• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.147-156
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• 2013

Multiple use forestry is capable of generating income for forest based communities through Non-Timber forest products (NTFPs) which provide food, medicine, materials for domestic use and cash income for communities adjoining forest areas in developing countries. This study evaluates the economics of producing ginger rhizomes under teak canopy in a multiple land use system during 2007 and 2008 in even aged teak plantations in Ibadan and Ife, Nigeria. Twelve $6m^2$ sample plots were randomly selected in Completely Randomized Block Design within and outside the plantation. Average ginger rhizome of (50-60 g) were planted on the slightly tilled soil. NPK 15:15:15 was applied at 180 kg/ha on a split unit dose. ANOVA, Profitability, Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio were used to analyze data. Results showed no significant differences between sites in ginger rhizome yield, (0.089 and 0.718, ${\rho}{\leq}0.05$) in 2007 and 2008 respectively. Average yield were higher outside teak canopy in both sites and treatments, (Ibadan -40.05 g>32.9 g, Ife -67.6 g>25.2 g and Ibadan -41.3 g>31.5 g, Ife -66.8 g>25.0 g) with and without NPK respectively. NPK had no effect on yields within teak plantation, (Ibadan -31.5<32.9 g, Ife -25 g<25.2 g). Ginger rhizome production was viable financially without inorganic fertilizer during second cropping season within and outside plantation (B/C=1.02, 1.09) respectively. Ginger could be raised profitably under teak canopy, however, studies on insolation requirement of ginger under teak canopy and other tree plantations are recommended.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.1
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• pp.72-80
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• 2022

In this study, intention type was assigned to determine appropriate conservation and use of the Baekdudaegan Protection Area. To determine intention type, 84 indices were integrated into 7 types: the Natural Environment Protection District, Natural Scenic District, Agriculture and Forestry Promotion District, Living Environment Protection District, Education/Culture/Arts Promotion District, Recreation/Tourism Promotion District, and Disaster Management District. Intention types were decided by comparing the occupying proportion of the intention types for each watershed segment in which the Seoraksan, Taebaeksan, and Sockrisan region boundaries were included. Weight values were applied to each of the seven intention types because each type did not play an equal role in the target regions. Most regions were classified as Natural Environment Protection intention types because the Baekdudaegan area is regulated with strong forestry and environmental protection acts; thus, the weight values related to nature protection were higher than those for other types. To supplement the results from this study, additional research is needed to determine the intention type and weight for each region, and it will also be necessary to integrate sociocultural factors and field survey data.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2014

This work aims to establish the landscape ecological countermeasures to improve the sustainability of urban mountain forest and to enrich the biodiversity in twenty mountains of the Seoul Metropolitan City. Landscape ecological analysis was conducted based upon various criteria, such as area and elevation of mountains, flora, naturalized plants, vegetation, forest types, mountain trails, and public facilities. Various measures were suggested for the better maintenances of floristic diversity, introduced plants, vegetation and forest types of urban mountain forests. Sustainable recommendations for land use adminstration were developed for the preparations of a climate change-adapted urban mountain forests, as well as rational managements of ecosystem, walking trails, and public facilities within mountain forest. Rich and diverse natural vegetation as well as high floristic diversity were reported at mountains with higher elevations, larger area size, and rich landscape diversity. Mountains with low elevation, small size with easy public access, however, might require an urgent action to decrease the burdens by anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2011

This paper is performed to study for the plants ecosystems for the rural community forest of designated as natural monument. In addition, it is also proposed the plan of the rural community forest's conservation and restoration for avoiding to the destroy of indiscriminate development such as land-use, cultivation. The rural community forest is a mirror that reflect the regional culture and history, as well as environment. According to this view, undoubtedly, we need to recognise the formative background of rural community forest, the relations between the environment around and the characteristic of plants ecosystem comprehensively. For the purpose of proposing to the plan of rural village forests' conservation and restoration, therefore, this study is: 1) reviews the previous research and ancient documents, and 2) surveys the vegetation structure and the growing conditions in rural village forest directly.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.29-37
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• 1995

The national park should be preserved in accordance with the regulation, but the development planning or facilities management planning has not been faithful to the spirits of the regulation. Recently natural environment has been radically changed, and especially damaged by large scale development of Service Facilities Zone. Thus the effective land use planning of the national park is required. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose the alternative site for The Second Service Facilities Zone in Mt. Kyeryong National Park using the GIS, and to compare the alternative site with the existing development site. Site selection was based on Rules of Combination which covers topographic analysis, viewshod analysis, distance analysis from hot spring well, land use analysis, and forest stand analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.353-358
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• 1998

