• 전기학회논문지
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• 제62권7호
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• pp.891-897
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• 2013

The power system frequency plays an important role in monitoring and controlling the power system. The frequency can be measured through discrete Fourier transform (DFT) coefficients of its positive fundamental frequency. The accuracy of the frequency estimate is severely affected by noise in the power system signal and the leakage effect of the negative fundamental frequency in DFT. This paper proposes a DFT-based frequency estimation algorithm to cope with the noise as well as the leakage effect. In this algorithm, two suitable digital filters are introduced to reduce efficiently frequency estimate error due to the noise. These filters are designed to use a digital bandpass filter and a second-degree integrator. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in reduction of frequency estimate error is verified through simulations on noise, harmonics and frequency deviation.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제24권4E호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2005

In this paper, a new data-aided joint phase and frequency estimator, which has very low computational complexity, is proposed and its variances of phase and frequency estimates are derived. To estimate the phase and frequency offset, first of all, the overall observation interval is divided into same length sub-intervals, and then phase estimates are independently computed based on symbols of the each sub-intervals. To be continue the sequence of computed phase estimates, proper integer multiples of $2{\pi}$ are added to (or subtracted from) the computed phase estimates, which is called linearized phase estimate. The phase offset of the proposed joint estimator is estimated by averaging the linearized phase estimates and the frequency offset by averaging the differences between consecutive linearized phase estimates. The variance of the proposed phase offset estimate is same to MCRB of phase if there is no frequency offset, but it is smaller than MCRB of phase if there is frequency offset. However, the variance of the proposed frequency offset estimate is bigger by at least 0.5 dB than MCRB of frequency with the same observation interval.

• 물과 미래
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1992

본 연구는 한강유역내 수위표지점 중에서 댐에 의한 인위적 유량 조작을 받지 않는 자연하천유역에서의 지점들을 대상으로 홍수빈도예측을 위한 통계학적 모형의 적용성을 비교 검토하였고 그 결과 적용 가능한 것으로 입증하였다. 또한 홍수빈도모형에 의한 홍수추정량으로 부터모형의 통계학적 효용성을 검토한 결과, 단 기간 기록년수의 자료에서 유용한 부분기간치계열 방법에 의한 POT모형이 연최대치계열 방법에 의한 ANNMAX형보다 효과적임이 판명되었다.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.446-454
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• 2002

본 연구는 이동 표적체에서 주파수가 서로 다른 신호가 서로 다른 위치에서 발생할 때 도플러 주파수 편이량을 추정하여 이들의 상대적인 신호 발생 위치를 추적하는 도플러 스캐닝 기법에 관한 연구이다. 예를 들어 선박의 발전기와 프로펠러 등과 같은 탑재 기계장치들의 진동에 의해 야기되는 기계적 소음의 각 특징 주파수들의 도플러 주파수 편이는 최단근접거리 (CPA: Closest Point of Approach)에 따라 유일한 시간 정보를 갖고 각 소음원들의 위치에 관련되는 함수이다. 따라서 도플러 스캐닝 기법을 적용하면 이동 선박의 각 기계적 소음원들간의 공간적인 상대 위치 추정이 가능하다. 그러나 일반적으로 기계류 소음의 주파수는 저주파수대역이므로 도플러 주파수 편이량을 추정하기 위해서는 주파수 분해능이 높아야 하고 아울러 탑재장치의 공간분해능을 높이기 위해서는 동시에 시간 분해능이 높아야 한다. 따라서 상호 역비례 관계에 있는 이들 분해능을 동시에 높이기 위해 확장 칼만 필터 알고리즘을 적용하여 특징 신호들의 도플러 주파수 편이량을 추정하여 기계류의 상대적인 탑재 위치를 규명할 수 있음을 보인다. 먼저 수치모의 실험으로 그 가능성을 검증하고 자동차에 탑재된 스피커 음원을 사용한 실험 결과를 통해 그 성능을 확인하도록 한다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:시스템및제어부문D
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• 제54권9호
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• pp.521-530
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• 2005

