• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.75-84
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• 1994

A control panel layout method based on the constraint satisfaction problem(CSP) technique was developed to generate an ergonomically sound panel design. This control panel layout method attempts to incorporate a variety of relevant ergonomic principles and design constrains, and generate an optimal or, at least, a "satisfactory" solution through the efficient search algorithm. The problem of seeking an ergonomically sound panel design should be viewed as a multiple criteria problem, and most of the design objectives should be understood as constraints. Hence, a CSP technique was employed in this study for dealing with the multi-constraiants layout problem. The efficient search algorithm using "preprocess" and "look ahead" procedures was developed to handle the vast amount of computational effort. In order to apply the CSP technique to the panel layout procedure, the ergonomic principles such as spatial compatibility, frequency-of- use, importance, functional grouping, and sequence-of-use were formalized as CSP terms. The effectiveness of the developed panel layout method was evaluated by example problems, and the results clearly showed that the generated layouts took various ergonomic design principles into account.esign principles into account.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.40-50
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• 2006

This study investigates how airline customers evaluate e-ticket process newly adopted by many of airlines. Customers are highly satisfied with the easy of confirmation on their itineraries and the channel provided through while they are worry about the likelihood of leakage of personal information during e-ticket process. Highly experienced customers on the usage of e-ticket are more concerned about ancillary aspects such as visual image of I.T.R(Itinerary and Receipt) and travel information than functional aspect such as easy of confirmation on itinerary. And also experienced customers are more likely to repurchase e-ticket and when purchasing tickets they do it through internet and call center of airlines rather than travel agencies and ticket office of airlines.

• Journal of Smart Tourism
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2022

Tourism businesses use chat services to provide immediate customer support and to help users navigate within a website, but there are more outcomes of this interaction that should be examined. The current study aimed to discover if the online travel chat service quality and information value of the online travel chat service lead to user satisfaction with the service and visit intention to a recommended destination by Korea Tourism Organization's 1330 Live Chat. The results indicate that information value (functional and innovation) and online travel chat service quality (reliability, assurance, and security) lead to satisfaction with the live chat service and visit intention to a recommended destination. The results can benefit practitioners who want to expand and improve their customer service interaction and recommendations, and to scholars who study the relationship between customer services in tourism recommendation and sales context.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

The purpose of the study was to identify the level of housing choice behavior by using the factors of residential satisfaction level, mobility motivation, and housing needs of potential purchasers in Bukgu New Housing Area, Ulsan. The survey used questionnaire from 326 households living in Bukgu and nearby area and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research results showed low degree of residential satisfaction in storage space and neighborhood. The mobility motivations were improvement of physical environment improvement, education environment, walking road, view and lighting. The housing needs for indoor spaces showed to want more functional arrangement than the room size. The housing needs for outdoor spaces showed to want neighborhood environment in connection with the education or hospital facilities, the welfare facilities for pre-kindergarten children and elders and the leisure facilities. And the housing needs for facilities were floor furnishing for health, crime prevention system for safety needs, housekeeping appliance against environmental pollution, additional function for energy saving. The housing needs for common spaces showed that the residents preferred playing facilities by age group, exercise facilities, the community hall and the rest room which can do games or meetings.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.103-111
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• 1994

An interactive and iterative design method based on the constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) technique was developed to generate an ergonomically sound layout of a control panel. This control panel layout method attempts to incorporate a variety of relevant ergonomic principles and design constraints, and generate an optimal or, at least, a "satisfactory" solution through iterative interactions with the designer. The existing panel design and layout methods are mostly based on the optimization of single objective function formulated to reflect and trade off all ergonomic design objectives which are largely different in their nature. In fact, the problem of seeking an ergonomically sound panel design should be viewed as a multiple objective optimization problem. Furthermore, most of the design objectives should be understood as constraints rather than objectives to be optimized. Hence, a constraint satisfaction approach is proposed in this study as a framework for the panel designer to search through the design decision space effectively and make various design decisions iteratively. In order to apply the constraint satisfaction approach to the panel design procedure, the ergonomic principles such as frequency-of-use, importance, functional grouping, and sequence-of-use are formalized as CSP terms. With this formalization, a prototype system was implemented and applied to panel layout problems. The results clearly showed the effectiveness of the proposed approach since it permits designers to consider and iteratively evaluate various design constraints and ergonomic principles, and, therefore, aids the panel designer to come up with an ergonomically sound control panel layout.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-58
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to provide the information about improvement method of the detached housing area for children's outdoor activities. This study was accomplished by two research methods; the evaluation of physical environment of two detached housing areas, and the analyzation of satisfaction & consciousness of 190 residents. Outdoor spaces of detached housing area were divided into 6 areas (play space, education facility, commercial facility, green space, street space, and empty space & parking lot). And then, 6 outdoor spaces were evaluated about the physical characters such as accessibility, network, safety, variety, functional, natural elements. Also, the survey for resident's satisfaction and consciousness was used the Likert scale. According to the result of this study, many parts of the detached housing area were not good for children's outdoor activities, and the resident's satisfaction was low. In the sample detached housing areas, negative factors were car and motorcycle. And many residents pointed out the lack of natural elements, variety, and safety of outdoor space in dwelling area. Finally, this study suggested the several constitution method for the children's activities based on the results of evaluation and survey.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.407-418
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• 2009

