• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제99권2호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2010

Influences of environment (indicated by plant associations) and forest management practices on the distribution of Armillaria spp. and genets (vegetative clones) were investigated. A total of 142 isolates of Armillaria was collected from various host trees on pristine and managed sites (thinned and/or fertilized) growing in relatively wet and dry environments in eastern Washington, U.S.A. The incidence of Armillaria spp. was significantly higher in the relatively wetter sites than the relatively drier sites, as indicated by plant associations. However, no differences in Armillaria occurrence were found among different forest management practices (control vs. thinned vs. thinned and fertilized) within both wetter and drier sites. Incidence of Armillaria was significantly different among conifer and shrub species. The highest proportion with Armillaria was found on grand fir (Abies grandis). Based on pairing tests and rDNA sequencing, the 142 isolates were comprised in a total of 20 genets representing three Armillaria species. More diverse Armillaria spp. were found in both relatively wetter and relatively drier sites within the undisturbed control plots, compared to plots disturbed by forest management practices. The results from this study provide baseline information toward understanding how environment and forest management practices influence incidence and diversity of Armillaria species and genets.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2006

This study compared with the object of designation and the management practices for Protection Forests between Korea and Japan to establish the management and development directions of Korea's Protection Forest. 1. Water conservation forest from total areas of Protection Forests occupied 90.6 % in Korea and 68.4 % in Japan, respectively. The water conservation forest was the most important function among the Protection Forest's functions in both countries. 2. The 10 million ha of Protection Forest in Japan increased for last 100 years. The 100 thousand ha per year was designated as Protection Forest. In contrast, The 655,535 ha of Protection Forest in Korea decreased for last 42 years with decreasing of 15,000 ha per year. 3. In Japan, Protection Forest can be managed by forest silvicultural practices such as forest harvest, thinning, and pruning to recover and improve the Protection Forest's functions. 4. In case of Korea, it is necessary to a mid- or long-term counter plan to increase the area of Protection Forest by the government, and needs to the recovery and improvement of Protection Forest's functions.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제104권4호
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• pp.543-548
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• 2015

단목모수, 군상모수, 군상개벌, 대상개벌 등의 천연갱신 방법이 적용된 소나무림의 nSSR 유전변이를 조사하였다. 작업(벌채) 전 성목과 작업 후 임내에서 자연 발생한 1년생 치수들의 유전다양성을 비교한 결과 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며(성목: A=13.4; $A_e$=4.3; $H_o$=0.596; $H_e$=0.598, 치수: A=13.6; $A_e$=4.3; $H_o$=0.571; $H_e$=0.597), 각각의 작업종에서도 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 성목과 치수의 유전분화 정도는 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났으며($F_{ST}$=0.002), 각 작업종별 유전분화 정도 역시 낮은 값($$F_{ST}{\leq_-}0.01$$)을 보여 작업 전, 후 임분의 유전구조 변화는 크지 않은 것으로 추정되었다. 결과적으로 본 연구가 수행된 소나무 임분의 경우 유전다양성과 유전적 조성 변화에 미치는 천연갱신 작업종의 효과가 두드러지지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 천연갱신 작업종이 유전변화에 미치는 영향을 보다 정확하게 평가하기 위해서는 작업 후 남겨진 개체(모수)의 교배로부터 발생한 치수들의 시계열적 유전변이와 유전구조 변화를 지속적으로 추정할 필요가 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제95권6호
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• pp.729-734
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• 2006

이 연구는 정수계획법을 이용하여 산림경영계획을 수립하기 위한 의사결정방법을 도출하고자 수행되었다. 연구대상은 강원대학교 연습림의 잣나무, 낙엽송, 참나무림으로 구성된 85개소의 임분으로 무육, 도태간벌, 상업적 간벌, 주벌의 최적기에 도달한 상태이다. 산림경영모델은 계획기간동안 수종별, 시업종류별로 각 임분에서 별채되는 재적을 최대화하는 1개의 목적함수와 시업횟수 시업대상지 최소수확량과 최대수확량 균등수확량 최대생산량 의사결정변수의 제한 등 7개의 제약조건으로 구성되었다. 계획기간은 10년으로 하였고 5개의 경영분기로 구분하였다. 정수계획법을 이용한 결과, 계획기간동안 85개 임분 중에서 68개 임분 (202.8ha)에 대해 산림시업을 실행하고 17개 임분(9.2ha)은 시업이 유보되며, 총 벌채재적은 $20,000m^3$으로 시업 및 벌채여부 판단과 같은 특정조건의 선택문제를 다룰수 있었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2007

This study aims to clarify the effect of forest management practices(thinning and pruning) on soil physical properties and water quality to get the fundamental information on the facility of purifying water quality after forestry practices. Rainfall, throughfall, stemflow, soil and stream water were sampled at the study site which consists of Pinus rigida in Jinju National University Experimental Forest for 4 years from Mar. 1, 2002 to Nov. 30, 2006. Averaged tree height of the management site increased by 1.6m, compared to the value of the non-management site in Pinus rigida. Increment of averaged D. B. H. at the management site showed 4.2cm more in Pinus rigida compared with that at non-management sites. Mesopore ratios (pF2.7) and total porosities of A layer soil at the management site increased more than those at the non-management sites in both stands. Otherwise, soil bulk density resulted in being reversely. Water qualities of throughfall, stemflow and buffered soil water were influenced more positively by the management practice. The average electrical conductivity of stream water was $32.9{\mu}S/cm$ within the range of non-polluted stream water.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제102권4호
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• pp.608-616
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• 2013

