• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.55-67
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was designed in order to determine the effects of Artemisiae Capillaris, Ponciri Fructus and Cartaegi Fructus so as to care the obesity and obesity-related diabetes. Methods : After induction of obesity by high fat-diet in rats, the each extracts of three medicinal stuffs were administrated with continuous high fat-diet for 4 weeks. And the changes of lipid metabolism, liver function and blood levels of glucose and insulin were examined. Results : Blood concentrations of triglyceride, free fatty acid and LDL-cholestrol were increased in obese group compared with standard dieted group. By treatment of Ponciri Fructus or Cartaegi Fructus with high fat-diet, their concentrations of glyceride and free fatty acid were significantly decreased. Blood level of LDL -cholesterol was decreased in all stuffs treated groups, however atherogenic index was significantly decreased in treatment of Cartaegi Fructus with high fat-dieted group. Conclusion : High fat-dieted with treatment of Ponciri Fructus or Cartaegi Fructus, fatty degeneration was remarkably diminished.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Melia Fructus extract on osteoclast differentiation. Methods: MTT-assay was performed to estimate cytotoxicity of Melia Fructus extract in BMMs stimulated with M-CSF. TRAP staining, TRAP activity and Real-time PCR were performed to know the inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation. Actin ring formation were analysed to observe the effect of Melia Fructus extract. Results: Melia Fructus extract decreased the number of TRAP positive cells and the expression of NFATc1 gene, c-Fos gene, TRAP and OSCAR in BMMs stimulated with RANKL. Melia Fructus extract has no cytotoxicity at the concentration used in this study. Melia Fructus extract restrained the formation of actin ring. Melia Fructus inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$ activity by inducing degradation of p-$IkB{\alpha}$. Conclusions: Melia Fructus has the inhibitory effect of osteocalst differentiation and bone resorption. Further studies are needed to treat osteoporosis by herbal medicine containing Melia Fructus.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.357-369
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• 1992

Actions for 48-hour homolgous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (48-hr PCA) and chemical mediators were investigated in mice and rats. The hyaluronidase activity, which was used in the in vitro screening test of the antiallergic action, was significantly inhibited by Magnoiliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Forsythiae Fructus, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Ponciri Fructus among twelve medicinal plants and tranilast as a comparative drug of the antiallergic action. In the mouse ear, 48-hr PCA was significantly inhibited by intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Ponciri Fructus, Ledebouriellae Radix and tranilast. And also, the increment of vascular permeability induced by histamine or serotoin was inhibited significantly by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrheuae rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus and tranilast. In the rat dorsal skin, the increment of vascular permeability induced by histamine or serotonin was significantly inhibited by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Acyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and tranilast. And also, the increment of vascular permeability induced by compound 48/80 or calcium ionophore A 23187 was significantly inhibited by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Amemarrhenae Rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus, Ledebouriellae Radix, Lithospermi Radix and tranilast. These results suggest that each water extracts of Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma have especially antiallergic activities.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.37-44
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• 2022

Objectives : From this study, we sight to identify chondro-protective and anti-inflammatory effects of Sorbi Commixtae Fructus extract and its compound, chlorogenic acid. Methods : Sorbi Commixtae Fructus were extracted by 50% ethanol. And chlorogenic acid in Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% extract was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). To investigate chondro-protective effects, we treated Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract and chlorogenic acid in TNF𝛼-activated ATDC5 murine chondrogenic cells. After 24 hours, protein level of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3) and mRNA level of matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP13) were measured by using ELISA or reverse transcription PCR, respectively. To examine anti-inflammatory effects, we treated Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract and chlorogenic acid in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. We measured the level of inflammatory mediators, such as Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), Interleukin-6 (IL6) by ELISA and nitric oxide (NO) by Griess reagent assay. Results : A concentration of chlorogenic acid in Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract was 3.9 mg/g. Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract and chlorogenic acid attenuated protein level of MMP3 and mRNA level of MMP13 in TNF𝛼-activated ATDC5 cells. Sorbi commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract inhibited the level of PGE2, IL6 and NO in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells in dose dependent manner, but chlorogenic acid has no anti-inflammatory effects. Conclusions : These findings demonstrated that Sorbi Commixtae Fructus 50% ethanol extract has chondro-protective and anti-inflammatory effects showing possible therapeutics to ease the symptoms related with osteoarthritis.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was investigated the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus on Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Specifically, the effects of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results : The Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomclis Fructus extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ protein, $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein, MDA, and CD68/CD11b, in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}$ amyloid peptide. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.957-962
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• 2010

This study examined the effects of Cornus fructus addition to suger snap cookies on WRC (water rentention capacity) and AWRC (alkaline water retention capacity). WRC and AWRC increased as more Cornus fructus powder was added, whereas the sedimentation value and Pelshenke value decreased. Regarding cookie color, L value decreased, whereas the a and b values increased. As the cookie diameter became smaller, thickness increased and spread factor decreased. Hardness of the cookies decreased, and preference was highest for cookies with 5% added Cornus fructus. The preferences for cookies were in the following order: 7% < 3% < 1% < 0% < 5% addition. In conclusion, addition of less than 5% Cornus fructus powder was the most desirable. To complement cookie appearance, it seems necessary to adjust the water content of Cornus fructus powder or add an emulsifier.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.356-370
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• 2006