In our modern society along with high speed economic growth and improvement of living conditions and through concentration of people in cities cars became essential necessities for people living in modern society. Due to social and economic conditions and for the need of recycling of materials and as a countermeasure for waste of materials importance of car service is stressed. In this connection need for improvement of working clothes which are suitable for safety and working efficiency in a difficult working environment is essential. However most of working clothes now being sold in the market are produced without consideration of ergonomic aspects of wearers of working clothes. For this reason there is need for basic research on development of working clothes which improve safety and comfort for working of car service workers. Accordingly in this study this author carried out research on fitness, level of satisfaction and dissatisfaction, suitability for movement and level of demand for improvement in working clothes with focus on workers at car service firms and direction for its improvement was explored. This study is intended to provide basic data for development of functional pattern of working clothes for car service workers in future.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.12-22
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• 2008

The purpose of this article is to establish fundamental sources and guidelines of bathroom designs of brand apartments in Korea. The article examines the current conditions of bathroom, satisfaction rates, and preference rates of residents in Mid-sized apartment units of the top five brand apartments based on construction capacity and brand popularity. A total of 427 samples, acquired via internet survey, were analyzed with the statistical computer program SPSS PC+ window version 15.0. The conclusions of the article are as follows: 1) Fixtures and products which fulfill various behaviors, as well as multi-functional space programming, are demanded. 2) Developing clear standards of basic bathroom fixtures and environments is also required in further research and to be applied to practical bathroom design. 3) The bathroom fixtures and environments ought to accommodate all age groups. 4) Respondents preferred a separated dry floor, either toilet or sink portion, to a full-dry or full-wet floor. 5) Respondents of all age groups considered bathroom as a private space, thus it should facilitate various private activities. The results of this study would contribute to adequate and sound bathroom design as key information.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.158-166
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aimed to find gender distinctions in terms of the sociology of the population; to determine work-related factors; to analyze gender differences in daily living, work, sports, and art performances; and to identify gender-related factors that limited performance of daily living and work activities. Methods: A questionnaire was designed that included disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH), accident history, disease history, work duration at current workplace, marital status, job satisfaction, job autonomy, and physical demands of the job. Out of 1,853 workers surveyed, 1,173 questionnaires (63.3%; 987 males, 186 females) included responses to DASH disability and DASH optional work and were judged acceptable for analysis. Results: Upper extremity functional limitation during work and daily living was higher for females than males. The limitations for males increased according to their household work time, accident history, work duration, job satisfaction, physical demand, and job autonomy. Meanwhile, female workers' upper extremity discomfort was influenced by their disease history, job satisfaction, and physical demands. In addition, the size of the company affected male workers' upper extremity function, while marriage and hobbies influenced that of female workers. Conclusion: This study addressed sociodemographic factors and work-related factors that affect each gender's upper extremity function during daily living and working activities. Each factor had a different influence. Further studies are needed to identify the effect that role changes, not being influenced by risks at work, have on musculoskeletal disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.119-136
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• 1998

The objective of this study is to evaluate the organizational effectiveness of uniersity libraries in Korea. This study models emphasized the situational factors, fundamental factors and types of organiz tional effectiveness. environment, technology, size, strategy, and power were taken as situational factors of organizational structure ; fundamental factors were complexity, formalization, and centralization ; organizational structures were diveded into simple organization, functional organization, departmental organization, subject divisional organization(I), (II). Efficiency, flexibility, information service and satisfaction were taken as effectiveness factors and satisfaction was subdivided into organizational commitment and job satisfaction. In this study, situational factors, fundamental factors and types of organizational structures influence one another, ultimately affect the level of organizational effectiveness. Organizational effectiveness represents no organization of high organizational effectiveness on all levels.