이 연구에서는 교토의정서 제3조 4항의 산림경영활동에 따른 이산화탄소 흡수량 산정을 위한 산림경영율 추정방법으로 임의선택법, 계층추출법, 최대시업면적법, 중복시업면적법을 제시하였고, 그 중 측정 보고 검증가능한 (MRV) 방식에 있어서 현재 가장 합리적인 방법이라 판단되는 최대시업면적법을 적용하여 사례분석을 실시하였다. 산림경영율은 전체산림면적 대비 산림경영면적으로 정의될 수 있으며, 산림경영면적은 산림경영활동의 정의에 따라 전체 산림을 시업지와 제한지로 구분하였다. 시업지의 산림경영면적은 '국유림경영정보시스템'과 '사유림 경영정보 DB구축 사업'의 시업이력을 근거로, 제한지의 경우는 '산지구분도'상의 공익용 임지를 기준으로 산출되었다. 사례연구 대상지인 충청북도의 산림경영면적은 시업지 115,566 ha, 제한지 131,008 ha로 전체 산림면적 495,806 ha의 49.7%(산림경영율)로 나타났다. 이 연구는 교토의정서체계하에서의 우리나라 산림경영율을 추정할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 산림경영율을 높일 수 있는 산림경영계획과 실행방안을 찾는데 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.172-179
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• 2010

This study was conducted to establish a management plan for the Songrim woodland restoration by analyzing the site characteristics of the Songrim Woodland Natural Monument (Natural Monument 445) in Hadong-Gun, Gyeongsangnam-Do, Korea. The Songrim woodland was a pure pine forest. To stimulate the growth of sub-trees or mid- story vegetation in both a non-rest year forest and a rest year forest, it is recommended to take a silvicultural practices such as pruning because canopy of over-story trees was closely covered. The Songrim woodland in the non-rest year forest severely competed among individual trees of DBH classes of 60 cm and height of 18 m, while the woodland in the rest-year forest competed with DBH classes of 62 cm and height of 10 m, respectively. Soil physical property such as soil hardness, soil pore space rates, and pF 2.7 was restored following the rest-year forest designation. Mean salt concentration in the Songrim woodland soils was 0.006%. The result suggests that it is needed to take a study to prevent the salt inputs to conserve the Songrim woodland.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.3-9
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• 2007

Stream flow and water quality were measured and analyzed with respect to flow-weighted mean concentrations (FWMCs) of 21 rainfall events from a forested watershed (Forest Research Watershed: FRW) and two mixed watersheds of agriculture and forest (YuPo-Ri Watershed: YPW and WolGog-ri Watershed: WGW) located in the middle of the North Han River basin. The monitoring of each watershed was one year and conducted between 2004 and 2006. YPW showed more intensive agricultural practices than WGW where traditional practices were common. The average of the 21 FWMCs were in the order of YPF>WGW>FRW and were significantly different from each other at the level of 0.05. It was shown that the land use with intensive agricultural practices produced and discharged more NPS pollutants than that with traditional practices and forest. Specially, SS concentrations from the mixed watersheds were significantly higher than those from FRW. Influencing factors on runoff were analyzed rainfall and watershed area. And rainfall intensity was greater impact on runoff than daily rainfall. Measured water quality indices were shown positive correlations among them in general. However, no significant correlation was shown between COD and nutrients(T-N and T-P).

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

This is a comparative study on environmental education curricula in the forest sciences of korean and german universities. The purpose of this study is to identify the developmental process, structure and content of environmental education(EE) explained by the forest sciences curricula from the two countries and to offer a simultaneous comparison, focusing on the four social variables and seven criteria of comparability in environmental education curricula. For the purpose of this study, the cross-disciplinary approach of George Z. F Bereday was employed. Environmental education curricula of two countries was analysed in the social context through the four phases of comparative procedure; the description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison. EE has been taught in the forest sciences of Korea and Germany since the middle 1990s. In forest sciences of two countries, EE was developed in relation to social needs and considered as a form of forest policy. Both korean and german forest sciences curricula include EE for the students to understand the theories and practices of EE as the application of the forest science. In process of EE, the students of two countries develop EE programs. German curricula have more seminars and practices than korean curricula. And various experts participate in education programs. The forest sciences of Korea focus on Environmental Interpretation which raises the quality of visitors' experiences in forest recreation. Contacting with nature(lived experiences) is a important factor in Korean EE. On the other hand, the forest sciences of Germany focus on forest education as a form of public relations and also as a form of EE. In Germany, there are various approaches to forest education; philosophy, ethics, psychology, natural science, forest policy, forest history, education and so on. Forest education includes the multiple levels.

• 임산에너지
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• 24권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 동적생장모델을 이용하여 산림경영(간벌작업)의 수행여부에 따른 산림의 재적변화량, 산림의 바이오매스와 탄소흡수량을 추정하였다. 간벌 수행 여부에 따른 산림의 재적 변화량을 추정한 결과, 간벌을 수행하였을 경우의 산림 재적 변화량이 현저히 높게 추정되었으며, 이로 인한 산림의 탄소흡수량의 차이도 매우 크게 추정되었다. 간벌이 이루어지지 않은 산림에서의 탄소흡수량은 0.27tC(탄소톤)/ha로 추정되었으며, 간벌이 이루어진 산림에서는 166.02tC(탄소톤)/ha(상층간벌), 163.75tC(탄소톤)/ha(하층간벌)로 각각 추정되었다. 따라서 간벌은 산림의 탄소흡수량 증진에 매우 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 판명되었으며, 각 간벌유형별 탄소흡수량은 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 따라서 산림의 탄소흡수 및 탄소흡수량 증진을 위해서는 간벌작업을 통한 산림경영이 필수적인 요소라고 판단된다.