• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2008

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mariner's information characteristics in ship-ta-ship collision situation using the full mission ship-handling simulator. Risk levels of ship-to-ship collision were manipulated by whether the target ship complies with the naval regulations and by movement patterns of target ship. Dependent variables reflecting mariner's information characteristics in ship-ta-ship collision situation were measured in terms of radar detection reaction time, free recall performance of past navigation situation, and subjective ratings for the task difficulty. The results showed that, in general, the mariners appeared to be deteriorated in their radar detection reaction time and free recall performance as the risk of ship-ta-ship collision increased. Also, the mariners tended to rate required tasks more difficult in the high risk ship-ta-ship collision situation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.571-576
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• 1999

We consider a class of auto-associative memories namely N-Cubes (Neural-network Cubes) in which 2-D gray-level images and hidden sinusoidal 1-D wavelets are stored in cubical memories. First we develop a learning procedure based upon the least-squares algorithm, Therefore each 2-D training image is mapped into the associated 1-D waveform in the training phase. Second we show how the recall procedure minimizes errors among the orthogonal basis functions in the hidden layer. As a 2-D images ould be retrieved in the recall phase. Simulation results confirm the efficiency and the noise-free properties of N-Cubes.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.91-100
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the health status and life satisfaction of elders in charged and free welfare facilities. Methods: The subjects of this study were selected among those without cognitive impairment from charged (124 persons) and free (126 persons) welfare facilities in D city. The data were analyzed using frequency analysis, $x^$ test, and t-test. Results: Subjective health status was significantly higher for the residents in the charged welfare facilities. The data collected indicated significantly higher scores for the residents at charged welfare facilities when questioned regarding the physical health status, sense, personal hygiene, excretion control and activity. The data collected indicated significantly higher scores for the residents at charged welfare facilities when questioned regarding the mental health status, recall of breakfast side dishes, awareness of dates, interests in daily matters, feelings of happiness, feelings of loneliness and depression. Life satisfaction was significantly higher for the residents at the charged welfare facilities. Conclusions: There were significant differences in health status and life satisfaction of elders in charged and free welfare facilities.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2005

Purpose : We performed this study to compare the TSH and free $T_4$ levels according to gestational age and birth weight, and to reevaluate the cut-off values in the neonatal screening test for congenital hypothyroidism. Methods : Total 2,133 neonates(1,749 healthy newborns and 384 sick neonates) were screened in Dankook University Hospital from May 2000 to January 2003. Neonates with abnormal TSH values (higher than $20{\mu}IU/mL$) or abnormal free $T_4$ levels(lower than 1 ng/dL) were recalled to recheck the thyroid function test. At that time, physical examinations and history-taking regarding perinatal problem, medication history, and mother's illness were undertaken. Results : Serum TSH and free $T_4$ values revealed no significant difference according to sex, delivery type, and Apgar score. The free $T_4$ levels showed statistically significant differences, with gestational age or birth weight(P<0.01). The recall rate of neonates due to abnormal screening test was 7.48 percent. Compared with original cut-off values, the recall rate of the new cut-off values setted to TSH higher than $20{\mu}IU/mL$ or free $T_4$ lower than 0.64 ng/dL decreased from 7.48 percent to 4.8 percent in the healthy group. But, it compromised sensitivity when applied to the sick group. Conclusion : In this study, neonatal free $T_4$ levels were significantly different according to birth weight, gestational age, and the presence of compromised condition. Although the recall rate by TSH > $20{\mu}IU/mL$ or free $T_4$ <1 ng/dL was relatively high, it was impossible to set up new cut-off values without compromising sensitivity. We think studies including a larger study population will be required to change the cut-off values.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.594-608
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• 1998

Comparative studies regarding the nutritional status of 93 home-living elderly people taking free congregate lunch meals(FL) and 87 middle income class elderly people(MI) were performed in Taejon city. Data was obtained from questionaires, anthropometry and interviews for the 24-hour dietary recall of 2 nonconsecutive days during August, 1996. The average age for FL was 75.8 years. The monthly familly income for FL belonged to the low-income class. FL females had lower heights and weights than MI females. The average daily nutritional intake of both FL and MI were low, particularly in FL whose %RDA of energy was 68.5%, protein 65%, Ca 29.6%, Fe 50.8%, vitamin A 34.5%, vitamin E 30.5%, riboflavin 40.6%, vitamin C 76.9%. MI's %RDA of energy was 76.4%, protein 80.a2%, Ca 48.1%, Fe 78.6%, vitamin A 67.3%, vitamin E 117.4%, riboflavin 45.6%, vitamin C 136.5%. Comsumption of Zn, vitamin $B_6$ and folic daily average. There was no nutrient having average INQ(Index of nutritional quality) over 1 for either group. The INQs for protein, Ca, Fe and vitamin A were 0.802, 0.377, 0.625 and 0.296 in FL, and 0.900, 0.601, 0.784 and 0.602 in MI, respectively. The MAR(Mean adequacy ratio) was low with the value of 0.500-0.518 in FL and 0.630-0.723 in MI. The percentage of main nutrients from lunch was the highest among the three meals for FL males, while that from breakfast was the highest for MI. Free lunches taken by FL supported higher percentages of main nutrients than home-lunches taken by MI. Eating-out was done more frequently by MI than by FL and that eating-out brought them more nutritional intake. The above data indicated that the dietary nutritional intake status of the FL elderly was very poor in both quantity and quality and that free congregate lunch significantly contributed to the daily nutrient-intake for the FL elderly.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.812-820
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• 1999

