• Plant Resources
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2005

Compositae plants are known to contain biologically active substances that are allelopathic to agricultural crops as well as weed species. Aqueous or methanol extracts and plant residues from leaves of Xanthium occidentale were assayed against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to determine its allelopathic effects, and the results showed that the extracts applied onto filter paper significantly inhibited seed germination as well as root growth of alfalfa. Aqueous leaf extracts of $40g\;L^{-1}$ were completely inhibitory on root growth of alfalfa, while root growths of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) were less sensitive. Leaf residue incorporation at $100g\;kg^{-1}$ into soil on seedling growth of barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli Beauv. var. oryzicola Ohwi) inhibited both shoot and root fresh weights of barnyard grass by 94 and $96\%$, respectively. Methanol extracts from BuOn and EtOAc fractions of X. occidentale reduced alfalfa root growth more than did those from hexane and water fractions. The results based on bioassay of extracts and residues show that X. occidentale had potent an allelopathic activity against other plant species.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.75-80
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• 2007

Ethanolic extracts of twenty-one plant species were tested in vitro for their fungitoxic properties against leaf spot causing pathogen of mulberry Myrothecium roridum by poisoned food technique. Ethanolic extracts of twenty-plant spp. reduced mycelial growth of M. roridum significantly except E. pulcherrima. Highest inhibition of M. roridum colony growth observed in 10% extracts of E. citriodora (49.45%) followed by D. metel (39.45%), Chromolaena odoratum (25.56%) and A. sativum (25.00%). Among the concentration tested, 10% concentration was found significantly higher effective on reducing colony growth followed by 5 and 2.5%. Aqueous extract fresh leaves/bulb of seven short-listed plant spp. (inhibition>15% in ethanolic extracts) revealed that D. metel inhibited (23.43%) followed by E. citriodora (14.66%), C. odoratum (13.53%). On dry leaf extracts D. metel was found more effective than E. citriodora. The results indicated that D. metel, E. citriodora, C. odoratum and A. sativum having high fungitoxicity against M. roridum and ethanolic extract found more effective than aqueous extract.

• Plant Resources
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 2001

Transgenic Petunia hybrida cv. Rosanpion was produced by Agrobactepium tumefaciens LBA4404 harboring a binary vector pBI 121 containing $\beta$-glucuronidase (gus) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII). For genetic transformation, leaf discs were precultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L NAA and 1.0 mg/L BA (MNB) for 2 days and cocultured for 15 mins with A. tumefaciens. For selection of transformant, leaf discs were transferred to fresh MNB containing 50 mg/L kanamycin and 500 mg/L cefotaxime. Eighteen plants were regenerated and four were confirmed by PCR for detection of gus and nptII gene integrated into the nuclear genome of petunia ‘Rosanpion’. Using this transformation system, we expect that transgenic petunia ‘Rosanpion’ incorporating a useful gene can be produced.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.301-306
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• 1998

In order to improve cultivation technuque of C. lanceolata, natural ABA was treated with foliar application periodically during differenctitation of node. The higher is concentration and the earier its foliar application was, the shoter plant height was. Especially, when $10mg;.L{-1}$ of ABA was treated at differentiated stage of 3rd node, plant height was inhibited to 60% of control. But leaf length, leaf width, and number of branches have no significant differnence in comparison wiht control. The fresh weight of subterranean part was similar to control independent of treat-time in the case of $10mg;.L{-1}$. When 1,5 and $10mg;.L{-1}$ of ABA were treated at initial differentiated node stage, plant height inhibited to 20~30% of control, but subterranean part was similar to control. All treatement showed slight antitumor activity by the P388 cytotoxic screening test.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.70 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 1985

To sled the superior clones of Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa $F_1$, growth and some growth-related enzyme activities were examined for thirteen, two-year-old and fifteen, three-year-old trees at Seoul National University nursery in Suwon. Clonal differences in total dry weight per tree and leaf surface area per tree were significant at the 5% level. Significant correlations were found between total dry weight per tree and leaf surface area per tree (r=0.875), between leaf peroxidase activity per tree and total dry weight per tree (r=0.854), and between leaf nitrate reductase activity per tree arid total dry weight per tree (r=0.914). Leaf peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities per unit fresh weight of one-year-old tree increased with increasing leaf order numbers basipetally, reaching maximum values in the eighteenth and thirty-third leaves, respectively, and decreased gradually from those leaves to basipetal lower leaves. Clones 65-29-19, 66-15-3, 65-22-11, 66-14-93, and 66-26-55 among two-year-old trees, and clones 64-6-44, 66-14-29, 66-26-55, 65-22-11, and 68-1-54 among three-year-old trees showed greater leaf surface areas, peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities per unit leaf fresh weight than other clones, Growth of Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa $F_1$ clones might be estimated from either leaf surface area per tree or peroxidase and nitrate reductase activities per tree. Therefore, measurements of leaf surface area and leaf enzyme activities appear useful to select superior Populus clones at early growth stages.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.720-726
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• 1995

