• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.97-104
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• 1986

The change and development of costume are related to the cultural and socioeconomic factors. In the 18th century the mode of the women's costume in France was greatly influenced by the Rococo style. Elegance and exaggerated ornaments were the major characteristics of the woman's cos-tume in the Rococo period. The high hairdress and the widely hooped panier represented the typical Rococo fashion. From the second half of the 18th century onwards the aristocracy began to lose the battle with the bourgeoisie for political and economic power, and at the same time bourgeoisie fashion exerted an influence on court dress. The court fashion dominated the women's dress fashion in France up to the Revolution. Marie Antoinette, The Queen of Louis XVI, was one of the most influential fashion leaders in the lath century. The fashion, after attaining its highest point in 1770s, changed to a new direction in 1780s under Louis XVI. From that period onward the dimensions were smaller, hairdresses were not so high, and the trimming on the various garments was less liberal. In the mode, exaggeration was replaced by simplicity, and formality was replaced by functionalism.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.7-19
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• 2013

The formation of modern architecture during the Weimar Republic in Germany is seen through the works by Bruno Taut, one of the leading architects during that period. Through the extensive literature readings on Bruno Taut and critical analysis of Bruno Taut's ideologies, his works and the circumstances that he was in, the contention of this paper is that the root of modern architecture has less to do with functionalism and new technologies, but more to do with need to express new ideologies and expressions of their view of a new society. Although the socialistic idea did not account for sole reason for influencing their architecture, it did play a considerable part in deciding what architectural expressions are preferred. For this discourse this paper limits Bruno Taut's years from 1913 to 1932 prior to his exile from Germany; 1913 to 1923 being the years that constitute theoretical activities and 1923 to 1932 being the golden years for social housing when he participated on many public housing projects. It was during this period that his architecture put importance of practicality, and utilitarian; however the transition was not an abrupt departure from his expressionistic architecture but an inclusive act on his part.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is to figure out what the issues faced by architecture were at the time immediately before the transition to modern era centering of the works of Otto Wagner who acted in Vienna, Austria at the Fin de $si{\grave{e}}cle$. Therefore, the following points were examined in the present study; first, how were new spaces necessary to accommodate modern lives organized and how were the plans changed; second, how did the external expressions of architecture pursued by Otto Wagner appeared between arts and technologies, between historicism and modernity, and between decorations and functions. Through the study, it could be seen that Wagner began from historicism and traditionalism and tried to compromise them with modernity. Many modern characteristics appeared a priori in Wagner's works from the construction of 'Linke Wien Zeile housing block' in 1898, his works completely broke from the typical historicism styles to open the period of inventive 'Secession styles.' At that time, Wagner concentrated on so called 'flat decorations.' Thereafter, his residential architecture completed to modern styles with 'Neustiftgasse housing block' as the peak. The characteristics of modern housing as above became a cornerstone of the modern functionalism later.

• Archives of design research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 1992

Today, the art and the architecture face up to the problem of loss of direction. So, the derection of post have been lost. This phenomina cause the second loss of direction, because the mode of pre-modernism is underestimated. After all, the mode and philosophy of after-modernism face up to the new crisis of derection. Present artists, archtectures and designers have to acnieve new trial and study for estimation of aestetics and directions. Ultimately, constant exercise and study of philosophy, morpholophy, morphology, current mode and new materials is necessary to search a methodology. This all have to be accomplished by the clear philosophy. The original identity is formed in environmental basis. So, first, architectures, designers, and artist understand native identity, second, we sho have acadenical and practical faculties impose significance. In case of Europe, the change of mode have led paradigm of culture. The great change of social culture have come out the wave of revolution that cross in design, architecture and art. 1920's of modernism evolve 1960's completion. In the change of life style, functionalism have evolved postmodernnism. But, in this change we do not suggest the new derection that form concrete idea and sympathy. This phenomina appear in the end of a centry, and nowaday is that day. This trends effect on artists, architectures, and designers, and design and will be changed. Finally, we need to study of concrete and new direction in this circumstance.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.25-33
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• 1998

