• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제15권6호
• /
• pp.2083-2099
• /
• 1991

본 연구에서는 다른 실험 조건은 일정하게 유지하면서 아래 벽면의 표면조도 를 체계적으로 변화시켜 표면조도가 후향계단 뒤의 재부착 흐름 및 재발달경계층에 미 치는 영향을 조사하고자 하며 구체적인 내응은 다음과 같다. (1) 표면조도가 재부착 길이와 재발달경계층에 미치는 영향의 조사. (2) 표면조도가 평균속도와 난류량 분포 에 미치는 영향의 조사. (3) 여러 종류 표면조도 변화에 따른 재부착길이와 재발달 경 계층 회복에 미치는 영향과 결과의 상호 비교.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.486-493
• /
• 2000

Flow mechanism around air flow sensor of electronic control engine, especially Karman vortex type, was investigated experimentally. The two-dimensional flow characteristics in the intermediate wake region behind a triangular vortex-generator respectively apex forward facing, apex backward facing and vertical flat plates following after apex forward facing(i.e vortex-flowmeter) were investigated at Reynolods number of $ReH=1.4\times10^4$; H is the width of a triangular vortex-generator. The vortex shedding frequency for wide Reynolds number from $7\times10^3$ to $2.1\times10^4$ was also surveyed. The velocity component was measured by X-type hot wire anemometer at 8H downstream from the bluff body. The coherent structure of the intermediate wake behind a bluff body was obtained by conditional phase average technique. As a result, it was verified that the vertical flat plates following after apex forward triangular vortex-generator make not only more linear relation between free stream velocity and vortex shedding frequency but also more periodic vortex in the vicinity of the center of wake.

• 한국항공우주학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2002

공동흐름에서 직각 계단은 커다란 소음의 원인이 되어 많은 사람들의 와류와 직각계단의 상호 작용 시에 발생되는 소음의 저감 방안을 연구하여 왔다. 본 연구에서는 2차원 저아음속 와류 흐름이 전향계단을 지날 때 발생되는 유동 소음을 전향계단의 형상 변화를 통한, 즉, 계단의 모따기 양과 각도를 바꾸어 가면서 수치적으로 계산하였다. 내부 유동장을 구하기 위해서 비압축성 비점성 이산와류 모델을 가정하였으며, 유동정보로부터 원거리로의 음향장 계산은 MAE 이론을 적용하여 구하였다. 음원에서의 음압과 음압강도를 모따기 높이 및 모따기 각도와 최기 와류의 높이를 변화시켜가면서 다양하게 수치적인 결과를 얻어내었다. 본 연구를 통해서 계단에 접근하는 와류에 의한 원거리 음압은 모따기 양이 계단 높이의 30%에서 모따기 각도가 $15^{\circ}C$에서 $30^{\circ}C$°사이일 때 가장 소음이 적게 발생되는 결과를 얻어내었다.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 1995

The anemometer measurements were obtained from stationary hot-film probe mounted between the forward and rear rotors of a model CRP which rotated the forward and different directions. Data collection was done at several locations between rotors. To establish rotor-rotor interaction flow mechanism that contributes noise increasement of the CRP, methods of simple and the double condition-at sampling have been developed. The former uses to find similarity of the wake the later fixes the forward rotor position in time or space and permits averaging the mean wake at any fixed rotor angular location. The variation of the forward wake Is strongly depending upon the rear rotor location.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 추계 학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.95-101
• /
• 2003

A three dimensional inviscid parallel flow solver has been developed for the simulation of rotor blades in forward flight. The computational domain is divided into stationary and rotating zones for the more efficient mesh adaptation. The conservative mesh treatment algorithm is used for the convection of flow variables and fluxes across the sliding boundary. A deforming mesh algorithm using modified spring analogy is used for the blade motion. In the present paper, detail descriptions of numerical analysis for forward flight are introduced. Some results are presented for a two bladed AH-1G rotor and compared with experimental data.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.153-164
• /
• 2009

An effective management for reverse flows of products such as reuse, repair and disposal, has become an important issue for every aspect of business. In this paper, we study the Location-Routing Problem (LRP) in the multi-stage closed-loop supply chain network. The closed-loop supply chain in this study integrated both forward and reverse flows. In forward flow, a factory, Distribution Center (DC) and retailer are considered as usual. Additionally in reverse flow, we consider the Central Returns collection Center (CRC) and disposal facility. We propose a mixed integer programming model for the design of closed-loop supply chain integrating both forward and reverse flows. Since the LRP belongs to an NP-hard problem, we suggest a heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm. For some test problems, we found the optimal locations and routes by changing the numbers of retailers and facility candidates. Furthermore, we compare the efficiencies between open-loop and closed-loop supply chain networks. The results show that the closed-loop design is better than the open one in respect to the total routing distance and cost. This phenomenon enlarges the cut down effect on cost as an experimental space become larger.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
• /
• 제51권1호
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2002

This paper proposes a new power flow method for distribution system analysis by modifying the conventional back/forward sweep method using symmetrical components. Since the proposed method backward and forward sweeps with the variables expressed by symmetrical components, this method reduces computation time for matrix calculations; therefore, it is able to reduce the computational burden for real-time distribution network analysis. The proposed method was also developed to effectively analyze the unbalanced distribution system installing AVR(Auto Voltage Regulator), shunt capacitors. The proposed algorithm was compared with the conventional Back/forward Sweep method by applying both methods to three phase unbalanced distribution system of IEEE 123-bus model, and the test results showed that the proposed method would outperformed the conventional method in real-time distribution system analysis.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.104-111
• /
• 2009

An unstructured overset mesh method has been developed for the simulation of unsteady flow fields around isolated rotors and rotor-fuselage configurations. The flow solver was parallelized for the efficient calculation of complicated flows requiring a large number of cells. A quasi-unsteady mesh adaptation technique was adopted to enhance the spatial accuracy of the solution and to better resolve the rotor wake. The method has been applied to calculate the flow fields around rotor-alone and rotor-fuselage configurations in forward flight. Validations were made by comparing the predicted results with those of measurements. It was demonstrated that the present method is efficient and robust for the prediction of unsteady time-accurate flow fields involving multiple bodies in relative motion.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년도 학술대회
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2008

Flow field around helicopter involves incompressible flow near the blade root and compressible flow at the blade tip. A problem occurs for low Mach number flow due to the stiffness of the governing equations. Time-derivative preconditioning techniques have been incorporated to reduce the stiffness that occurs at low speed region. The preconditioned form of the compressible Navier-Stokes and Euler equations is used. Computations are performed for the Caradonna-Tung's hovering and non-lifting forward flight case. Computational results are in good agreement with the experimental data.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2008년 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.251-255
• /
• 2008

Flow field around helicopter involves incompressible flow near the blade root and compressible flow at the blade tip. A problem occurs for low Mach number flow due to the stiffness of the governing equations. Time-derivative preconditioning techniques have been incorporated to reduce the stiffness that occurs at low speed region. The preconditioned form of the compressible Navier-Stokes and Euler equations is used. Computations are performed for the Caradonna-Tung's hovering and non-lifting forward flight case. Computational results are in good agreement with the experimental data.