The aim of this investigation was to assess the difference of health behaviors, dietary patterns and nutrient intakes between smokers and nonsmoker from 435 free living elderly in Kyunggi province. The study subjects were interviewed to collect general characteristics and health behaviors such as smoking, exercise, alcohol consumption, and food habits by questionnaires and nutrient intakes by a 24-hour recall, and weight, height, waist, hip, and blood pressure were measured. The percentages of smoker were 52.3% in males and 12.1% in females. Current smokers were fond of alcohol, salty or hot food, tended to have meals irregularly and insufficient sleep, and were inactive lifestyle compared to nonsmokers. Smokers consumed fewer servings of vegetables, fruits, and beans and their products. Women who smoked consumed less energy, carbohydrates, and vitamin E than nonsmokers, and their nutrient adequacy ratio of protein, iron, phosphate, niacin, vitamin B1, and vitamin C were significantly lower than nonsmokers. There were no differences of nutrient intakes and nutrient adequacy ratio between smokers and nonsmokers in male subjects. In conclusion, elderly smokers tended to have less healthy life style, food habit, and dietary nutrient intakes which may influence the deleterious effects of smoke components on cancer and coronary heart disease risk, thus health education program should include nutrition education as well as smoking cessation.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.735-745
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• 2013

The emergence of Web 2.0 technologies, such as blogs and wiki, enable even naive users to easily create and share content on the Web using freely available content sharing tools. Wide availability of almost free data and promiscuous sharing of content through social networking platforms created a content borrowing phenomenon, where the same content appears (in many cases in the form of extensive quotations) in different outlets. An immediate side effect of this phenomenon is that identifying which content is re-used by whom is becoming a critical tool in social network analysis, including expert identification and analysis of information flow. Internet-scale reuse detection, however, poses extremely challenging scalability issues: considering the large size of user created data on the web, it is essential that the techniques developed for content-reuse detection should be fast and scalable. Thus, in this paper, we propose a $qSign_{lsh}$ algorithm, a mechanism for identifying multi-sentence content reuse among documents by efficiently combining sentence-level evidences. The experiment results show that $qSign_{lsh}$ significantly improves the reuse detection speed and provides high recall.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1286-1295
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• 2014

This paper suggests the way that it could improve the reliability about preference of user's feedback by adding weighting factor on sentiment analysis, and efficiently make a sentiment analysis of users' emotional perspective on the big data massively generated on twitter. To solve errors on earlier studies, this paper has improved recall and precision of sensibility determination by using sensibility dictionary subdivided sentiment polarity based on the level of sensibility and given impotance to sensibility determination by populating slang, new words, emoticons and idiomatic expressions not in the system dictionary. It has considered the context through conjunctive adverbs fixed in korean characteristics which are free to the word order. It also recognize sensibility words such as TF(Term Frequency), RT(Retweet), Follower which are weighting factors of preference and has increased reliability of preference analysis considering weight on 'a very emotional tweet', 'a recognised tweet from users' and 'a tweeter influencer'

• Korean Journal of Logic
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.39-57
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• 2018

This paper deals with non-algebraic Kripke-style semantics, i.e, set-theoretical Kripke-style semantics, for weakening-free non-commutative fuzzy logics. We first recall an extension of the pseudo-uninorm based fuzzy logic HpsUL, $CnHpsUL^*$. We next introduce set-theoretical Kripke-style semantics for it.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 1981

The phenomena of memory have been shown to come out early in life and to develop drastically for early childhood. Therefore, the purpose of this study were examine the development of memory of Korean children and also to see the memory span of Korean children. the subjects in this study were 80 children (male and female each 40 children) from age 3 to age 6. These subjects were devide into two age groups (3~4 age, 5~6 age). the stimulus materials were the numbers and the words. The numbers in this study were chosen from the number problems of WISC. The 42 words which consisted of two phonemes were selected. The number of items was 3 to 9 on the first through the last trial. altogether 14 trials, 7 trials for numbers and 7 trials for words, were given to each subject. Free recall method was sued. The following conclusions could be made. 1. The memory span of Korean early childhood increased as the age of the children increased. 2. The primacy effect was appeared when the age increased. Therefore, rehearsal was appeared as the age of the Korean early childhood increased.