GRASS-AGNPS model integrated with GIS was applied to rural watersheds having complex land use characteristics and evaluated for its applicability through calibration using observed data. The analyses of raster encoding accuracy and model behavior to runoff, sediment yields and nutrient loads for different cell-size showed that 150 m cell size indicated reasonable applicability of the model. Simulated runoff was in a good agreement with the observed data and simulated peak runoff rate was larger than the observed data. The sediment yield simulated by modified AGNPS model using irregular cell for forest area were less than that of the regular cell method. In predicting sediment yields, the result showed a different trend at each representative rural watershed. Nutrient loads simulated by the model were significantly different from the observed data.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.1402-1403
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• 2011

Photovoltaic solar energy policy in the keynote of the world in the development of new technologies in terms of renewable energy sources has been a great interest. Solar energy is the energy density, low light intensity, temperature, and a lot of areas affected by the difference, the effective use difficult. For the installation of photovoltaic solar power systems to develop farmland or forest land resulting from deforestation has become such a problem. In this paper, a way to resolve these issues as part of the development of the reservoir water through the efficient use of land and water resources through the eco-friendly energy production, water quality improvement, the cooling effect of solar modules, solar water system has the advantage of was installed. Terrestrial solar systems installed under the same conditions and solar radiation, power, module temperature, ambient temperature and analyzed. Through this award to demonstrate the effectiveness of the solar system is.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2000.05a
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• pp.48-56
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• 2000

In this paper, properties of hydrologic cycle in three experimental catchments were compared and different types of a lumped parametric model were applied to understand the hydrologic cycle in the catchments. One of them is a forest catchment and another one includes the reclaimed upland fields and last one does terraces paddy fields. The comparison of hydrologic properties showed that the differences in land use have great influences on the soil properties of surface layer, which changes in hydrologic processes such as evapotranspiration and storm runoff et. al. By the runoff analysis models, good agreements between observed and calculated discharge from the catchments were obtained and it was found that the differences in values of optimized model parameters and water budget components reflect those in the hydrologic cycle among them.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.103-111
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to review foreign scenic inventory map for the systematic management of natural scenic resources. Several foreign cases were surveyed and analyzed to apply the scenery inventory map in domestic, such as Visual Resource Management(VRM) from United States Bureau of Land Management, Scenery Management System(SMS) from USDA Forest Service and Visual Landscape Inventory(VLI) from British Columbia Ministry of Forest's, that were already established scenery inventory maps. The results are as follows. First, the characteristic of Korean landscape is quite a different from those of north american's, which is much smaller and more complex in topography and land use. So, it would be difficult to apply foreign system directly and we need more researches to our own system. The multi-stepped landscape unit system is highly recommended. Second, scenic quality could be estimated by the pre-built database, such as land forms, vegetation, hydrology and land uses. Historical and cultural attributes should be complemented. Third, existing scenic integrity could be grasped by scenic damage, landscape alteration caused by human activities and land exfoliation. Also, subjective evaluation method should be supplemented by objective criteria through further detailed studies. Finally, about landscape view conditions, landscape control points should be surveyed and established in advance, and viewing distance, viewing frequency, amount of observers and public interests should be considered.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.73-95
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• 2009

The fact that soil loss causing to increase muddy water and devastate an ecosystem has been appearing upon a hot social and environmental issues which should be solved. Soil losses are occurring in most agricultural areas with rainfall-induced runoff. It makes hydraulic structure unstable, causing environmental and economical problems because muddy water destroys ecosystem and causes intake water deterioration. One of three severe muddy water source areas in Soyanggang-dam watershed is Jawoon-ri region, located in Hongcheon county. In this area, many cash-crops are planted at illegally cultivated agricultural fields, which were virgin forest areas. The purpose of this study is to estimate soil loss with current land uses(including illegal cash-crop cultivation) and soil loss reduction with land use conversion from illegal cultivation back to forest. In this study, the Sediment Assessment Tool for Effective Erosion Control(SATEEC) ArcView GIS was utilized to assess soil erosion. If the illegally cultivated agricultural areas are converted back to forest, it would be expected to 17.42% reduction in soil loss. At the Jawoon-ri region, illegally cultivated agricultural areas located at over 30% and 15% slopes take 47.48 ha(30.83%) and 103.64 ha(67.29%) of illegally cultivated agricultural fields respectively. If all illegally cultivated agricultural fields are converted back to forest, it would be expected that 17.41% of soil erosion and sediment reduction, 10.86% reduction with forest conversion from 30% sloping illegally agricultural fields, and 16.15% reduction with forest conversion from 15% sloping illegally agricultural fields. Therefore, illegally cultivated agricultural fields located at these sloping areas need to be first converted back to forest to maximize reductions in soil loss reduction and muddy water outflow from the Jawoon-ri regions.