Quebracho are, in general, tanned with leather skin, finished silk fabrics according to temperature, treatment time, tannin concetration, pH, and studies that relation between tannin weighting and various factors. This makes fundamental study on characteristic of tannin treated fabrics. and the results are as fallows : 1. λ$_{max}$ was found at 278.5nm for Mimosa. 279.5nm for Quebracho. Also a stability was good in standing time and heating. 2. The higher tannin treatment temprature was, the better tannin weighting effect was. But they were slightly decreased at over 8$0^{\circ}C$, and K/S was slowly increased. 3. As tannin treatment time increased, tannin weighting effect increased but they were decreased at over 8$0^{\circ}C$, 90min. 4. As tannin concentration increased, tannin weighting was increased. 5. In tannin weighting effect according to various pH conditions, the it's best range of pH were 3.5~5.5 of Mimosa, 2.5~3.5 of Quebracho.o.