In this paper, a new high resolution reflectometry scheme, time-frequency domain reflectometry(TFDR), isproposed to detect and estimate a fault in a transmission line. Traditional reflectometry methodologies have been achieved either in the time domain or in the frequency domain only. However, the TFDR can jump over the performance limits of the traditional reflectometry methodologies because the acquired signal is analyzed in time and frequency domain simultaneously. In the TFDR, the new reference signal and the novel TFDR algorithm are proposed for analyzing the acquired signal in the time-frequency domain. Because the reference signal of Gaussian envelop chirp signal is localized in the time and frequency domain simultaneously, it is suitable to the analysis in the time-frequency domain. In the proposed TFDR algorithm, the time-frequency distribution function and the normalized time-frequency cross correlation function are used to detect and estimate a fault in a transmission line. That algorithm is verified for real-world coaxial cables which are typical transmission line with different types of faults by the TFDR system composed of real instruments. The performance of the TFDR methodology is compared with that o( the commercial time domain reflectomeoy(TDR) experiments, so that concludes the TFDR methodology can detect and estimate the fault with smaller error than TDR methodology.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.319-327
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• 2011

An iterative technique based on orthogonal filters and frequency tracking is proposed to estimate harmonic components in power systems. The technique uses frequency interpolation to estimate fundamental frequency and harmonics when the nominal frequency of the signal is a non-integer value. Due to the number of computations involved during the generation of filter coefficients, an offline computation is suggested. Beneficial features of the proposed technique include fixed sampling rate and fixed data window size. The performance of the proposed technique is examined by simulating different power system operating conditions and evaluating the data from these simulations. A technique based on Fast Fourier Transform is also used to estimate the harmonic components for all the simulated signals. These estimates are compared with those obtained from the proposed technique. Results show that the proposed technique can converge to the accurate fundamental frequency and therefore, provide accurate harmonic components even when the fundamental frequency is not equal to the nominal frequency.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제55권7호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2006

This paper describes a method of parameter estimation of time series data using discrete Fourier transform(DFT). DFT have been mainly used to precisely and rapidly obtain the frequency of a signal. In a dynamic system, a real part of a mode used to learn damping characteristics is a more important factor than the frequency of the mode. The parameter estimation method of this paper can directly estimate modes and parameters, indicating the characteristics of a dynamic system, on the basis of the Fourier transform of the time series data. Real part of a mode estimates by subtracting a frequency of the Fourier spectrum corresponding to 0.707 of a magnitude of the peak spectrum from a peak frequency, or subtracting a frequency of the power spectrum corresponding to 0.5 of the peak power spectrum from a peak frequency, or comparing the Fourier(power) spectrum ratio. Also, the residue and phase of time signal calculate by simple equation with the real part of the mode and the power spectrum that have been calculated. Accordingly, the proposed algorithm is advantageous in that it can estimate parameters of the system through a single DFT without repeatedly calculating a DFT, thus shortening the time required to estimate the parameters.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.79-93
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• 1990

In this thesis the following studies have been tried: 1. To estimate reliability and validity of the items of scholastic achievment tests that had been tested by the evaluation service centers. 2. To smooth the sample frequency distribution of observed scores and to estimate the frequency distribution of observed scores approximating to the Negative Hypergeometric Distribution.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권5호
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• pp.866-874
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• 2008

Motor frequency can be measured by a hall sensor. Among the many hall sensors, a linear type hall sensor is good at high accuracy frequency measuring problem. However, in general, this linear type hall sensor has DC offset which can vary along sensor's operating voltage change. Therefore, In motor frequency measurement problem using the linear hall sensor, it needs an estimator that can estimate frequency and DC offset simultaneously. In this paper, we propose the least mean square estimator to estimate motor frequency. To verify its performance, we compare the LMS estimator with a commercial analog tachometer. Experimental results shows the proposed LMS estimator works well in varying frequency and stationary DC offset.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.279-285
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• 2017

Modal expansion technique (MET) is a method to estimate the vibration fields of flexible structures by using eigenmodes of the structure and the signals of sensors. It is the useful method to estimate the vibration fields but has the truncation error since it only uses the limit number of the eigenmodes in the frequency of interest. Even though block-wise MET performed frequency block by block with different valid eigenmodes was developed, it still has the truncation error due to the absence of other eigenmodes. Thus, this paper suggested an improved block-wise modal expansion technique. The technique recovers the truncation errors in one frequency block by utilizing other eigenmodes existed in the other frequency blocks. It was applied for estimating the vibration fields of a cylindrical shell. The estimated results were compared to the vibration fields of the forced vibration analysis by using two indices: the root mean square error and parallelism between two vectors. These indices showed that the estimated vibration fields of the improved block-wise MET more accurately than those of the established METs. Especially, this method was outstanding for frequencies near the natural frequency of the highest eigenmode of each block. In other words, the suggested technique can estimate vibration fields more accurately by recovering the truncation errors of the established METs.