• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2023

잔향시간(reverberation time, T60)은 대표적인 음향 매개 변수로서, 잔향에 대한 정보를 제공한다. 동일한 공간이라도 주파수 대역에 따라 잔향이 미치는 영향은 다르기 때문에, 주파수 대역별(frequency-dependent, FD) T60은 음향환경에 대한 세부적인 정보를 제공하여 유용하게 사용될 수 있다. 하지만 음성신호로부터 T60을 추정하는 기존의 블라인드 T60 추정 방식들은 대부분 전 대역 T60 추정에 집중되어 있으며, 소수의 블라인드 FDT60 추정 방식들은 공통적으로 저주파 대역에서 열악한 성능을 보인다. 본 논문은 블라인드 FDT60 추정을 위해, 이전에 제안한 주의 집중 풀링 기반 스펙트럼 감쇠율의 가중 합(Attentive pooling based Weighted Sum of Spectral Decay Rates, AWSSDR) 방식을 변형하여 목표를 전 대역 T60에서 FDT60으로 확장하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 방식은 ACE challenge의 평가데이터 셋에 대한 성능 평가 결과, 기존의 블라인드 FDT60 추정 방식들보다 우수한 성능을 달성하였으며, 특히, 모든 주파수 대역에서 일관성 있는 우수한 추정 성능을 보였다. 이는, 잔향의 물리적인 특성과 관련된 스펙트럼 감쇠율을 주파수 대역별로 처리하여, 음성신호로부터 FDT60에 대한 정보를 취합하는, AWSSDR 방식의 매커니즘이 주파수에 따라 변하는 잔향의 영향을 반영하여 FDT60 추정에 유용함을 보여준다.

• 한국독성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국독성학회 2001년도 International Symposium on Dietary and Medicinal Antimutgens and Anticarcinogens
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• pp.178-178
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• 2001

The interaction of extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) on the frequency of micronuclei (MN) induced by benzo(a)pyrene (BP) in human lymphocytes was examined. A 60 Hz ELF-MF of 0.8 mT field strength was applied for 24 hours either alone or with the tumour initiator, BP. The frequency of MN induced by BP increased in a dose-dependent manner.(omitted)

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.304-313
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• 1997

This study was designed to identify the degree of perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem in non - insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. The 278 Diabetic patients participating in this study were selected from a diabetic clinic. The period of data collection was September 2 to September 10, 1996. Collected data were analyzed by means of Frequency, Mean, SD, t - test, Pearson correlation, ANOVA using SPSS/PC+. The result are summarized as follows: 1. The mean score of perceived self-efficacy were 3.52 in total, 3.91 for medication, 3.40 for exercise, 3.60 for diet control, 3.18 for glucose test, 3.53 for general management. And the mean score of self-esteem were 3.51 2. Perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem had statistically significant positive correlations (r=.3125, p=.001). 3. The results of testing for the degree of perceived self -efficacy, according to the subject's demographic variables, showed that there were significant differences in sex (t=4.14, p<0.001), the level of education(t=6.24, p<0.01) and diabetic education(t=3.25, p<0.05). These results suggest that perceived self-efficacy and self-esteem is an important variable in the compliance of diabetic patients.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.201-204
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• 2011

For efficient noise reduction in a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrum, a new algorithm was proposed. The suggested algorithm reduces white and electrical noise, and it improves signal-to-noise ratio. This algorithm has been optimized to reduce the noise more efficiently using the traces of signal level. The algorithm has been efficiently combined with derivative window to improve the resolution as well S/N. Time domain data was corrected for DC voltage interference. $t^n$ window was applied in time domain data to improved the resolution. However, $t^n$ window can improve the signal resolution, it will also increase the noise level in frequency domain. Therefore, newly developed noise reduction algorithm will be applied to make a balance between resolving power and S/N ratio for magnitude mode. The trace algorithm can determine the current data point with several data points (mean, past data, calculated past data). In the current calculations, we assumed data points with S/N ratio more than 3 were considered as signal data points. After the windowing and noise reduction, both resolution and signal-to-noise ratio were improved. This algorithm is applicable more efficiently to frequency dependent noise and large size data.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2000

The hepadnaviruses replicate their nucleic acid through a reverse transcription step. The MBP-fused HBV polymerase was expressed in E. coli and purified by using amylase affinity column chromatography. The purified protein represented DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity. In this report, the MBP-HBV polymerase was shown to lack 3'$\rightarrow$5' exonuclease activity, like other retroviral RTs. The ratio of the insertion efficiency for the wrong versus right vase pairs indicates the misinsertion frequency (f). The nucleotide insertion fidelity (1/f), observed with the MBP-HBV polymerase and HIV-1 RT, was between 60 and 54,000, and between 50 and 73,000, respectively, showing that they are in close range. A relatively efficient nucleotide incorporation by the MBP-HBV polymerase was observed with a specificity of three groups: (1) A : T, T : A>C : G, G : C (matched pairs), (2) A : C, C : A>G: T, T : G (purine-pyrimidine and pyrimidine-purine mispairs), and (3) C : C, A : A, G : G, T : T>T : C, C : T>A : G, G : A (purine-purine or pyrimidine-pyrimidine mispairs), and their order is (1)>(2)>(3). The data from the nucleotide insertion fidelity by the MBP-HBV polymerase suggest that the HBV polymerase may be as error-prone as HIV-1 RT.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of 24-week sensory integration activity training on fitness of children with intellectual disability. Research design, data, and methodology: The subjects were 10 children with intellectual disability, 60 min training of sensory integration activity for 24 weeks. Obesity, cardiovascular endurance, muscular strength and muscle endurance were measured pre and post training. Frist, characteristics of subjects were measured with age, height, weight, IQ and SQ. Second, the subjects then performed sensory integration activity training for 24 weeks. Last, weight, strength, endurance, cardiovascular endurance and flexibility were measured. Data were calculated for average and standard deviation by SPSS 25.0 statistic program, and dependent sample t-test was processed to analyze the change between pre and post training. All statistical significance level was set to 0.5. Results: The result was shown that weight, strength and endurance changes between pre and post were significant. However, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility changes between pre and post were not significant. Conclusions: The lack of training frequency of 60 minute per week were acknowledged per week from this result. In future research, increased intensity and frequency are need for an in-depth and meaningful study and the measured data can be used basic information for the study.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.609-612
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• 2001