A Study on the Plasticity of the Gather Represented in Haute Couture The Gather is the plastic technique to represent a sense of voluminosity by pleating the plane of costume and manifests the emotional effects , such as both functional aspects and the construction of form, optical illusion effect, textural feelings from materials, tactile transformations, etc. So it is used as the tool to represent the plastistic beauty of costume. The plasticity of the ancient gather was the drape arising according to the curve of the body, but the type of gather recently found on the haute couture does not only retain the activity and functionalism on which the technical element and the ornamental aspect are mixed with other techiques.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2007

The most important issue of today in design genre is the comprehensive design that overcomes the limitations of the rational and logical designs of functionalism that has had influences in entire 20th century and encompasses even the emotional aspect of humans. The emotional design factors in furniture designs will be analyzed in order to analyze their effects and values on the consumers of present times. The emotional uses of the patterns with the motive of nature expressing papers, flowers, wood textures, natural phenomena etc as they are and the colors with the vivid feeling of primary colors represent more dynamic and cheerful life style and the designs are characterized by the warm primary colors that give the feeling that the nature has been transferred to the designs as it is. Diverse materials such as leather, fur, fabric and the materials with soft and flexible feeling such as silicone material have been used more widely and they are used as the materials expressing freedom not being formalized. The designs that can produce diverse spaces desired by users by gathering unit modules can be said to be the outcome of the emotional designs combined with the needs of modern peoples that aspire their own designs.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.5-23
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• 1995

According to a well-known argument (so-called the Godelian argument) proposed by Lucas. Godel's theorem refutes the thesis of mechanism. that is, the thesis that human cognitive system is no more than a Turing machine. The main aim of this paper is to show that this argument is not successful. However. I also argue that many pre-existing objections (by Benacerraf, Slezak. Boyer. Hofstadter etc.) to Gooelian argument are not satisfactory. either. Using Tarski's theorem. I then strengthen what I caII the consistency objection to Godelian argument. In my dilemma objection obtained. Godelian argument doesn't work because the argument has a false premise if we have the concept of global truth and the argument cannot be stated if not.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.105-120
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• 2013

In this study, we tried to find out various characteristics of adolescents' computer game using out of functionalism. We used in-depth interviews to 18 adolescents to investigate what they think about games and how they use games. Adolescents showed positive perspectives and had mature attitudes to games. Games are leisure activities which can be carried out only after finishing homework, the fiction which is less important than the reality, something that needs proper restriction. Also, peer group strongly affected their game using.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.21-27
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to observe the Art-Deco style art and hair-style. Art-deco design, which was popular in the 20th century, especially in the 1920s and 1930s, actively absorbed new forms, materials, and aesthetic values that come from technological developments and bridged the tradition to new pupblic culture. Art-Deco style art showed and geometrical decoration tendency to meet modem concept and sense. The over all study on back grounds of Art-Deco style and its art works made possible to figure out the summary on formative characteristics of the style such as simplicity, exoticism, vivid colors, and functionalism. These findings suggest that hair styles borrow its characteristics or image from the past style to create new styles. It was found in the development of new hair styles that patterns or geometric motive appearing the Art-D$\acute{e}$eco style are the source of rich design.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.147-157
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• 2012

The construction of government-sponsored housing in Korea began in the early 1950s. Beyond fulfilling the housing shortage after the Korean War, it also impacted the development of housing in Korea. The aim of this study is to explore the construction and supply of government-sponsored housing and to discuss the positive and negative influences on the modern housing in Korea. In order to achieve the objectives, the pictures and floor plans, newspaper articles and the KNHC publications, which led the public housing supply from 1950 to 1960, were examined. Results indicate as follows: First, government-sponsored housing industrialized the housing production, which satisfied the volume need. The simplified floor plan and exterior, along with the western characteristics, created a new urban landscape. Second, the distinct characteristics of Korean housing were established. By emphasizing development and financial practicality, large scale housing complexes were built with simplified, characterless, and mechanical exteriors in a disconnected territory with neighbor district. Third, government-sponsored housing became the major accelerator to westernize the Korean housing culture. In conclusion, the principles of functionalism of government-sponsored housing have become the fundamental root of Korean housing since the war.