Chemical components relevant to the characteristic taste of the Korean native persimmon(Diospyros kaki, Thumb) leaf tea were analyzed. Samples were processed by using three different methods ; SHT(steamed and then hot-air dried), DHT(dried in the shade, steamed and then hot-air dried) and RHT(roasted and then hot-air dried). The components analyzed were general compositions of dried perisimmon leaves and extracted solution. The composition of moisture, ash, crude lipid and total nitrogen did not show significant variation among different processing methods of the persimmonleaf tea. The contents of caffeine, tannin and vitamin C in persimmon leaf tea were in the range of $178.4~209.8{\mu}mol/g$, 29.1~38.5mg% and 325.3~2084.7mg%, respectively. The vitamin C content was significantly higher in the RHT than other treatments. The contents of caffeine, tannin and vitamin C in the tea extracted solution were in the range of $101.5~130.1{\mu}mol/g$, 15.4~25.9mg% and 111.0~1274.3mg%, respectively. The vitamine C in the tea solution was the highest in the RHT treatment and 61.1% of vitamin C in the leaf tea was extracted out in these processing methods. The major amino acids contained in the leaf tea were in decreasing order glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine and phenylalanine, these four amino acids consisting 38.9~39.8% of the total amino acid contained in the persimmon leaf tea. The major amino acids contained in the tea solution were glutamic acid, proline, histidine and arginine. Six kinds of 5'-nucleotides, CMP, AMP, UMP, IMP, GMP and hypoxanthine were detected and CMP was the most abundant component in fresh leaf, leaf tea and tea solution. The second highest 5'-nucleotides in both leaf tea and tea solutions were GMP, AMP and UMP in all processing method. The highest free sugar contained in the fresh leaf tea and tea solution was sucrose.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.423-434
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• 2020

The effects of amino acid and/or urea liquid fertilizer application on the growth and phytochemicals of Perilla leaves were summarized as follows; The fresh weight of the perilla leaves was in the order of CF, CL, KLF, and control, and 39.7 g, 37.4 g, 36.5 g and 32.3 g were measured. The plant height increased by 71.6 cm in the CF treatment than in the control(54.6 cm). The number of nodes was 14.3 node in CF treatment and 19% more than control(12 node). The vitamin C content tends to be increased by fertilizing the amino acid solution in the perilla leaf. The components of polyvalent unsaturation of n-6 origin were measured in CF treatment, KLF treatment, and control in 10.19 mg, 10.18 mg, and 9.38 mg per 100 g, respectively. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, arginine, alanine and lysin were contained in perilla leaf amino acid. Glutaminic acid content was found to be 455.1 mg, 495.6 mg, and 478.8 mg in the control, KLF and CF treatment per 100 g, respectively. Effective nutrition management using amino acid fertilizer optimizes crop yield and profitability, it is important to reduce the negative environmental risks of using fertilizer.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.329-333
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• 2001

Callus and shoot formation from medicinal crop, Lycium chinense Mill. cv. 'Cheongyang', as influenced by various media, explant sources and plant growth regulators were investigated. The rate of shoots formation, number of shoots, and fresh weight of shoots were the best on MS medium followed by B$_{5}$, WPH, and SH. Callus induction was more effective in leaf than internode segments, and was the best on MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L NAA with 0.2 mg/L BA. Effects of plant growth regulators in shoot formation were more effective in BA than TDA combined with NAA. Shoot formation from callus induced in leaf and internode segments was the best on MS medium containing 0.01 mg/L NAA with 0.2 mg/L BA.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.36-40
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• 1991

A field experiment was conducted to examine the growth of one and two year old American ginseng (Panax guinguefolium L.) in the arid interior of British Columbia, Canada. For both years of plants, early season growth was characterized by rapid stem and leaf dry matter production. Root growth commenced in early June and continued until early September. One year old roots had a dry weight of 0.1 to 0.2g at the end of the growing season. The two years old roots commenced the growing season at 0.Is and increased in dry matter by a factor of ten-fold. Dry to fresh weight ratios for both years were similar for root, leaf and stem samples at the end of the growing season. Leaf area index for both years showed similarities in progression over the growing season. As a consequence of the effectiveness of the microclimate modification employed to permit American ginseng cultivation (elevated shade cloth and surface mulch), plant growth and development was extremely good. This indicates the potential for the cultivation of American ginseng in dryland environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.67-75
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to pelletize to calendula and salvia seeds with peat moss as basic material for the efficient greening and vegetating of slopes and damaged areas. Also the pelletizing was compressed by spherical types that mixed basic fertilizer of N.;300 mg/l, P.;200 mg/l, K.;400 mg/g and plant growth regulator of A and NAA each 300PPM. Soil and soil surface seeding methods were researched to find the growing state of germination percent, germination date, germination force, length of leaf, number of leaf, width of leaf, length of plant, and etc. Comparing with controlled pelletizing, peat moss and +GA pelletizing treatments resulted in higher from two to three times as following growing states : length of leaves, number of leaves, width of leaves, length of plants, length of roots, fresh weights, and ratio of germination. Especially the two treatments above showed four more times effects than the +NNA treatment. Also their germinating date germinating force were earlier and stronger. The surface seeding method was superior to soil seeding.