To investigate the magnetic field distribution of power line, we used amorphous wire sensor. And we discuss extremely low frequency magnetic field distribution dependent upon arrangement of power line and shielding pipe made from iron or alumimum materials by both measurement and FEM(Finite Element Method) analysis. Appling current of single phase 60 [Hz] 15 [A] is supplied to copper wire coated enamel resign. As the results, we confirmed that linear characteristics of amorphous wire sensor is very excellent and measurement value agrees with FEM calculation. Magnetic field distribution due to shielding materials is changed by permeability and conductivity.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2008

극저주파 전자기장의 노출과 여러 암 발생과의 연관성을 구명하기 위해 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있으나 아직도 결론을 내리기에는 논란이 있다. 본 연구에서는 극저주파 전자가장이 소핵, 이수성 및 염색제 재배열과 같은 염색체 손상을 유도하는지 여부와 bleomycin (BLM) 에 악해 유발된 염색체 손상 빈도를 증진시키는지 확인하기 위해 사람 섬유아세포에 BLM과 0.8mT 세기의 극저주파 전자가장을 노출시킨 후 micronucleus - centromere 분석을 수행하였다. BLM의 농도에 따라 소핵, 이수성 및 염색체 재배열의 빈도가 유의하게 증가하 였으며(p<0.05), 0.8 mT 세기의 극저주파 전자기장은 단독으로 사람 섬유아세포에 염색체 손상을 유도하지 않았으나, BLM에 의해 유발된 소핵과 이수성의 빈도를 유의하게 증가시켰다(p<0.05). 따라서 극저주파 전자기장은 단독으로 사람 섬유아세포에 유전독성을 일으키지 않으나 BLM에 의한 소핵과 이수성 빈도를 증폭하는 효과를 나타낸다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.28-38
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aimed to collect information that will help enhance the social networks and improve the quality of life among elderly people by observing the relationship between their social network and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and by analyzing social network factors affecting HRQoL. Methods: This study was based on the 2008 Community Health Survey in Yeoncheon County. Three hundred elders were included in the study population. We compared the revised Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-R) score and Euro quality of life-5 dimensions health status index by demographic characteristics and chronic disease prevalence. We analyzed the data using multiple regression and tobit regression by setting the HRQoL as the dependent variable and social network and other characteristics as the independent variables. We analyzed social network factors by using factor analysis. Results: The LSNS-R score differed significantly according to age and existence of a spouse. According to the results from the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the LSNS-R explained 0.10 of the variance and LSNS-R friends factor explained 0.10 of the variance. The tobit regression indicated that the contribution of the LSNS-R family size factor to the regression coefficient of the independent variable that affected the HRQoL was $B_T$=2.96, that of the LSNS-R family frequency factor was $B_T$=3.60, and that of LSNS-R friends factor was $B_T$=5.41. Conclusions: Social networks among elderly people had a significant effect on HRQoL and their networks of friends had a relatively higher effect than those of family members.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.507-521
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• 1999

Yu-Dong-Kong exercise is to produce heat from rubbing hands and is composed of 10 different types of exercise using warmed hands. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise on physical function and emotional state in elderly. The design of research is Nonequivalent Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The independent variable is Yu-Dong-Kong exercise, and the dependent variables are physical function and emotional state. Subjects are 18 elderly in the experimental group and 16 elderly in control group. All of them are above 60 year old and live in 1-city, Kyonggi-do. The exercise period was 4 weeks and data were collected from April to August in 1998. The exercise frequency was once a day. The exercise duration was from 10 to 20 minutes. The measurement tools are modified 1) Cornell Medical Index-Health questionnaire and 2) Geriatric Depression Scale. Collected data were analyzed by t-test and paired t-test based on the purposes of research using SPSS-Window package. The results are summarized as follows : 1. There was no difference in pre-exercise physical function between two groups (t=-.95, p=.35). 2. The hypothesis that 'physical function in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group' was not supported by t-test(t=-.925, p=.362). However. the physical function in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 3. The hypothesis that 'emotional state in the experimental group will be improved compared to the control group' was not supported by t-test(t=-1.715, p=.096). However, the emotional state in the experimental group showed much improvement than that in the control group. 4. The hypothesis that 'physical function will be improved in the post-exercise compared to pre-exercise' was not supported by paired t-test(t=.302, p=.766) However, a slight improvement in the physical function was found. For the further study, it is recommended to reevaluate the effect of Yu-Dong-Kong exercise through large number of subjects and long-term study. Also, a separate study with different type of subjects is recommended. In addition, continuation and compliance this strategy for exercise should be developed.