Objectives: The aim of this experimental study is to investigate effects of Dolichoris Semen, Terminaliae Fructus and Bojanggunbi-tangon the anti-cathartic action of mice and guinea pigs to develop effective herbal medicine and prescription to cure diarrhea early and to prevent side effect of chronic diarrhea. Methods: To compare effects of Dolichoris Semen, Terminaliae Fructus and Bojanggunbi-tangon the anti-cathartic action of mice and guinea pigs, we evaluated the actions on isolated gastrointestinal smooth muscles. on the transportability of small and large intestines, onthe neostigmine-induced transportability of small intestine and on diarrhea induced by castor oil, pilocarpine, barium chloride. Results: (1) Dolichoris Semen, Terminaliae Fructus and Bojanggunbi-tang showed the strong alleviation on the contraction of mice's isolated gastrointestinal smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine chloride and barium chloride. while Terminaliae Fructus, strong, Bojanggunbi-tang, intermediate and Dolichoris Semenshowed the minor alleviation on the contraction of guinea pigs' isolated gastrointestinal smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine chloride and histamine. All effects depended on the density in each medicine. (2) The tranbportability of small intestine was contrained in the groups controlled by 600 mg/kg of Dolichoris Semen, Terminaliae Fructus and Bojanggunbi-tang, and 200 mg/kg of D olichoris Semen and Terminaliae Fructus. However, the enhancement of neostigmine-induced transportability of small intestine was constrained only in the groups controlled by 600 mg/kg of Dolichoris Semen, Terminaliae Fructus and Boianggunbi-tang. (3) The transportability of large intestine was constrained by Dolichoris Semen and Bojanggunbi-tang. They showed substantial results. which depended on the amount of each medicine. (4) Terminaliae Fructus showed substantial anti-cathartic effects on diarrhea induced by caster oil in both groups controlled by 200 and 600 mg/kg of it. However, Bojanggunbi-tangshowed the effects only in the group controlled by 600 mg/kg. in diarrhea induced by pilocarpine, the groups controlled by 600 mg/kg or Terminaliae Fructus and 200 and 600 mg/kg of Boianggnbi-tangshowed substantial results. In diarrhea induced by barium chloride. the groups controlled by 200 and 600 mg/kg of Terminaliae Fructus and 600 mg/kg of Boianggunbi-tangshowed substantial results in anti-cathartic effects. Conclusions: These results show that Terminaliae Fructus is more effective on the contraction of mice and guinea pigs' isolated gastrointestinal smooth muscles, Dolichoris Semen is more effective on the transportability of small intestine, Dolichoris Semen and Bojanggunbi-tang are more effective on the transportability of large intestine. Terminaliae Fructus and Bojanggunbi-tang show substantial results in anti-cathartic actions.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to observe the effects of herbal acupuncture with Schizandrae Fructus solution at $GB_{34}$(Yangneungcheon) on hyperlipidemia in rats. Methods : In the present study, herbal acupuncture with Schizandrae Fructus solution was administered into hyperlipidemic mice. The author performed several experimental items to analyze the levels of various components and enzymes in serum, liver, as well as the histological changes of liver and aorta. Results : 1. In the Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture group, serum total cholesterol and Atherogenic index were significantly decreased, and the ratios of HDL to total cholesterol, and phospholipid to total cholesterol in serum were significantly increased as compared with those of the control group. 2. In the Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture group, HMG-CoA reductase activity was significantly decreased as compared with those of the control group. 3. Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture reduced deposit of lipid in the liver tissue. Conclusions : From the above results, it is suggested that Schizandrae Fructus herbal-acupuncture at $GB_{34}$ has a therapeutic effect on hyperlipidemia.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2009

To improve the functional and organoleptic properties of the fermented soymilk with Bacillus subtilis 2829PNU015 which has chungkukjang like flavor, functional materials from the edible plant extracts with well-known health promoting effects were examined by fibrinolytic activity and sensory evaluation. Among five samples such as Corni fructus, garlic, purple sweet potato, aged garlic, and pumpanini were tested, Corni fructus showed the highest fibrinolytic activity. The appearance and taste of the fermented soymilk (FS) was varied to the amount of Corni fructus added, and the highest acceptability of FS was observed from FS containing 1% Corni fructus extracts ($10^{\circ}$Brix) in it. Best way of applying Corni fructus to the fermented soymilk (FFS) was found to be incubating the mixture of soymilk and Corni fructus with Bacillus subtilis. FFS demonstrated dose dependent radical scavenging activities and these activities were found to be higher than those of FS at designated concentration.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.272-277
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• 2004

Bread were prepared by adding 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of rubi fructus(Rubus coreanus Miquel) juice to wheat flour, and the effects of added rubi fructus Juice on dough rheology and bread qualities were examined. The peak and final viscosities in rapid visco analyzer increased with the increase in addition of rubi fructus juice. The water absorption and mechanical tolerance index(MTI) increased, but dough development time and dough stability decreased in farinograph with the increase in addition of rubi fructus juice. The hardness, gumminess and chewiness of bread increased significantly with the increase in addition of tubi fructus juice. From the result of sensory evaluation, bread containing 20% rubi fructus juice were rated as higher quality bread than the others.